2022年武汉工程大学邮电与信息工程学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年武汉工程大学邮电与信息工程学院 自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC persuasionD、scolding【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责第2题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Income may be nati

2、onal income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total earned income of all the factors of production namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other compensation for labor, personal income may be defined as total money income received by individuals before personal taxes

3、 are paid. National income does not equal GNP because the factors of production do not receive payment for either capital consumption allowances or indirect business taxes, both of which are included in GNP. The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as in

4、come. Indirect taxes include sales taxes, property taxes, and excise taxes that are paid by businesses directly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the factors of production. Three-fourths of national income goes for wages, salaries, and otherC、Differences in the biology of th

5、e cancer.D、Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段指出 blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, 与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第21题【单项选择题】【2009.01 The twin sisters were identical appearance and character.A、ofB、withC、inD、to【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一 样。be identical to/ with完全相同的，一模一样的。此题要说明在某

6、个方面是一 样的，应选C。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket （板球）.Q: Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao此题对应的语句为：the one most nearly like it is t

7、he English game of cricket,因此是正确的。第23题【单项选择题】10【阅读选择】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.According to the autho

8、r; technology is important because.A、resources on land are running short in ten yearsB、man can use it to explore the deeper seaC、it is a lot of fun diving into the seaD、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are imp

9、ressive,人类利用技术可以开发的海洋资源是惊人的。 段末说至U： Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.然而，大量有价值的矿物均还埋藏于海底。如铁，铜等等。其他三 项都没有提到。第24题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答

10、案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第25题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that11 they

11、suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.A、 they developed accurate system measuring

12、 time.B、 they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、 they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D、 they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】c【答案解析】对应点为What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了 转化，最高级代替

13、了比拟级。第26题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to.

14、 If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should.A、change his

15、 energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】c答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思, 作出正确判断。本段开头说，虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你 的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作12 用。最后两句又说， ”.rise before your usual hour.work better at your low point. （如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要

16、在上午做，那么 你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得 更好。）因此选项C是正确答案。第27题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes,caused me to arrive late.A、itB、 thatC、whatD、which【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分 钟，这使得我到达晚了。第28题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】For any given task in Britain there are more men

17、 than are needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be

18、obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions?A、 Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.B、More jobs will be created by the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、The unions w川 try to increase productivity.【正确答案】c【答案解析本段开头告诉读者th

19、ere are more men than are needed.when two13unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two, 接 下来作者又进一步说明其实质,即它意味着33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained。第29题【单项选择题】2009.01 You should help them when your friends quarrel with each

20、 other.A、come into sightB、come to termsC、come into playD come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表示进入（某种状态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协、；C开始运作；D.上台，开始掌权。第30题【单项选择题】2009.01 Modern economics the countrys agricultural policies.A、undergoesB、understandsC、underliesD、undertake

21、s【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。句意：现代经济学是国家农业政策的基础。考 查形近动词词义。A经历，经受；B 了解；C成为的基础；D承当，保证。第31题【单项选择题】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.14A、stimulatedB、perceivedC obscuredD、simplified【正确答案】D（答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析1 此题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】动词的词义选取。第32题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Desp

22、ite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌

23、握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说“儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。此处solely的表述是错误的。第33题【单项选择题】阅读选择It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry t

24、hat shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a. m. one week, 8 am to 4pm the next, and 4 pm to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working n

25、or sleeping very efficiently.ln the last sentence of the15paragraph, zzanother/, means.A、another routineB、another shiftC、another weekD、another person【正确答案】A【答案解析】another （另一个）之后省略了 routine 一词。第34题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, fun

26、ction and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are

27、 an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability.A、t

28、o create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC to make food from inorganic chemicalsD、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第35题【单项选择题】2008.04 The vehicle was traveling at speeds 90 miles per hour.A、in addition to16B、i

29、n view ofC、in excess ofD、in search of【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A. 除之外、例外；B.由看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第36题【单项选择题】2010.04 The student described the beautiful mountains and rivers in hishome town.A、artificiallyB、vividlyC、criticallyD viciously【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词的词义辨析。这个学生生动地描述了他的家乡美丽的 山河。第

30、37题【单项选择题】2007.04 The central theatre has a seating of more than 3, 000 people.A、capabilityB、capacityC、abilityD、facility【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。ability主要指天赋的能力或应用知识的才能， 应该是属于那种已经具备并开展较快的能力。如He has unusual ability in science。 capability与ability不同的是,它不仅能用于人,也可用于物，如:Electronic17 refinements, however, hav

31、e greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the older electrical devices, capacity指容纳或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。 如The hall has a seating capacity of 500。根据句意，此题应该选 capacityo第38题【单项选择题】阅读选择Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an

32、idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their

33、 feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adult/s reaction to r

34、hythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正确答案】c【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾局部As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm”。作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大， 大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反响，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反响, 更可能受到抑制。第39题【单项选择题】2009.7 The wounded soldiers would reco

35、ver quickly if they were well.A、nourishedB stuffed18C tamedD、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文如果受伤的战士营养很好，他们就会很快痊愈。【试题分析】 过去分词意义区分题。【详细解答】A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛 兽）；D冒险第40题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB、set backC、set asideD、set up【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她

36、把其他事情都放到一边，集中精 力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于之后、延迟； C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第41题【单项选择题】2009.04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、 thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析: 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。19 forms of

37、 compensation to employees.Which of the following statements is true according to the paragraph?A、 GNP equals national income plus indirect business taxes.B、GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirect business taxes.C、Personal income is regarded as the total money income received b

38、y an individual after his or her taxes are paid.D、 The money that goes for capital consumption is not regarded as income.【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题的依据是本段的The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income.这个句子。对原句的词语选项 D 用了别的表达方法，但大意仍保持不变。第3题【单项选择题】You were brave e

39、nough to raise objections at the meeting. Well, now I regret that.A、to doB、to be doingC、to have doneD、having done【正确答案】D【答案解析】regret后所跟动词有to do与doing两种形式，不定式表示为做某 事而遗憾，doing表示为做过某事而后悔。having done那么更强调动作已发 生而无法挽回。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant fu

40、ture, their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide.Q: The2第42题【单项选择题】She was be unable to speak.A、such angry as toB、so angry as toC、as angry as toD、angry so as to【正确答案】B【答案解析】SO+形容词+ast。

41、表示如此生气以至于，第43题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics., That is at least as important as how much we know.A、Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships w

42、ith family members and friends.B、 He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.C、 Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.D、In his opinion, success in life dep

43、ends mainly on how we get along with other people.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代词we在D中才有呼应的代词，而且在文章最后出现观 点句是通常论述文的开展特点，因此判断D正确。第44题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Now, there are about 24 million microcomputers in use in the United Statesone for every 10 citizens. It is estimated that by 1996, 61 percent ofAmerican managers will b

44、e using some sort of electronic work station.Q: At present 20about 10% of American citizens possess a microcomputer.A、TrueB FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本段一开头就说到目前在美国大约有二千四百万台微型 电子计算机在使用中，平均每十人就拥有一台。因此此题的表述是正确的。第45题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】People suspected that Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted t

45、o kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the na

46、nny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of LucansC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。因果关系题。对照本段People suspected thatLucky, as he was called by friends, want

47、ed to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake.本来是 要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。答案选C。第46题【单项选择题】Now many major employers are beginning to demand the completion ofschool.A、more than21B、rather thanC、other than D better than

48、 【正确答案】A 【答案解析】more than：多于，不只。句意：现在很多雇主开始不仅仅要求学 业的完成。第47题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problem