Unit 1&2语法复习（直接引语和间接引语）检测--高一英语人教新课标必修一.docx

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1、高中英语 人教版新课标 必修1 Unit1 &2 语法复习（直接引语和间接引语）【课前检查】一、语法填空(根据课文内容、依据语法规则完成下面短文）Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish 1_ they had to hide or they would be 2_ (catch) by the German Nazis. During that time she wasnt able to go 3_ (outdoor) for so long that she

2、had grown so crazy about everything 4_ (do) with nature. One evening, she stayed 5_ (wake) on purpose to have a good look at the moon by herself, but she didnt dare open a window. Another time she happened to be upstairs at dusk 6_ the window was open. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thunderi

3、ng clouds held her 7_ (entire) in their power. It was the first time in a year and a half that she 8_ (see) the night face to face.Anne felt very lonely without seeing her old friends, so she had to make 9_ new friend, her diary Kitty, whom she could tell everything to. 10_ (sad), at last, her famil

4、y was discovered and caught by the German Nazis. Keys：1. so 2. caught 3. outdoors 4. to do 5. awake 6. when 7. entirely 8. had seen 9. a 10. Sadly【问题查找】1. “I will try my best to publish her diary.” said Annes father.Annes father said that_ _ _his best to publish her diary.答案：he would try2“I will go

5、to Beijing for a meeting tomorrow，” my father said to me.My father told me that he would go to Beijing for a meeting_ _ _.答案：the next day3“January is the first month of the year.” said Mr Smith.Mr Smith said that January _the first month of the year.答案：is4“Did you see the film last night?” asked Bob

6、.Bob asked me_I_ _the film the night before.答案：whether；had seen5“How did you get this information？” Miss Liu asked him.Miss Liu asked him_he had got_information.答案：how；that6“You have already done your duty，” he said to her.He told her that _ _ _ _ _ _.答案：she had already done her duty7“Light travels

7、much faster than sound，” he said.He said that light_ _ _ _ _.答案：travels much faster than sound8“Where are you going？” the father asked his son.The father asked his son_ _ _ _.答案：where he was going【要点精讲】直接引语和间接引语的概念直接引语指直接引用别人的话，故必须有引号；间接引语为转述别人的话，无引号。 e.g. He said, “I went to the Green Lake yesterda

8、y.” （直接引语)He said that he had gone to the Green Lake the day before. （间接引语)【即学即练】一、判断下列句子哪些是直接引语，哪些是间接引语。1. He said to me, “Ive left my book in your room.”2. He told me that he had left his book in my room.3. The foreigner said to me, “I like Beijing very much.”4. The foreigner told me that he(she)

9、liked Beijing very much.5. She said, “We are very fond of sports.”6. She said that they were very fond of sports.Keys: 略2、教师提问：把直接引语变成间接引语需要变化什么呢？ 步骤一、人称的变化 一般可以通过翻译来转化人称（建议用这种方法，不会增加记忆量），也可以通过口诀“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”来记忆。 【口诀解读】人称变化的三原则 1. “第一人称随主”原则：如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。 2. “第二人称随宾”

10、原则：如果从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。 3. “第三人称不更新”原则：如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。 【即学即练】1. Tom said, “I will fly to New York tomorrow.” Tom said that he would fly to New York the next day.2. Our teacher said to the students, “You can do better in English.”

11、 Our teacher told the students that they could do better in English.3. He said to Tom, “She can help them”. He told Tom that she could help them. 步骤二、时态的变化教师提问：在宾语从句中时态变化有一个口诀，“主现从实，主过从过，真理永现”，你是怎么理解的？直接引语与间接引语的转化中关于过去时态的变化直接引语间接引语直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成进行时过去完成进行时一般将来时过去

12、将来时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成进行时过去完成进行时【即学即练】1. My father said to me, “Why are you late for school?” My father asked me why I was late for school.2. He said , “I havent written home since last year.” He said that he hadnt written home since last year.3. The boy said, “Im using a knife.” The boy said that he was

13、 using a knife.4. Zhou Lan said, “Ill do it after class.” Zhou Lan said she would do it after class.【注意事项】直接引语变间接引语，时态无变化的情况1. 直接引语是客观真理。 The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east.” The teacher said the sun rises in the east.2. 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。 Jack said. “I was doing chores when Tom came to see

14、me” Jack said that he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.3. 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。 Amy said. “I went to Beijing on April 2l, 1980.” Amy said that she went to Beijing on April 21, 1980.4. 直接引语如果是一般现在时，表示一种反复出现或习惯性动作，变间接引语，时态不变。 He said, “I go to school by bus every morning.” He s

15、aid that he goes to school by bus every morning. 步骤三 、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethose时间状语nowthentodaythat daytonightthat nightyesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next (following)daythis week (month)that week (month)last week (month)the week (month) beforenext weekthe next week (mon

16、th)地点状语herethere动词comegobringtake【即学即练】1.She said, “This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived”. She said that was the house in which Lu Xun had once lived. 2. The famous hostess said, “I will come to host it if a party is held this weekend.” The famous hostess said that she would go to host it if

17、 a party was held that weekend. 步骤四、句子结构的变化1. 直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成由that引导的宾语从句。在口语中that可以省略。 Mr. Black said, “Im busy”. Mr. Black said that he was busy. 2. 直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句时，间接引语中用whether或if引导。 He said, “Are you interested in English?” He asked (me) if/whether I was interested in English.3. 直接

18、引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语仍用特殊疑问词来引导，其余的变化遵照直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则来进行。 He asked Mary, “How is your sister now?” He asked Mary how her sister was then.【注意事项】 直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语时，主句谓语动词said to sb.常改为told sb. 直接引语为疑问句，主句中谓语动词是said，变为间接引语时将其改为asked. 步骤五、祈使句中直接引语变间接引语祈使句的直接引语变间接引语，祈使句的间接引语形式多采用“动词宾语(not) to do”结构。常见的引述动词有ask

19、, tell, beg, warn, remind, advise, order 等。 【注意】如果直接引语是祈使句的否定式，变为间接引语时，要将其改为不定式的否定形式作宾补，不定式的否定形式是在不定式前面加not，而不是加do not，does not，did not等。【即学即练】1. Mr. Black told his son, “Dont swim in the river.” Mr. Black told his son not to swim in the river.2. “Please help yourselves to some fish.” Mrs. White sai

20、d to us. Mrs. White asked us to help ourselves to some fish.3. Mr Green said, “Boys, dont play soccer in the street.” Mr Green warned the boys not to play soccer in the street.【查漏补缺】一、将下列句子由直接引语变成间接引语1She said to me，“Im playing computer games now.” She_playing computer games_.2Katty said，“I will pic

21、k you up at nine.”Katty said_pick_up at nine.3“Have you finished repairing the machine？”she asked.She asked_repairing the machine.4“My father bought me a dictionary last week.”said Tom.Tom said that_a dictionary _5“Recently，Ive been working on my thesis on noise pollution，”Joe said.Joe said_working

22、on_thesis on noise pollution recently.6The teacher said，“Time flies.Time and tide wait for no man.”The teacher said time_；time and tide_for no man.7Tom asked me，“Have you seen that movie yet？”Tom asked me_that movie already.8He asked，“Where are you getting off，Tom？”He asked_getting off.9“Ive got tir

23、ed of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows”，Anne said to her fatherAnne said to her father_she had_ looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.10“I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly”，my mother said.My mother _ she _ her things in the suitcas

24、e very quickly.11She said to us，“Please sit down and have a rest.” She_ us to sit down and have a rest.12The teacher said，“Be careful with your pronunciation，Tom.”The teacher_Tom _careful with_pronunciation.13“Dont do that again，my child，”she said.She_child_that again.14“Please be quiet and dont dis

25、turb me，” he said.He_us _quiet and_disturb_.15“Boys，dont leave your work unfinished，”the headmaster said.The headmaster_the boys_leave_ work unfinished.Key: 1.told；me；she；was；then 2.she；would；me 3.whether/if；I；had；finished4. his；father；had；bought；him；the；week；before 5.he；had；been；his6.flies；wait 7.i

26、f/whether；I；had；seen 8.Tom；where；he；was9.Tom；where；he；was 10.said；that；needed；to；pack；up11.asked 12.told；to；be；his 13.told；her；not；to；do14. asked；to；be；not；to；him 15.told；not；to；their【梳理优化】人称，时态，状语始终变一主二宾三不变时态向后退一格状语变化见表格陈述that 可省略一般疑问用if(whether)特殊疑问去助动以上语序为陈述祈使句选动词(tell, ask, order, beg)将它改为不定式【强化

27、巩固】一、把下列句子改成间接引语1“Shut up.”she said to him._2. “Can you speak louder？”he asked her._3“Try the lift.”she said to her._4“Dont wait for me.”he said to them._5“Stop wasting the time.”she said to him.来源:学科网_6“Follow his instructions.”she said to me.来源:学科网_7“Please could you come to the reception desk？”sh

28、e asked him._8“Change your dirty uniform！”he said to the clerk._Keys: 1. She asked him to shut up. 2. He told her to speak louder. 3. She asked her to try the lift. 4. He asked them not to wait for him. 5. She asked him to stop wasting the time. 6. She told me to follow his instructions. 7. She told

29、 him to go to the reception desk. 8. He asked the clerk to change his/her dirty uniform.【课后练习】一、完成下列句子1他告诉母亲如果有足够的时间，他会去游泳。He_his mother that if he_enough time，he_.2他问我们汤姆是那天还是那天的前一天离开的。He_us_Tom_that day or _.3他对我说：“我把书留在你的房间里了。”He_me，“_the book in_room.”4父亲问彼得：“你昨晚什么时候睡觉的？”Father_Peter，“_to bed _？

30、”5小女孩大声回答道：“太阳从东边升起，西边落下！”The little girl_loudly，“The sun_in the east and_in the west！”Keys：1.told；had；would go swimming 2.asked；whether；had left；the day before 3.said to；I left；your 4.asked；When did you go；last night 5.replied/answered；rises；sets二、把下列句子改成间接引语1. She said to him, “Its time that you l

31、eft here.” 2. Zhang Hong said to me, “Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.” 3. John said to his parents, “I had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.” 4. The history teacher said to them, “The Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st, 1921.” 5. He said, “Are you a student?” 6. “Have

32、you anything interesting I can read, George?” she said. Keys：1. She told him that it was time that he left there.2. Zhang Hong told me that Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.3. John told his parents that he had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.4. The history teacher told them that the

33、 Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st, 1921.5. He asked whether I was a student.6. She asked George if he had anything interesting she could read.三、阅读理解On my first day of high school，I asked an eleventhgrader where my class was.And he told me it was “on the fourth floor，next to the pool.”

34、 I found out five minutes later that we dont even have a fourth floor and theres no pool either！Besides that，I didnt have any trouble with the older kid.I think the biggest difference between middle and high school is the homework load (工作量) and size of the school.I went from maybe fifteen minutes o

35、f homework a night to several hours，so I had to learn how to make full use of time！Our class size is around 550，but joining in clubs，sports，music，and other activities at school makes it easier to get to know people in every grade.The best advice I can give about the years you spend in high school is

36、 to learn things for yourself，not just to get a good grade.There have been so many tests that Ive prepared for the night before，gotten an A，and not remembered anything later.Ive changed that this year，and I enjoy school so much more.Dont take easy classes just to have a simple year.If you have a cho

37、ice between chemistry and sports，the first will prove to be a lot more useful!While drinking and smoking might be present in some middle schools，theyre also around in high school.I have a lot of friends who promised theyd never drink or smoke，but are now partying every weekend.If you have “fun” and

38、spend your nights wasted instead of studying，you will regret it when youre applying for (申请) college.The “friends” who say youre a loser for not partying are really not your friends at all.Its hard to see your closest friends grow apart and go in different directions，but dont follow their footsteps.

39、Create your own path in life and make your own decisions.语篇解读本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了高中生活。1What does the author think of high school?AIt requires hard work.BThere are very few activities.CIts hard to meet new people there.DThere isnt enough time for homework.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段描述进入高中，每晚要写几个小时的作业可知，作者觉得高中学习生活很辛苦。答案

40、：A2The author advises high school students to_.Agive up sportsBchoose useful classesCtry their best to get good gradesDget ready for tests the night before解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的If you have a choice between.a lot more useful可知。答案：B3The text is probably written by_.Aa high school studentBa chemistry teacher Ca college student Da sports player解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的Ive changed that this year，and I enjoy school so much more可知，作者还在高中上学。答案：A4The last paragraph mainly tells us_.Aabout the trouble caused by drinking and smokingBabout the importance of making friends