2022年高中英语语法-冠词讲解及练习 .docx

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1、精品_精品资料_冠词用法一. 不定冠词的用法1. 表泛指,表首次提到的、不限定的人或物.There is a book on the desk.2. a/an+ 单数 n.表类别,指一类人或事物.A horse is a useful animal.3. 表one, a certain, every, the same I ll return in a day or two.A Mr. White is waiting for you downstairs.The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day. They are

2、nearly of an age.4. 用在抽象名词前,a + 抽象名 词,即抽象名词详细化.如：This little girl is a joy to her parents. It is a pleasure to talk with you.It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. a surprise/success/failure5. 与物质名词连用,表示“一种,一阵、一份”.What a heavy rain.What a good supper.Please give me a black coffee.6. 在同位语中,常用a/

3、an+ n. oneMike and Lucy, a newly married couple, had a happy honeymoon in Paris.7. 用在某些固定词组中 .after a while过了一会儿all of a sudden突然as a rule 通常as a result 结果,因此as a matter of fact 事实上as a whole 大体上at a loss 不知所措in a hurry赶忙in a way在某种程度上in a word总而言之put an end to结束 come to an end 终止come to a conclusio

4、n 得出结论 have a good time 玩得开心 have a rest 休息一下 have a cold 感冒have a word with和谈一谈 make a living谋生 make a fire 生火 make a fool of愚弄 take a walk a knowledge of, a understanding of, a collection of8. 不定冠词的特别位置1 as/so/too/how/however+ adj.+ a/an+ 单数 n.So short a time.Too long a distance.2 what/such/half+

5、a/an+ 单数 n.I have never seen such an animal.二. 定冠词的用法1. 表特指的人或物Look at the blackboard.There is a book on the desk. The book is an English book.2. the+The horse is a useful animal.3. 表世界上独一无二的事物,但假设此类名词前有修饰成分,也可用a/an the sun, the earth, the moon, the sky, the universea full moonbut: in nature, in spa

6、ce, in society, in history可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_4. 用在一般名词构成的专出名词前以及江、河、湖、海、山川、群岛的名词前.the United States, the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the Rocky Mountains,5. 用在序数词、形容词最高级、only, very, same 前.the second story, the largest room, the third longest river但： 1a/an+序数词表 “又一,再一 ”. the+序数词表排序 “第一,其次 . ”W

7、ould you give me a second chance.2 a most +adj. 最高级 :very, the most +adj. 最高级表 “最 . ”a most beautiful picture= a very beautiful picture6. 用在方位名词前on the left, in the east / west7. 用在形容词或分词前表示一类人,作主语谓语用复数.the poor / rich / dying / young / living / wounded8. 表“按运算 ”by the yard/the dozen/the month/the d

8、ay/the week/ton但： by sizeby timeby weight9. 在姓氏复数形式前,表示全家人或夫妇二人.The Smiths are sitting at the breakfast table10. 西洋乐器名词前Do you like to play the piano or the violin.11. 在表示创造物的单数名词前加定冠词The compass was invented in China four thousand years ago.12. 岁月,朝代前In the 1870 s/1870s, the Tang Dynasty13. 动词 +sb.

9、+介词 +the+身体部位He hit him in the face.beat sb. on the nose, take sb. by the arm, pat sb. on the head14. the+比较级表两者中 “较 .的”, a+比较级表 “一个更 .的” He is the taller of the two boys.I don t like the bike. I want a better one.15. 用在一些习惯用语中.如：all the same 仍旧 all the time始终all the year round 一年到头 at the age of 在

10、岁时 at the beginning of起初 ; 开头 at the end of 在 的终点 /末尾16. 定冠词位置定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前,但放在exactly, just, all, both ,double,half ,twice 等词之后,名词之前.All the students in the class went out.班里的全部同学都出去了三. 不用冠词的情形 零冠词 1. 专出名词前China , America, John,2. 可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词全部格限制时This book is mine.3. 季节、月份、星期、节日、一日三

11、餐名称前spring, summer, autumn / fall, winter, Sunday, October, National Day but: in the spring ofthat year,I met him on a Mondaylast month.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_We had a wonderful supper.4. 称呼语,表示头衔的名词作表语、补足语及同位语时What s this, Mother.He was made monitor.George W. Bush is president of the USA.5. 学科名词,球

12、类、棋类名词前Do you study mathematics.He likes playing football / chess.6. 不行数名词、复数名词表泛指前Water is very important.Computers are widely used in our daily life.7. 在与 by连用的交通工具名称前by car bus, train, water, air, land8. 某些固定词组中day and night, brother and sister, hour after hour, here and there9. as引导的让步状语从句中,作表语的

13、名词不带冠词.Child as she is, she knows a lot of French.10. 系动词 turn作 “变成 ”解后作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词.The young girl has turned writer.= The young girl has become a writer11. no 与such连用时应放在 such之前, such后面的名词不用冠词.No such thing has ever happened in this village12. man “人类”nature “自然”前不用冠词.13. 常见纯不行数名词,不与a/an 连用.fu

14、n,weather, advice, progress, baggage, luggage, furniture,equipment, space, health, wealth, word=news, information, luck留意：有无冠词的区分at table 在进餐at the table 在桌子旁边at desk 在读书at the desk 在课桌旁at school 在上学at the school 在学校里in class 在上课in the class 在班级里面in bed 卧床in the bed 在床上in prison坐牢in the prison因事在监狱i

15、n hospital住院in the hospital因事在医院go to school去上学go to the school 因事去学校go to bed 上床睡觉go to the bed 在床上go to hospital去看病go to the hospital去医院take place 发生take the place 代替in place of代替in the place of在.的的方in case of 万一in the case of 就.来说out of question毫无疑问out of the question完全不行能可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_

16、1. He missedgold in the high jump, but will getsecond chance in the long jump.A. the; theB. 不填 ; aC. the; aD. a; 不填2. Carl is studyingfood science at college and hopes to open upmeat processing factory of his own one day.A. / . aB. /. theC. the ; aD. the ; the3. Sam has been appointedmanager of the

17、engineering department to takeplace of George. A./,/B. the,/C the; theD./, the4. Sarah looked atfinished painting withsatisfaction.A. 不填. aB. a; theC. the; 不填D. the; a5. Being able to afforddrink would becomfort in those tough times.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; 不填D.不填; a6. The Smiths don t usually like s

18、taying at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel bysea.A. /; aB. the; theC. /; theD. the; a7.I woke up withbad headache, yet byevening the pain had gone.A. the; theB. the; anC. a; theD. a; an8. We are said to be living inInformation Age,time of new discoveries and great c

19、hanges.A. an; theB. 不填 ; theC. 不填 ; aD. the; a9. The development of industry has beengradual process throughouthuman existence, from stone tools to modern technology.A. 不填 ; theB. the; aC. a; 不填D. a; a可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_10. The “ ChineseDream” isdream to improvepeople wsell -being and harmony,

20、peace and development.A. the; aB. a; aC. a; theD. the; the11. Animals are obviouslylower form of life thanman.A. a ; /B. the ; theC. a ; theD. / ; /12. It wascold winter night and the moon was shining brightly acrossnight sky.A. 不填. aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; 不填dream of可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_13. Ma

21、rco Polo is said to have sailed onPacific Ocean on his way to Java inthirteenth century.A. the; aB. a; /C. /; theD. the; the14. India attainedindependence in 1947, afterlong struggle.A. 不填 ;aB. the; aC. an;不填D. an; the15. People developpreference for a particular style of learning atearly age and th

22、ese preferences affect learning.A. a; anB. a; 不填C. 不填 ; theD. the; an16. The parents were shocked bynews that their son neededoperation on his knee.A. a;/B. the; /C. the; anD. a; an17. Four andhalf hours of discussion took us up to midnight,andbreak for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.A. a; aB.

23、 the; theC.不填. theD. a; 不填18. They chose Tom to becaptain of the team, because they knew he wassmart leader.A. a; theB.the; theC. the; aD. a; a19. village where I was born has grown intotown.A. The; aB.A; theC. The; theD. A; a20. Life is likeocean: onlystrong-willed can reach the other shore.A. an;

24、theB. the; aC. the ./D. / ; a21. The paper is due next month , and I am working seven daysweek ,often long intonight.A a; theB the; 不填C a; aD不填. the22. I cant tell youway to the Wilsons because we dont haveWilson here in the village.A. the; aB. a; /C. a; theD. the; /可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_CADCBCCDCBABDAACACAAAA可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载