非限制性定语从句 学案 2023届高考英语一轮复习.docx

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1、定语从句限定性定语从句1一、定语从句由来：1 . My sister bought me a book last month. I lost the book .I lost the book which my sister bought me2 .The man is standing by the window. He is my father.The man who is standing by the window is my father. 二、定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 三、特点：1.先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词；3 .引导词：包括关系代词和关系副词

2、。位于先行词和定语从句之间。 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as代指先行词，可作主语、宾语、定语、 作表语。关系副词：when, where, why作状语。四、关系代词的一般用法who指人，在从句中做主语.(l)The boy who is playing football is my neighbour.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.1. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1) Mr. Liu is the teacher (whom) they talked ab

3、out this morning .在口语中也可以用who代替whom.(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my boyfriend.2. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)(2) This isn5t the dictionary (which) he lent to me yesterday. ( which 在句子中做 宾语)that指人时,相当于who或者whom；指物时,相当于wh

4、ich(1) The guests that will visit our school will arrive at 10 oclock.(在句子中做主 语,也可用who)(2) I lost my new phone that my father bought for my birthday .(在句子中做宾 语,也可用which)*用that不用which的几种情况：先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，用that不用which引导。先行词为 little , much z all z none , few ,( the )one , something , everything , n

5、othing , anything等不定代词时，用that引导。先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时，用that弓|导。先彳亍词前有 any , all , no , few , every , some , little , much z ( the ) very , (the ) only , ( the ) last 等词修饰时，用 that 引导。3. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) The old man lived in an old house whose windo

6、ws were broken .关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时，介词可放于从句之首。This is the book (that/which) you ask for.(作宾语，可省略)=This is the book for which you ask.Do you know the person (whom/who/that) I shook hands with?=Do you know the person with whom I shook hands ?(有两种情况：1介词+ which ; 2介词+ whom)五、练习(一)请划出定语从句，并标出先行词，然后翻译。1. Th

7、is is the story book which you borrowed from me.2. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.3. Mr. Green said that Suzhou was the first city that he had visited in China.4. Maths is the subject in which I am most interested.5. The one whom you are talking about is my neighbour.6. The p

8、rofessor with whom the headmaster is talking is from Fudan University.7. Youd better write something youre interested in .8. I recognized the girl whose story was reported on TV .9. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.10. The injured boy whose mother was killed in the a

9、ccident was taken to the nearest hospital.11. I cant remember the name of the person to whom I gave the money.12. The earthquake that killed over 80.000 people turned many towns and counties into ruins.13. People who like junk food are more likely to die from heart disease than those who have health

10、y eating.14. Fishermen, tourists ,hotels, homes and cars were swept away by huge waves which were caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.15. Wenchuan, the county which was completely destroyed and then completely rebuilt, has become a symbol of the Chinese spirit of never gi

11、ving up.（二）、用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whoseI have a daughter has just started senior high school.1. Complete the table with words you hear.2. He took away everything belonged to him.3. There is no person is always in the right.4. The storybook I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.5. A clock

12、 is a machine tells people the time.6. I saw some trees leaves were black because of the polluted air.7. The earthquake hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.8. That teacher with you talked comes from our school.9. A dictionary is a book in we can look up words .10. They were well

13、 trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.（2019 浙江）12.In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike.（2020 全国）13.The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the specieslive within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. （2022 全国 I 卷）Key:l,who/that 2.that/which 3.that 4.who/that 5.that/which 6.that/which 7.whose8.that/which 9.whom 10.which 11.who/that 12.whose 13. that