高中英语高考英语名词常考题型例题及答案第d8455期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考题型例题及答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors, he has high for medical professionals and theirwork.A. regardB. attitudeC. establishmentD. wisdom2、Americans eat vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A. more than twiceB. twice as many asC. as twice as

2、 manyD. more than twice as many3 Zhanguimeis selfless to the cause of education is well known, and all her students respect and love her.A. faultB. complexityC. devotionD. agony4、The offers a wide choice of hotels, apartments and holiday homes.A. disasterB. pathC. brochureD. personality5 We have mov

3、ed into a three-room flat so far. Our room is between.A. Maryzs and HelensB. Mary and HelensC. Mary and HelenD. Mary*s and Helen6、The organization has grown enormously since its in 1955.A. libertyB. divisionC. appointmentD. foundationIf we had taken such effective much earlier, the river would not b

4、e polluted so seriously now.A. treasuresB. effortsC. measuresD. concerns8、are kept on the firm for their meat or milk.A. 200 head cattleB. 200 head of cattleC. 200 head cattlesD. 200 heads of cattle 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们班就是否减少家庭作业进行了激烈的辩论。A bargain减价品，廉价货；B.contest比赛,竞赛；C. debate辩论，讨论;D. campaign（有计划的）活动,运

5、动。根据主语为Our class（我们班）” 以及后文“whether to reduce the amount of homework or not（是否要减少作业量）“可知，此处应是一场班级内部 的辩论。应选C项。16、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:太遗憾了,她的建议遭到反对。A.rejection反对;B.expectation期待； C.distinction差异;D.cooperation合作。根据Its a pity that”可知建议遭到反对。应选A。17、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道个好的睡袋是每个露营者必备的装备。A.experiment实验：B.

6、entertainment娱乐；C.equipment装备；D.settlement定居点。睡袋对露营者来说是一件装备，因此空格处 是 equipment, 应选 C。18、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个国家的领导人在友好的气氛中进行了会谈。A. atmosphere气氛；B. adventure 冒险；C. astronomy天文学；D. agriculture农业。在句中构建的情境下，显然只有用atmosphere表示“（友好 的）气氛是合理的。应选A项。19、答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：欢迎所有申请，但有潜水资格者优先。A. waist腰部；B. qualifica

7、tions资格；C. salary薪水;D. leisure休闲。根据前文“All applications welcome”可知,此处指有潜水资格的人。应选B项。20、答案:B解析:10 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我写信是想请你帮我一个忙。A. trunk树干；B. favour帮助：C. concept概念：D.counter 柜台。根据上文m writing to ask you to do me a”指帮某人一个忙，应用 do sb. a favour。应选 B。21、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过仔细的调查，飓风对这所房子的破坏，与邻近的房子相比并不严重，估计为 1000

8、美元。A. effects 影响;B. damage 损害、损坏；C. ruins 废墟;D. crash 撞车。根据was assessed at a reasonable 1000 dollars”可知此处在评估飓风对这所房了的破坏程度，应选B。22、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：女孩通常缺乏自信，而男孩往往高估自己的能力。A. confidence自信；B. challenge 挑战；C. impression 印象：D. intelligence 智力。根据WhRe和boys often overestimate their abilities.可知，男 孩和女孩进行比照，女孩

9、缺乏自信。应选A.23、答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：东西方文化之间有一个明显的差异。A.content内容；B. contrast差异，比照； C.contract合同;D.contact联系。根据the West and East.”可知,东西方文化之间有一个明显的差异。应选B 项。小提示：24、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以勇气和决心与疾病作斗争。A. flood洪水；B. visa签证；C. plate盘子；D.determination决心。根据常识判断可知，和疾病作斗争需要决心和勇气。应选D。25、答案：A解析:11 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天前，这个幸运的人

10、在一系列事故中死里逃生。A. escape逃离；B. claim声称； Clack缺乏；D. limit限制。根据lucky man,此处描述男人是幸运的，所以是男人逃离了事故，A项符合句意, 应选A项。26、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到一群麻雀，爸爸说它们广泛分布在全国各地。A. distribution分布，分发;possession 拥有,持有;C. profession 职业;D. platform 平台。结合空后的“throughout the country可知,此 处指它们分布在全国各地。应选A项。27、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:他因所扮演的角色而获

11、奖。A.award奖；B.permission许可;C.strength优点;D.debt债。根据for the role he played.”可知，他因角色获奖了，应选A。小提刁：28、答案：A解析：考查名词和动词短语辨析。句意：一些骑自行车的人认为交通法规不适用于他们。但事实并非如此。A.assumption 认为；apply to 适用;B. thought 想法;apply to 适用；C. assuming 认为（动名词）；apply for 申请：D. idea想法；apply for申请。根据句意，第一空应填名词assumption认为作宾语，that引导的同位语从 句对其进行

12、解释说明；第二空，表示适用”为固定短语apply to。应选A“29、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都勇敢地拿起武器保卫自己的国家。A. conflict冲突；B. defence保卫；C.content内容;D. represent代表,动词。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考杳短语in defence of,表示保卫,应选Bo1230、答案：C解析：考查名词的数。句意：今天被邀请到这里来是极大的荣幸。分析句子结构可知，这是固定句型ltis/was+名词/ 形容词+动词不定式，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to be invited here,抽象名词honour意为荣幸， 表示

13、具体的事物时候，是可数名词，前面可以用a/an修饰，根据great首字母是辅音音素，因此，应该用a 修饰，即a great honour。应选C项。31、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：河北雄安新区扩建后将占地约200平方公里。A. expectation期待；B. expansion扩 大，扩建；C. exception 例外；D. exhibition 展览。根据上文“cover around 200 square kilometres afte门ts”可知， 表示扩建后将占地约200平方公里，应用expansion。应选32、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为总统的突然离世

14、，整个国家陷入一片混乱。A. chorus合唱队，歌舞队；B.chaos混乱，混沌；C. circle圆圈，周期；D. claim索要、声明。由语意可知，总统突然离世，造成的后果通常 是国家一时无主，所以陷入混乱之中。应选B项。33、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们制造运载工具，把勇敢的人送入太空，探索宇宙的秘密。A. transport运输；B. vehicle车辆，运载工具;C. transportation运输工具。根据to carry brave people into space”可知，他们制造运 载工具将人送入太空。名词vehicle为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。

15、应选D。34、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让团队成员表现得更好，教练首先必须知道他们的长处和缺点。A. strengths13 优点；B. benefits利益；C. values价值;D. manners礼貌。根据后文“and weaknesses”可知指优点、长处和缺点，应用strengths。应选A。35、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:人们普遍认为一本好词典应该定期增加新内容。A. gaps隔阂，代沟；B. length长 度;C. intervals间隔，间歇;D. distance距离。结合句意表达“定期”用at regular intervals。应选C。36

16、、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以想拿多少就拿多少，因为他们是免费的。A.charge费用；B. fare车费；C. money钱；D. pay薪水，工资。根据上文“because they are free of”表示免费短语为free of charge,应选A.37、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，我们看到中国科幻作家的作品赢得了国际奖项。A. consideration 考虑；B. standard标准；C. reward奖励，奖项；D.recognition识别。由语意可知作品赢得了国际奖项。应选C 项。38、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你

17、必须仔细阅读药瓶上的说明，然后服用正确的剂量。A. explanations解释；B. introductions 介绍；C. constrictions 压缩;D. instructions 说明。根据句中take the right amount of medicine”可 推知，要读的是用药说明，instructions常用复数形式，表示“说明，说明书”，符合句意。应选D项。39、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从上下文中理解一个新词或短语的意思是完全可能的。A. context上下文，语境；B accent 口音;C. sense 感觉，意识；D. character 性格。根据

18、句意和句中“understand the meaning of a new14 word or phrase可知，我们应该通过“上下文”理解一个新词或短语的意思，“context”意为上下文，语境，符 合句意。应选A项。40、答案：C解析：考查固定搭配。句意：你的车使用不到一年，所以仍在保修期内。A. boundary边界；B. tailor裁剪；C.guarantee保证;担保;D. arrangement安排。分析句子并结合句意可知,此处为固定搭配under guarantee, 意为“在保修期内。应选C。41答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同，但亳无

19、疑问，西方人认为中国菜很特别。A.attitude态度；B. means方法;C. point观点;D. sight视野,视力。短语attitude towards表示对 的态度” 符合句意。应选A项。42、答案:C解析：考查形容词/名词辨析。句意：如果我们想取得成功或克服路上的困难，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一 面。A. positive积极的；B. advantage优势（名词）；C. negative消极的;D.disadvantage劣势。根据空前的 Mwe shouldnt focus too much on”可知，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一面。应选C*43、答案：C解析：

20、考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任，尽管这并不是他的错。A.gWIt内疚；B.response 答复;C. blame 责任；D. conservation 节约。根据下文“although it was not really his fault.”可知，这 个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任。take the blame for承当.的责任。应选C项。小提示：44、答案：C15 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于干旱和歉收，数百万人正遭受饥饿之苦。A.juniors青少年；B. magnitude巨大; C. drought干旱；D. request要求。根据后文a

21、nd poor harvests”可知，因为干旱和歉收，所以数百万人正遭受 饥饿之苦。应选C。45、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈利波特的作者J.K.罗琳在写作中经历了许多困难。A.car汽车：B. hint暗示; C poster海报;D. author作者。根据句意和常识可知,J.K. Rowling是哈利波特的作者，用名词author, 意为“作者。应选D项。46、答案:C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈是中学老师。她历史教得非常好.A. driver司机；B. dancer舞蹈演员；C. teacher教师;D. writer作家。根据句中She teaches hist

22、ory very well可知,我妈妈历史教得非常好,因此她 是一名教师。应选C项。47、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我错过了这出戏的第一幕。A.scene场景；B.novel小说；C.envelope信封； D.patience耐心。根据of the play”可知,此处指的是戏剧的第一幕,应选A。小提取：48、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给他写了一封信，对他的体贴关怀表示感谢。A. achievement成就；B.agreement同意;C. attention注意力；D. appreciation感谢。结合句意可知,此处是表达对别人体贴的感激,用appreciati

23、on符合题意。应选用1649、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，这是一 个针对学业需求的特定工程。A. comparison 比照；B. accumulation 积累；C. intervention 干预；D. conservation 保护。由When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math”可知,句子表示“当孩子们在阅读或数学等 科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，空格处意为“干预，应选C。50、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和短语。句意：这个工

24、程目标是给农村人提供使用平安饮水的机会。A.access接触；B.passage通道；C.way方式；D.approach方法。根据accessto （使用.的机会）可知空格处填access。应选A。51、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在辩论中，两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反的观点。A.challenge 挑战；B. schedule 计划表；C. opportunity 机会；D. debate 辩论。根据后文“two or more speakers express two or more opposing views”提出两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反

25、的观点，可知是在 辩论中。应选D。52、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是我的好伙伴，我们可以连续谈上几个小时。A. component组成局部；B.committee 委员会；C. community 社区;D. companion 同伴。根据前文“He及后文we can talk for hours on end” 可知，此处指“同伴；伙伴。应选D项。53、答案：A解析:17 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你出去整晚之前应该征得你父母的许可。A. permission许可；B. excitement激动；admission 成认；D. encouragement 鼓励。根据空后befor

26、e you go out for a whole night.可知，因为要外出 待一整晚，所以空处需用名词permission,表示获得父母的许可。应选A。54、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在报纸上登广告寻找摇滚音乐家。A. map地图；B. advertise登广告；C.information信息；D. advertisement广告。由空后“looking for rock musicians”可知,此处表示登广告寻找摇滚音 乐家，不定冠词an后需接名词advertisement。应选D。55、答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴

27、趣，这使得电视成为了家里的一种装饰。A. analysis 分析；B. appetite 兴趣，欲望;C. incident 事件;D. appreciation 欣赏。根据whichmakes TV a decoration of the house”可知,人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，appetite符合题意。应选B。189、The number of the people using Huawei is getting larger and largerA. culturesB. customersC. historiesD. products10、Not knowing what the

28、 future will bring hardly seems a(n)for doing nothing.A. argumentB. resourceC. performanceD. authority11、During the trip to London, what left me the deepest was St. Pauls Cathedral built many years ago.A. impressionB. panicC. resourceD. impact12、His natural and wisdom made him very popular among the

29、 colleagues.A. charityB. chainC. charmD. chart13、Our main task at the moment is to provide a for the survivors of the disaster-hit areas.A. routeB. concernC. shelterD. schedule14、ensures only the fittest survive to pass their genes on to the next generation.A. Virtual realityB. Wearable techC. Field

30、 researchD. Natural selection15、Our class held a fierce as to whether to reduce the amount of homework or not.A. bargainB. contestC. debateD. campaignIts a pity that her suggestion met with.A. rejectionB. expectationC. distinctionD. cooperation17、We all know that a good sleeping bag is a necessary p

31、art of every campers.A. experimentB. entertainmentC. equipmentD. settlement18、The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly.A. atmosphereB. adventureC. astronomyD. agriculture19、All applications welcome, but preference will be given to those with diving.A. waistB. qualificatio

32、nsC. salaryD. leisure 20、Im writing to ask you to do me a.A. trunkB. favourC. conceptD. counter21、After a careful survey, the hurricane of the house, which was not that severe, compared withneighboring ones, was assessed at a reasonable 1000 dollars.A. effectsB. damageC. ruinsD. crash22、While girls

33、in general lack, boys often overestimate their abilities.A. confidences. challengeC. impressionD. intelligence23、There is an obvious between the cultures of the West and East.A. contentB. contrastC. contractD. contact24、He fought against the illness with courage and.A. floodB. visaC. plateD. determi

34、nation25、The lucky man had a narrow in series of accidents the other day.A. escapeB. claimC. lackD. limit26、We saw a flock of sparrows and Dad said that they had a wide throughout the country.A. distributionB. possessionC. professionD. platform27 He received an for the role he played.A. awardB. perm

35、issionC. strengthD. debt28、Some cyclists make the that traffic laws do not them. It is not true, though.A. assumption; apply toB. thought; apply toC. assuming; apply forD. idea; apply for29、They were all brave enough to take up arms in of their country.A. conflicts. defenceC. contentD. representIt w

36、as to be invited here today.A. great honourB. honouringC. a great honourD. honoured31、Xiongan New Area(XNA) in Hebei Province will cover around 200 square kilometres after its.A. expectations. expansionC. exceptionD. exhibition32、The country was thrown into by the Presidents sudden death.A. chorusB.

37、 chaosC. circleD. claim33、They make to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.A. transports. vehicleC. transportationD. vehicles34、To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their and weaknesses.A. strengthsB. benefitsC. valuesD. man

38、ners35、It is generally agreed that new contents should be added to a good dictionary at regular.A. gapsB. lengthC. intervalsD. distance36、You can take as many as you like because they are free of.A. chargeB. fareC. moneyD. pay37、In the past few years, weve seen works by Chinese sci-fi writers winnin

39、g international.A. considerationB. standardC. rewardD. recognition38、You must read the on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanationsB. introductionsC. constrictionsD. instructionsIt is quite possible to understand the meaning of a new word or phrase from the.A. contexts. accent

40、C. senseD. character40、Your car is less than a year old, so it is still under.A. boundaryB. tailorC. guaranteeD. arrangementDespite such a big difference in towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regardthe Chinese food as something special.A. attitudeB. meansC. pointD. sigh

41、tIf we want to achieve success or get over the difficulties on the way, we shouldnt focus too much on the side of our life .A. positiveB. advantageC. negativeD. disadvantage43、The managing director of this department took the for the accident, although it was not really hisfault.A. guiltB. responseC

42、. blameD. conservation、 Millions of people are suffering from starvation as a result of and poor harvests.A. juniorsB. magnitudeC. droughtD. request J.K. Rowling, the of Harry Potter, has gone through many difficulties in her writing.A. carB. hintC. posterD. author46、My mother is in a middle school.

43、 She teaches history very well.A. driverB. dancerC. teacherD. writer47、I missed the first of the play.A. sceneB. novelC. envelopeD. patience48、I wrote him a letter to show my of his thoughtfulness.A. achievementB. agreementC. attentionD. appreciation49、When kids are struggling with subjects like rea

44、ding or math, schools may provide teaching, a specific program to address academic needs.A. comparisonB. accumulationC. interventionD. conservation50、The program is aimed to give the people in the countryside to safe drinking water.A. accessB. passageC. wayD. approach 51、In a, two or more speakers e

45、xpress two or more opposing views.A. challenges. scheduleC. opportunityD. debate52、He is a wonderful of mine and we can talk for hours on end.A. componentB. committeeC. communityD. companion53、You should have asked for your parents*before you go out for a whole night.A. permissionB. excitementC. adm

46、issionD. encouragement54、They put an in a newspaper looking for rock musicians.A. mapB. advertiseC. informationD. advertisement55、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the for watching television, which makes TVa decoration of the house.A. analysisB. appetiteC. incidentD. apprec

47、iation高中英语高考英语名词常考题型例题及答案参考答案答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被两个有奉献精神的医生父母养大，他对医生职业和他们的工作极为尊敬。A.regard 尊敬;B.attitude 态度：C.establishmentD.wisdom 智慧。根据Brought up by parents who areboth devoted doctors”可知，他对医生和他们的工作极为尊敬。应选A。2、答案：D解析：考查倍数表达法。句意：美国人现在吃的蔬菜是他们在1910年吃的蔬菜的2倍多。根据句子结构和意思可知, 这里考查倍数表达法，倍数要放在比拟结构as+adj.+n.+as

48、的前面，被修饰的名词vegetables是可数名词复数 形式，所以用many, “2倍多”用more than twice表达。应选D。3、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：张桂梅对教育事业的无私奉献是众所周知的，她的所有学生都尊敬爱戴她。A.fault过错;B. complexity难题;C. devotion奉献;D. agony极大的痛苦。根据句中的selfless（无私的）”可知, devotion（奉献）”符合句意。应选C。4、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本宣传手册提供了多种多样的酒店、公寓和度假别墅的信息。A. disaster灾难；path 道路；C. brochure 小册子；宣传手册;D. personality 性格。由下文“offers a wide choice of hotels, apartments and holiday homes.可知，宣传手册能提供多种多样的酒店、公寓和度假别墅的信息，应选C。5、答案：A解析：考查名词所有格。句意：目前，我