非谓语动词过去分词.docx

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1、bikanghong（四）过去分词：过去分词只有一种形式：规那么动词由动词原形加词尾ed 构成。不规那么动词的过去分词没有统一的规那么要求，要一 一记住。过去分词的句法功能：1 .过去分词作定语：Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我 们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。Those as committee members will attend themeeting.中选为委员的人将出席这次会。注意当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去 分词短语，就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一 个被动语态的 O.过去分词作表语：T

2、he window is. 窗户破了。They were at the sad sight他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。注意：be+过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表 示被动的动作是被动语态。区别：The window is broken.（系表）The window was broken by the boy.（被动）the changed world （变了的世界）练习1 .more attention,the trees could have grown better.A .To give B.Having given C.Given D.Giving.The first tex

3、tbooks for teaching English as a foreignlanguage came out in the 16th century.A.to be written B.written C.being written D.having written.The missing boys were last seen near the river.A.to play B.play C.to be playing D.playingn thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.To lose B.Lost C.Ha

4、ving lost D.Losing.When passing me he pretended me.A.to see B.not having seen C.to have not seen D.not to haveseen5 .The children insisted there on foot.A.they going B.they would go C.on their going D.going.He still remembers to Shanghai when he was veryyoung.A.taking B.being taken C.taken D.having

5、taken.the railway station,we had a break,only thetrain had left.A.Arriving at;to find B ing to;discovering thatC.On arriving at;finding out D.Hurrying to;to have foundout6 .With the boy the way,we had no trouble theway to Zhongshan Park.A.leading;finding;leading B.to lead;found;to leadC.led;finding;

6、led D.leading;found;led这类过去分词有：gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed 等。3 .过去分词作宾语补足语：I heard the song several times last week.上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语：With the work, they went out to play.工作做完了， 他们出去玩去了。4 .过去分词作状语：by the neighbours, he became the pride of his paren

7、ts.受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。（表示原 因）Once, it can never be forgotten.一旦它被看见, 人 们就忘不了。（表示时间）more time, 111 be able to do it better,如果给予更 多的时间，我能做得更好。（表示条件）Though of the danger, he still risked his life to savethe boy.虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩 子。（表示让步）with hopes and fears, he entered the cave.心中充 满了希望与恐惧，他走进山洞。10

8、.these pictures,! couldn t help thinking of those days when I was in Being and from the top of athirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more beautiful.A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen11.1 can hardly imagine Peter across the AtlanticOcean in five days.A.to have sailed B.to sail

9、C.sailing D.sail2.If you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air against your face.A.moved B.moving C.moves D.to move3.is known to all,China will be an andpowerful country in 20 or 30 years time.A.That;advancing B.This;advanced C.As;advanced D.lt;advancing.While shopping,people som

10、etimes can t help intobuying something they don t really need.A.persuade B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded.There was terrible noise the sudden burst of light.A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed.Please excuse my in without.A e;permitted B ing;permitted C img;being per

11、mitted D.to come;being permitted.his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting then.A.Holding;being held B.Held;holding C.Havingbikanghongheld;held D.Held;to be held.Did you hear her this pop song this time theother day?Yes,and I heard this song in English.A.sing;singing B.sun

12、g;sung C.sung;singing D.singing;sung 19.The question now at the meeting is not thequestion yesterday.A.discussed;discussed B.discussing;had discussed C.being discussed;discussed D.discussing;discussing2O.With the cooking,1 went on some sewing.A.done;to do B.being done;doing C.to be done;doing D.to h

13、ave done;doingt is no use your past mistakes.A. regretting B. regret C. to regret D. regretted22.Her husband died in 1980 and had nothing toher,only her five children.A.left;to leave B.leaving;leaving C.leaving;left D.left;leaving23.1 am very busy.l have a very difficult problem.A.to work B.to work

14、out C.to be worked out D.to work it out24.1 would appreciate back this affernoon.A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.you, re calling 25.Climbing mountains was,so we all felt.A.tiring;tired B.tired;tiring C.tiring;tiring D.tired;tired26.1 saw some villagers on the bench at the end of theroom.A.

15、seating B.seat C.seated D.seated themselves27.She was glad to see her child well care of.A.take B.to be taken C.taken D.taking 28.lt is one of the important problems tomorrow.A.to solve B.to be solved C.solved D.solving 29.maps properly,you need a special pen. A.Drawn B.Drawing C.To draw D.Be drawin

16、g3O.There is a river around our school.A.to run B.run C.running D.to be running31.How about the two of us a walk down the garden?A.to take B.take C.taking D.to be taken1 was fortunate to pick up a wallet on the groundon the way back home, but unfortunately for mej found my colour TV set.when I got h

17、ome.A.lying;stolen B.laying;stealing C.lay;stolen D.lying;stealing 33.Whth the kind-hearted boy me with my work msure I II be able to spare time with your work.A.to help;help you out B.helping;helping you C.helped;to help you out D.to help;to help you.Greatly movedd by her words,.A.tears came to his

18、 eyes B .he could hardly hold back his tearsC. tears could hardly be held back D. his eyes were filled with tears.34 .1 hope the children won t touch the dog.1，ve warned them.A.not B.not to C.not touch D.not do36.1 would love to the party last night but I had towork extra hours to finish a report.A.

19、to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone 37.When why he walked in without permission,he juststared at us and said nothing.A.been asked B.asked C.asking D.to be asked 38.The man kept silent in the room unless.A.spoken to B.spoke to C.spoken D.to speak 39.He was often listened in the next room.A.sin

20、g B.sung C.to sing D.to to sing40.Rather than on a crowded bus,he always prefersa bicycle.A.ride;ride B.riding;ride C.ride;to ride D.to ride;riding 41.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to42.What, s troubling them is eno

21、ugh experiencedworkers.A.that they have to B.they have not C.their not having D.not their having43.his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.A.Not knowing B.Knowing not C.Not having knownD.Having not know44.Bamboo is used houses in some places .A.to build B.to building

22、C.to be built D.being built 45.Go on the other exercise after you have finishedthis one.A.to do B.doing C.with D.to be doing 46.The day we looked forward to.A e B ing C.has come D.have come 47.Whom would you rather the work?A.to have to do B.to have do C.have to do D.have do 48.Do you think it any g

23、ood with him again?A.to talk B.talking C.to talking D.having talked 49.Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before.A.accepting fully B.being fully accepted C.fully accepting D.fully being accepted5O.The government forbids such bad books.A.published B.to publish C.publish D.publishing 考前须

24、知. “to”是不定式符号还是介词，以下短语中的to都 是介词。agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to , equal to, familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to,bikanghongnext to , belong to , be used to , look forward to.带to还是不带toI have no choice but to give in I cannot do anything but give in I saw him enter

25、the classroom .( 但是： He was seen to enter the classroom .) 3.动词不定式逻辑主语是由for作为标记的。但是有时 用of.Its necessary for you to study hard .Its foolish of him to do it.与 of 连用的形容词有：good, kind , nice , wise clever, foolish , right, wrong , careful, careless , polite , possible 4.后接不定式作宾语的动词有:want, hope , wish , l

26、ike, begin , try, need , forget, agree , know, promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail, manage, offer, prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接做介词的宾 语，而耍用it做形式宾语。例如：通常不说We think to obey the laws is important. 而说 We think it impor

27、tant to obey the laws.5.不定式的省略。以下短语中，如果意义明确，常常省略 到tO Owant to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to, plan to / try to, love to , have to , ought to , need to, used to , be able to 6.不定式作定语，应注意两种关系： 1)动宾关系：He has a lot of meeting to attend .Please lend me something to write with .He is looking for a

28、 room to liveHe is looking for a room to live in .He has no money and no place to live (in ).I think the best way to travel ( by ) is on foot.There is no time to think ( about).2)主谓关系：She is always the last ( person) to speak at the meeting .-r m going to the post office, for I have a letter to post

29、.(逻辑主语是I)Thank you. But I have no letters to be posted now (逻辑主语不是I).不定式作状语，可以有以下几种意义：1)原因He is lucky to get here on time .这种结构中常用的形容词有:happy, glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager, anxious . lucky, fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready, clever, foolish, worthy

30、2)目的He came to help me with my maths .3)结果I hurried to get there only to find him out. The book is too hard for the boy to read . He is old enough to go to school.7 .不定式作补足语I saw him play in the street just now .能跟不带to的不定式作补足语的动词有：see, feel, hear, listen to , look at, watch , let, have make, observe

31、, notice注：当这些词为被动式时，不定式要带to,如： He was seen to play in the street just now.动名词There s no telling what will happen . 二It s impossible to tell what will happen . =No one can tell what will happen .1. It s no use talking with him .It s no good speaking to them like that.2. There s some difficulty (in )

32、doing 在此句型中,difficulty可以由以下单词替换:trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time 注意以下几个问题：1.以下动词后跟不定式与跟动名词作宾语意义有区别， forget to do forget doing* remember to do-remember doing mean to do mean doing regret to do regret doing can t help to do can t help doing try to do . try doing learn to

33、do learn doing stop to do stop doing go on to do go on doing used to do be used to doing 2.动名词的逻辑主语：动名词的逻辑主语为代词或名词的所有格形式。 例如：His coming made us very happy .3 .动名词的语态和时态.动名词主动形式表被动的情况：need doing , want doing , require doing例如：This room needs.这个房间需要粉刷。 三.分词1 The story is. T m in it.这个故事有兴趣，我对这个故事感兴趣。2

34、 . This is a moving film .这是一部动人的电影。3 . The secretary worked late into the night,a long speech for the president .秘廿工作到深夜，为主席准备一篇 长篇演讲稿。4 .more time , T II do it well .如果给我多一点时间， 我会做的更好。When he passed the back of the street, he saw the thiefbikanghongsome money from the bank.当他后街时，看到小偷 正从银行偷钱。应注意的几个

35、问题：1 .现在分词与过去分词的区别Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?=Do you know the woman?The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.二 The soldier has become a doctor.China is a country and America is a country.2 .分词作表语The news sounds.They got very.1)现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别： The news is.He is in the news .2)表语

36、与被动式的区别：The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming .(强调动作)The blackboard is broken . You d better have it repaired.(强调 状态)3 .现在分词、现在进行时的区别The situation in our country is encouraging .(表语) The situation in our country is encouraging the people .(现在进行时).注意的四种结构:have something to do have something done hav

37、e somebody do something have something doing.需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词： seat, prepare , hide , dress 如：I seated myself on the chair.I was seated on the chair.4 .分词做状语与不定式的区别：分词做状语表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式、伴 随等；而不定式表示目的和结果。Having finished the homework , I went home .Being a Party member, I should work hard .Given more ti

38、me J can do my work better.He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy.To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder.He is old enough to join the army .5 .不定式被动式、分词的被动式和过去分词的区别：I have a problem to be discussed at the meetingThe building being built on the river is the ScienceMuseum .Th

39、e building completed three years ago is now in bad conditions.分词与句子主语的逻辑关系Seeing from the hill, the city looks beautiful .() Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful. () Seeing与the city不是主谓关系；seen与city是动宾关系 练习I .单项选择1 .Most of the people to the party were famousscientists.A. invited B. to invite

40、 C. being invited D. inviting.many times, but he still couldn t understand it.A. Having being told B. Though had been told C. He was toldD. Having told3. She reached the top of the hill and stopped on a bigrock by the side of the path .A.to have rested B. testing C. to rest D. restThe next morning s

41、he found the man in bed , dead .A. lying B. lie C. lay D. layingThe purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, it more difficult.A. to make B. not to make C. not making D. to not make. The Olympic Games ,in 776 B.C., did not include women plays until 1912 .A. first playing B.to be first pla

42、yed C. first played D. to be first playing.-You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well, now I regret that.A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with talks, that he had enjoyed his stay here .A. having added B. to

43、add C. adding D. added.a reply, he decided to write again .A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D.Having not receivedlO.The speaker raised his voice, but he still couldn t make himself.A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heardII.用动词的正确形式填空Little Tom should love(take ) to the theatre

44、 this evening.1. Paul doesn t have to be made(learn ). He always works hard .2. The computer centre ,( open )last year, is very popular among the students in this school.3. Go on( do ) the other exercise after you have finished this one .4. How about two of us(take ) a walk down the garden .8.分词做状语需要注意的一个问题: