高中英语语法：定语从句教学案162320.pdf

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1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！学科教师辅导讲义 授课类型 T 定语从句基本知识要点 C 定语从句专题I T 解题技巧 授课日期及时段 教学内容 一、同步知识梳理 知识点 1：定语从句的定义及相关术语 术语 定义 说明 定语从句 修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。注意三点：1）把从句看成是一个整体，在主句中做定语；2）其做的是主句中某一个名词或代词的定语；3）其对这个名词或代词起到限定修饰或补充说明的作用。先行词 被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词称为先行词。注意三点：1）被定语从句所限定修饰；2

2、）其在主句中；3）其词性是名词或代词。关系词 引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系词常有三个作用：1）引导定语从句；2）代替先行词；3）在定语从句中充当一定成分。例：Harry Potter is the most interesting novel that I have read.(that I have read 是定语从句；novel是先行词；that 是关系代词，代替先行词 novel，在从句中作 have read 的宾语。)知识点 2：关系词 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！关系词 指代

3、人或物 定语从句中充当的成分 关系代词 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 which 物或主句内容 主语、宾语 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose(of whomof which)人或物的 定语 as 物或主句内容 主语、宾语 关系副词 when(适当介词which)时间 状语 where(适当介词which)地点 状语 why(for which)原因 状语 知识点 3：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 通过下表对比限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 从句与先行词的关系 从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不

4、明确。从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚或完整。标 点 无逗号 有逗号 关 系 代 词 指人 who(that)whom 指物 which(that)指人和物的 whose 关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去 指人 who（作主语）whom（作宾语）指物 which 人和物的 whose 关系代词一般不可省 修饰 名词或代词 名词或代词，也可以是整个句子 翻译 定语从句译在被修饰词的前面 定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子 二、同步例题分析 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！知识点 1：关系代词的用法 例 1：

5、_ to take the English Evening Course,please fill in this form.A.Those who want B.Anyone wants C.Those that want D.People want 例 2：Li Ming,_to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went D.I went with him 例 3：Is there anyone in your class _family is in the coun

6、try?A.who B.whos C.which D.whose 例 4：Can you lend me the book _the other day?A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked 例 5：The man _has arrived.A.whom I told you B.that I told you C.whom I told you about him D.I told you about 知识点 2：关系副词的用法 例 1：This is the

7、 hotel _last month.A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed 例 2：Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A.which B.that C.when D.on which 例 3：They didnt explain the reason _ they had canceled the rehearsal.A.that B.why C.what D.which 知

8、识点 3：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 例 1：Alice received an invitation from her boss,_came as a surprise.A.it B.that C.which D.he 例 2：Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.2）who,不填 B.不填，who C.who,who D.不填，不填 例 3：It is reported that two schoo

9、ls,_ are being built in my hometown,will open next year.A.they both B.which both C.both of them D.both of which 三、课堂达标检测 检测题（一）：用适当的关系词填空 1.I still remember the night _I first came to the house.2.Ill never forget the day_ we met each other last week.3.Mr.Black is going to Beijing in October,_is the

10、best season there.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！4.I will never forget the days _I spent with your family.5.Ill never forget the last day_ we spent together.6.This is the school _I used to study.7.Do you still remember the place_ we visited last week?8.Do you still remember the pla

11、ce_ we visited the painting exhibition?9.Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_is famous for the West Lake?10.Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_lies the West Lake?11.Tom will go to Shanghai,_live his two brothers.12.I live in Beijing,_is the capital of China.13.There was a time _there were slaves in the USA

12、.14.It is the third time _you have made the same mistake.15.It was in the street _I met John yesterday.16.It was about 600 years ago_the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.17.The moment _I saw you,I recognized(认出)you.18.This is the very novel about_weve talked so much.19.This is the w

13、ay_he did it.20.Who is the student _was late for school today?21.Who _knows him wants to make friends with him?22.What else was there in my brother_you didnt like?23.He lives in the room_window faces to the south.24.He lives in the room,the window_faces to the south.25.This is Mr.John for_son I brou

14、ght a book yesterday.26.This is Mr.John for_I bought a book yesterday.27.This is the hour_the place is always full of women and children.28.And there is one point _Id like your advice.29.Winter is the time of year_the days are short and nights are long.30.I hope you will find this valley a beautiful

15、 place_you may spend your weekend.检测题（二）：改错 1.This is all which I want to say.2.The man who never make mistakes never makes anything.3.This is the book about that I told you last time.4.This is the longest train which I have ever seen.5.Which we all know,swimming is a very good sport.6.The radio set

16、 which I bought it last week has gone wrong.7.Is this the classroom which you have classes every day?8.My glasses,with which I was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.9.He is a man of great experience,from who much can be learned.10.I have bought the same dress which she is wearing.欢迎您阅读并下

17、载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！一、专题精讲 知识点 1：关系代词和关系副词的选择 例 1：(1)Ill never forget the days_we worked on the farm years ago.Ill never forget the days_we spent on the farm years ago.(2)Pisa is a city_stands a leaning tower.Pisa is a city_has a leaning tower.(3)The reason_he was absent from t

18、he meeting was that his mother fell ill suddenly.The reason_he gave for his absence from the meeting was that his mother fell ill suddenly.例 2：(1)Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?A.where B.that C.on which D.the one (2)Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held.A.where B.that C.on which

19、D.the one 例 3：You can find whatever you need at the shopping center,_ is always busy at the weekend.A.that B.where C.what D.which 例 4：Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A.he explained B.what he explained C.how he explained D.why he explained 例 5：Anyway,that evening,

20、_ Ill tell you more about later,I ended up staying at Rachels place.A.when B.where C.what D.which 知识点 2：that 和 which 的选择 例 1：He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school.A.which B.that C.whom D.what 例 2：He is the only person _ I want to thank.A.who B.whom C.whose D./欢迎您阅读并

21、下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！例 3：Its one of the most interesting stories _I have _read.A.which,never B.that,ever C.that,never D.which,ever 例 4：Ill tell you _he told me last night.A.all which B.all what C.that all D.all 例 5：Its the third time _in Nanjing this month.A.that you arrived B.

22、which you arrived C.that youve arrived D.which youve arrived 例 6：Who is the man _was there?A.who B.which C.that D.whom 例 7：Shanghai is no longer the city _it used to be.A.that B.which C.where D.as 例 8：Wrestling is a sport in _people easily get hurt.A.that B.when C.which D.what 只用 that 不用 which 的情况 1

23、.当先行词为不定代词或者先行词被 any,all,much,no,little,few 等修饰时。There is nothing(that)I can say about it.He is one of the few that can work it out in five minutes.2.先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。This is the best basketball match that I have ever seen.3.先行词被 the only 或 the very 修饰时。The only thing that we can do is to ask o

24、ur teachers help.4.先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时。When foreigners talk about China,the first that comes to mind is the Great Wall.5.先行词既包含人又包含物时。They talked about the factories and workers that they had visited.6.先行词是疑问代词时。Who that you have ever seen can beat him in the game?7.先行词在逻辑上充当定语从句的表语时。This is no longer t

25、he place that it used to be.只用 which 不用 that 的情况 1.关系词前有介词紧密连接，指物的只能用介+which。He wrote a book in which we could learn about his life.2.在非限制性定语从句中。She heard a terrible noise,which brought her heart to her mouth.知识点 3：as 和 which 的选择 例 1：Whenever I met him,_ was fairly often,I like his sweet and hopeful

26、 smile.19.what B.which C.that D.when 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！例 2：_ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.A.Which B.When C.What D.As 例 3：Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others,_,of course,made the others envy him.A.as B.that C.what D.w

27、hich 例 4：_ has already been pointed out,grammar is not a set of dead rules.A.As B.It C.That D.Which 例 5：I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing.A.as B.that C.which D.what 知识点 4：whose 的用法 例 1：Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,_ was very reasonable.1.which price B.the price of which C.it

28、s price D.the price of whose 翻译句子：这就是昨晚窗户破掉的那所房子。_._._.知识点 5：高考对关系副词 where 的考查 例 1：I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A.how B.which C.where D.that 例 2：Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.A.where B.that C.when D.which 例 3：He

29、s got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A.where B.which C.while D.why 知识点 6：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 例 1：The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.A.for which B.at which C.in which D.on which 例 2：I still remember the day _s

30、he first wore that green dress.A.which B.in which C.on that D.on which 例 3：In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.A.that B.to who C.from whom D.to whom 例 4：The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are being trained.欢迎您

31、阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！1.in that B.for that C.in which D.for which 例 5：The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%_are sold abroad.A.of which B.which of C.of them D.of that 知识点 7：the way 作先行词的定语从句 以 the way 为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由 in which 或 that 引导，而且通常可以省略。如：Th

32、e way(that/in which)he answered the questions was surprising.他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。I dont like the way(that/in which)you laugh at her.我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。例 1：I dont like _ you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which 例 2：What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.A.i

33、n the way B.in the way that C.the way that D.the way which 例 3：翻译下列句子：他解释给我们的那种方法是简单的。_.他给我们解释这个句子的方式难以理解。_.知识点 8：定语从句中的主谓一致 定语从句中，关系词作主语时，应特别注意主谓一致现象。这时，先行词起决定作用，因为关系词所指即为先行词，主谓一致实际上就是先行词和谓语动词的一致。请看下列各题：(1)I who_your friend,will do everything I can to help you.(2)He is the only one of us who_fond o

34、f such things.1.He is one of us who_fond of such things.批注：1)关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。I,who am your close friend,will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble.2)one of复数名词关系代词复数动词；而 the only one of复数名词关系代词单数动词；not the only one of.=one of.（前面的两个是重点，not the only one of.不是常考点，要求学生

35、理解。）3)非限制性定语从句中，由关系代词 as 或 which 代替整个主句时，从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。He has passed the exam,which makes us surprised.Great changes have taken place in China,as is known to all.4)关系代词和谓语动词之间有插入语时，谓语动词单复数要看关系代词的指代。To own a TV set in each family,which we think was impossible 30 years ago,now has become true.欢迎您阅读并下

36、载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！例 1：用所给词的正确形式填空 1.He is one of the students who_(have)passed the exam.2.He is the only one of the students who_(have)passed the exam.3.He is not the only one of the students who_(have)passed the exam.4.The idea,which I think _(be)reasonable,was brought up by

37、 Tom yesterday.5.I still remember the teachers and the school that_(be)talked of yesterday evening.二、专题过关 检测题（一）：1.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.A.that B.which C.as D.it 2.I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.

38、what;that D.on which;when 3.The way _he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./4.This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 5.This machine,_for many years,is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after

39、 C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 6.The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill.A.why;that B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what 7.He is working hard,_will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 8.That is not the way _I do it.A./B.which C.for which D.with w

40、hich 9.I have two grammars,_are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 10.I want to use the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 11.My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble,_ was very kind of them.A

41、.who B.which C.that D.it 12.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which 13.He is not such a man _ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as 14.You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes.A./B.why C.when D.whose 15.Smoking,_ is a bad habit,is

42、,however,popular.A.that B.which C.it D.though 16.-Did you ask the guard _ happened?-Yes,he told me all _ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what C.which;which D.that;that 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！17.I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm with the farmers,_ has a great

43、 effect on my life.A.when;who B.that;which C.which;that D.when;which 18.The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing.A.owns;are B.owns;is C.own;is D.own;are 19.During the days _,he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed 20.Is oxygen the only gas _ he

44、lps fire burn?A.that B./C.which D.it 21.The clever boy made a hole in the wall,_ he could see _ was going on inside house.A.which;what B.through which;what C.through that;what D.what;that 22.Is _ some German friends visited last week?A.this school B.this the school C.this school one D.this school wh

45、ere 23.John got beaten in the game,_ had been expected.A.as B.that C.what D.who 24.I have bought two ball pens,_ writes well.A.none of them B.neither of them C.neither of which D.none of which 25.All that can be eaten _ eaten up.A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been 三、学法提炼 1、专题特点：1)注重考查关系代词和

46、关系副词的基本功能和用法；2)重点考查多种从句的区别，具体语境中的运用；3)题目在句意上紧跟时代，在结构上越来越复杂。2、解题方法：1）一找：找出先行词（在主句中找名词或代词）；2）二放：把先行词放到从句中；3）三判断：判断先行词在从句中所作的成分。3、注意事项：1）准确掌握关系代词和关系副词的基本意义和用法；2）正确划分句子结构；3）结合语境选定所需要的关系词。(3)能力培养 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网整理，如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！例题：Not necessarily because of the promise of free or reduced

47、 price phone calls which experts point out is misleading for the average business,but because of the sophisticated voice services that can be exploited by the remote worker-facilities such as voice-mail and call forwarding,which provide a continuity of the company image for customers and business pa

48、rtners.方法总结：关注定语从句结构的完整性，准确分析句子结构，找出各个知识点之间的关联。检测题（一）：分析句子结构 1.To us,the most important decision youll make is that to choose the school that really fits you best-not the one that is the most competitive or has the best-equipped.2.Meanwhile,Apple Computer,which launched a video capable version of it

49、s iPod portable music player in October,is striking deals with television works to expand the range of shows that can be purchased for viewing on the device,including“Lost”,“Desperate Housewives”and“Law&Order”.检测题（二）：改错 1.The factory where he works there is a large one.(2)This is the company we visi

50、ted it last Sunday.(3)There was a time when I hated going to school at that time.检测题（三）：用适当的词填空(1)Is this book_you borrowed from the library last Sunday?(2)Is this the factory _computers are built?(3)Is this factory _we visited last year?(4)Is this the factory_we visited last year?(5)The boss _ depa