白内障病人护理NursingforCataractPatients.ppt

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1、白内障病人护理NursingforCataractPatients Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望 晶状体在眼球内的位置 (Position of Lens in the Eye)11/16/2022211/16/20223EggPullet 11/16/20224Egg WhiteEggYolk11/16/20225EggShell11/16/2022611/16/20227 晶状体的特性 (Properties of Lens)1.Transp

2、arent(透明的)Body2.Protein pruti:n 3.Convex knveks（Degree：1000-1200）11/16/20228Definition：广义上讲，任何因素导致晶体广义上讲，任何因素导致晶体(lens)出现浑浊出现浑浊(turbidness)t:bidnis 都可称都可称为为(cataract)Disease Description 11/16/20229 白内障国情 (National Conditions）1.6000 万(sixty million)白内障患者 2.100万(one million)白内障患者应施行手术 3.每年新增患者40万(four

3、 hundred thousand)4.人口老龄化，患者逐年增加，白内障治疗、护理任务项繁重(A burdensome task)11/16/202210 白内障临床分类 (Classification of Clinic)11/16/202211一：Senile Cataract si:nail 年龄相关性白内障(age-related cataract）11/16/202212二：Traumatic Cataract tr:mtik 外伤性白内障:眼球穿孔伤、钝挫伤11/16/202213 三：Metabolic Cataract ,metblik 代谢性白内障：糖尿病，甲状腺疾病 11/

4、16/202214四：Congenital Cataract kndenitl 先天性白内障 11/16/202215五：Medicamentous Cataract 药物性中毒性白内障：长期使用“类固醇”药物 六：Radiated Cataract reidieitid 辐射性白内障：因放射线所致11/16/202216 老年性白内障老年性白内障 Senile Cataract11/16/2022171.年龄增长，晶状体逐渐混浊，即为老年性白内障。一般起于4045以后2.主要病因:氧化损害(Oxidative Damage)ksideitiv 3.临床表现:眼前阴影和渐进性、无痛性视力减退(

5、Visual Deterioration)di,tirirein 11/16/202218 Nursing Assessment(一)Health History 1.年龄(Age)2.外伤(Trauma)3.营养(Nutrition)4.遗传(Heredity)hirediti 5.代谢(Metabolize)mtblaiz 6.全身病(General Disease)11/16/202219 身体状况 (Physical Condition)1.症状(Symptom)渐进性视力下降(Gradual Visual Deterioration）di,tirirein 11/16/202220C

6、linical Stages 一期(Initial Stage)1、无视力下降（对视力无影响）2、皮质内出现空泡，水裂和板层分离，从周边逐渐向中央扩大，呈“羽毛状”或 楔形浑浊3、此期发展缓慢，可经数年11/16/20222111/16/202222 二期：膨胀期(Dilatational Stage)1.视力下降 2.晶体呈不均匀浑浊 3.晶体体积变大，将虹膜向前推移 4.前房变浅 5.诱发急性闭角型青光眼 AACG:（Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma)11/16/20222311/16/202224 三期：成熟期(Maturity Stage)mtjuriti 1.

7、视力下降至眼前手动/光感 2.晶体灰白色均匀浑浊 3.虹膜投影消失 4.眼底不能窥入11/16/20222511/16/202226 四期：过熟期(Overripe Stage)uvraip 1.视力突然提高(晶体皮质液化外溢 核下沉）2.前房加深 3.虹膜震颤 4.浑浊晶体纤维分解液化，呈乳白色 5.棕黄色晶体核下沉于囊袋下方 6.诱发晶体溶解性青光眼11/16/20222711/16/202228 Physical Sign 白瞳症(White Pupil)是最明显的体征11/16/202229Nursing Diagnosis 1.感知改变(Perceptual Alteration)2

8、.自理缺陷(Self Care Deficit)3.受伤危险(Risk for Injury)4.知识缺乏(Knowledge Deficit)5.潜在并发症(Potential Complications)11/16/202230 Nursing Goals 1.病人视力提高 2.自理恢复 3.避免受伤 4.熟悉相关知识 5.避免并发症11/16/202231 Nursing Interventions 一般护理(Ordinary Providence)1.病房介绍(Ward Introduction)2.饮食指导(Diet Guidance)11/16/202232 治疗配合 (Thera

9、peutic Alliance)erpju:tik lains 一：Nursing of Drug (1)维生素类 VitC,VitB2 (2)滴眼液:白内停,谷胱甘肽,卡他灵 二：Surgical Care 11/16/20223311/16/202234Preoperative Care1.抗生素(Antibiotic),ntibaitik眼液 术前3天2.镇静剂3.冲洗结膜囊4.冲洗泪道5.降眼压Intraocular Pressure ,intrkjul 6.散瞳孔11/16/20223511/16/20223611/16/20223711/16/20223811/16/202239P

10、ostoperative Care一：“四位”一体(Four Positions)1.体位(Body)2.头位(Head)3.口位(Mouth)4.手位(Hand)二：预防感染(Infection Prevention)氧氟沙星滴眼液三：定期复查(Regularl Countercheck)one week,one month，six months 11/16/202240Health Education1.Cause of Cataract2.Symptoms of Cataract3.Diagnosis of Cataract4.Theropy and Nursing Knowledge 5.Prevention of Cataract11/16/202241Thanks a Lot!11/16/202242