2022年上海电力学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年上海电力学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.A、TrueB

2、、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。此处solely的表述是错误的。第2题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC whenD、that【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第3题【单项选择题】B、

3、a citizen scientist C a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词 的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第20题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world. It was called Incidents of Travel in Central America， Chiapas and Yucatan”. The author John Loud Stephens had just retur

4、ned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico and Guatemala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the remains of a lost civilization known as the Mayas（玛雅）.Very little was known about the Mayas at

5、 that time, but Catherwoods drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples, pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deserted. The inhabitants（居民） had disappeared almost a thousand years before.Stephens book a

6、stonished the world because.A、 it was the first time people heard about Mayas.B、the Mayas were excellent builders and farmers.C、 he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization.D、 it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据问题中的关键词astonished,

7、把本问题定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概 括就得出正确答案：Do第21题【单项选择题】10The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.A、aliveB lifeC、liveD、lively【正确答案】c【答案解析】题目意思：中央电视台现场直播了这场排球比赛。此题是词义选择 题。A活的，活跃的 B生活，生命C以现场直播方式D活跃的，热烈的第22题【单项选择题】2008.04 The farming methods have been

8、improved with the invention ofthe new machine.A、efficientlyB、proficientlyC、professionallyD、intentionally【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】由于新机器的创造，人们已经高效率地改进了农业耕种方 法。【试题分析】此题考查副词词义辨析。回【详细解答】A高效率地 B熟 练地 C职业地、专职地 D故意地、有意地。第23题【单项选择题】2007.04 The book fair has received a positive from readers.A、resultB、 responseC、settle

9、mentD、solution【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。11 settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解决；解答。根据句意,应该选responseo a positive response： 良好的反映。第24题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly d

10、ue to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nation/s health care system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解

11、析】答案选C。问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度J 而本段只是说女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势”，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第25题【单项选择题】2008.04 Fish is and expensive at this time of the year in this area.A、in large measureB、to the minimumC、in short supplyD、to the maximum【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。这个地区在一年中的这个时候鱼的供应不 足，

12、价格昂贵。in short supply：缺货、供货缺乏。第26题【单项选择题】12【阅读选择】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying

13、up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morni

14、ng, he should.A、change his energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思, 作出正确判断。本段开头说，虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你 的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。”最后两句又说，”.rise before your usual hour.work better at your low point.

15、 （“如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么 你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得 更好。）因此选项C是正确答案。第27题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are

16、a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to.A、the persistence of heavy metalsB、industrially polluted soils13C、naturally polluted soilsD

17、 rock and soil chemistry【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金属，而且重金属很稳定，不容 易降解，所以要对重金属进行彻底的清除。答案选择A。第28题【单项选择题】概括大意The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is zzLetting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, b

18、ut not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in the garden/The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Different Kinds of Gardens.B、Kinds of Plants in s Home GardenC The Most Important Point in Fami

19、ly GardeningD、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们的想象力和鉴 赏力。所以答案为C。第29题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated th

20、at 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between privileged and disadva

21、ntaged children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal14 stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Two Major Changed View of IntelligenceB Many of the differences in measured intelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Impact

22、on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches,而选项 C 中的 Main Results 只不 过是major findings的另一种说法而已。第30题【单项选择题】2007.04 If the operation carefully prepared, it would not have beensuccessful.A、was notB、has not beenC、had not beenD、were not【正

23、确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查虚拟语气。主句是对过去的虚拟，所以根据句意，条件状 语从句也应该是对过去的虚拟，所以用had done的形式。句意:如果手术没有 经过认真仔细的准备，它就不会成功。第31题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket （板球）,Q: Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket

24、.A、TrueB、False15C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题对应的语句为:the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket,因此是正确的。第32题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that youre hot. Thats true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body

25、temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as: Get up, John ! You,ll be late for work again! The possible explanation to the trouble is

26、that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?A、Unawareness of energ

27、y cycles.B、Familiar monologues.C、 A change in a family members energy cycle.D Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题的关键是看懂本段的最后一句(即：Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the fam

28、ily has.),同时联系本段的第四句和第五句(即：For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. )的意思。该句的直接意思是如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量周期是怎么 回事，以及家庭每个成员有什么样的周期，很多家庭争吵就会停止。也就是说， 家庭争吵的发生是因为丈夫和妻子不了解能量周期是怎么回事，更谈不上了解每 个家庭成员有什么样的能量周期了。因此A项：Unawareness of energy cycles(不16知道能量周期）应是正确答案。第33

29、题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes,caused me to arrive late.A、itB、 thatC、whatD、which【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分 钟，这使得我到达晚了。第34题【单项选择题】【I闻读选择】But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself ever

30、y day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the bodys clock were handled through the sa

31、me pathways that we use to see.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs?A、Our biological clock resets itself automatically.B、Light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock.C、 Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset aut

32、omatically.D、Our internal clock, like the alarm clock, can be reset.【正确答案】c【答案解析】是非判断题,根据第五自然段首句But just like （和.一样）your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.代词 it 指代 biological17clock,不是选项

33、internal clock和alarm clock都可以自动调节。得到答案为C。A D我们的生物钟自动调节。B光线通过我们的眼睛调节生物钟，与原文一致。第35题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、 secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为.投保，给保险；D平安的，没有

34、危险的第36题【单项选择题】2009.01 You should help them when your friends quarrel with each other.A、come into sightB、come to termsC、come into playD、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表示进入（某种状态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协；C开始运作；D,上台，开始掌权。第37题【单项选择题】A good worker in a key spot c

35、ould, so as he kept up production, take all the18 coffee breaks he wanted.A、longB、shortC、muchD、little【正确答案】A【答案解析】so long as：只要。是固定搭配。第38题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very o

36、ld, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and Nulled all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take ca

37、re things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt.A、sadB、disappointedC、horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness 和regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。应选A。第39题【单项选择题】2010.04 There is something wrong with my

38、mobile phone. I must have it.A、repairB、to repair19【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home.Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school: , For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading abo

39、ut climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears (北极熊),and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that p

40、ublic schools teach the correct religious values.B、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D Critics also say that most parents are not well qualifi

41、ed to teach their children. 【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第4题【单项选择题】It makes good to bring an umbrella; it seems to be raining today.A、 senseB、reasonC、suggestionD、advice【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】今天天气看起来要下雨了，因此带着伞是合情合理的。【试 题分析】短语意义区分题。回【详细解答】A . to make (good) sense 很有意义、 合乎情理的、明智的B原因 C建议

42、D劝告第5题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. ValuableC、repairingD、repaired【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。选择过去分词作宾语补语，表示被动 以及动作的完成。【译文】我的手机有毛病了，我一定要修好它（手机）。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 Many researchers,

43、whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels （分贝）.They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?A、 They

44、 will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.B、 They will protect animals from harmful noises.C、They w川 try to set a limit of 120 decibels.D、 They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【正确答案】B【答案解析】They will protect animals from harmful noises.本段的最后一句话是 答案的出处。第41题【单项选择题】填句补文】 Although th

45、e researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are workingA、to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smallerC、to shrink it t

46、o the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds20D、of conducting electricity【正确答案】C【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大， 而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第42题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast Engla

47、nd on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds.Q: During the April 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo题中说2007年4月28日的地震致使全英格兰都停电， 与文中表达的内容不符。文中说地震殃及英格兰东南部的肯特郡局部地区，电力 中断，几千名居民无电可用。the whole England

48、 与 parts of southeast England 是 不符的，所以选B。第43题【单项选择题】He said that the group him a letter and asked him to go there for an interview.A、have writtenB、had writtenC、wroteD、would write【正确答案】B【答案解析】写信给他应该发生在他说话之前，也就是过去的过去，用过去完21成时。第44题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea,