02-高中组讲义第二讲(学生版).pdf

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1、Lesson Two Impromptu Speech(I)Warming up by practicing pronunciationandintonation(5mins)Refine your self-introductions and talent shows by both presenting as well asbeingthejudges.20mins Understand the requirements and the evaluation standards of the impromptuspeech.Understand how to prepare for the

2、 first type of questions and the after-speechinterview.Learn how to do well in the after-speech interview(20mins)(30mins)(10minsPronunciation&Intonation DrillsPronunciation&Intonation DrillsThey have the samename.Nancy doesnt want tosing.The man ran madly to thecamp.Lets get together when Teds bette

3、r.The teacher repeated thespeech.The bus doesnt run onSunday.5 mins5 minsBill was beating a big beast with his big fist and his big fist was badly bitten by thebig beast atlast.Mr.Cook said to a cook:“Look at this cook-book.Its very good.So the cooktook the advice of Mr.Cook and bought thebook.I wou

4、ld buy my ties before the price begins torise.loopy and wiggly of all tongues.Your self-intro&Talent Show!Your self-intro&Talent Show!Real practice to improve yourselvesReal practice to improve yourselves20 mins20 mins1.Ask five students to present their self-introductions and talent shows inturns2.

5、Ask the other students to be the judges and fill out theformEvaluationEvaluationNo.No.1 12 23 34 45 5ImageImagePersonalityPersonalityValueValueAfter the presentationsAfter the presentations1.Interview several“judges for their choices andreasons.2.Get to Know the Impromptu speechGet to Know the Impro

6、mptu speech What to do in thispartWhat to do in thispart10 mins10 mins1.Given a question and three minutes to prepare,the candidates should deliver aone-minute Impromptu Speech to answer thequestion2.Interview byJudges3.Watch a video clip for furtherillustration Get to Know about the impromptuspeech

7、Get to Know about the impromptuspeech1.An impromptu speech is neither a chat nor just recitingsomething.2.Itisnecessaryforyou tomakeyourspeechbriefandtothepoint,withpersuasive andcreative points ofview.3.Lets enjoy three notable speeches and find out what a convincing speechneeds.Logical thinking ab

8、ilityLogical thinking ability is an ability to analyze and solve a problem byclearreasoning.EloquenceEloquence is the speech craft to convince others,with onesbroadknowledge,accurate language and prompt response.Get to Know the evaluatingstandardsGet to Know the evaluatingstandards Types of question

9、s for thespeechTypes of questions for thespeechBased on the question bank(2022-2022),we will divide them into four maintypes,including DEFINITION,OPINION,ASSUMPTION and DESCRIPTION.Find out the first type of questions in thebookSteps to prepare the ImpromptuSteps to prepare the Impromptu Step One:So

10、rt out thequestionStep One:Sort out thequestionOnce we are given the question,try to determine its type.25+10 mins25+10 mins1.What is your understanding of a good teacher()2.Do you think there is a short cut in learning English Why or why not()3.If you have the chance to invite a famous person to di

11、ne with you,whowould he/she be Why()4.How do you spend your pocket money()5.How would you understand the saying“money makes friends(6.Introduce to us your homeland.()7.Given one billion,how would you spend it()Step Two:Structure your speech by dividing it into the followingStep Two:Structure your sp

12、eech by dividing it into the followingthree partsthree partsToday,we will focus on the first type of questions:DEFINITIONToday,we will focus on the first type of questions:DEFINITIONDEFINITIONDEFINITIONOPINIONOPINIONTo explain a term or a phraseASSUMPTIONASSUMPTIONDESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTIONDEFINITIONDEF

13、INITIONThis type of questions requires candidates to explain a term or aThis type of questions requires candidates to explain a term or aphrase.phrase.1.What is your understanding of“team-workspirit2.What is your understanding of“cooperation3.What is your understanding of the saying“Actions speak lo

14、uder thanwordsQuestion:Question:Whats your definition of the word“hWhats your definition of the word“he eroro1.How to begin1.How to begin Give an explanation or definition Show your own point of view Introduce a backdrop.Quote Repeat the question2.How to reason2.How to reason Grounds of argument Cou

15、nter-argument Examples Statistics Citation Anecdote When you have trouble finding reasons,make use ofthe“Ten Principles of Brainstorming Techniques“Ten Principles of Brainstorming TechniquesMoneyMoneyTimeTimeHealthHealthEmotionEmotionMoralityMoralityEcoEcoThe principles help us with more supporting

16、ideas based on one or several aspects.PsychologyPsychologyHere is an example showing how to employ the principles whenHere is an example showing how to employ the principles whenCultureCulturebrainstormingon the word“INTERNETbrainstormingon the word“INTERNET EducationEducationRightRightAnother examp

17、le:Another example:One more example:One more example:What aspect would you think of when considering the term“heroWhat aspect would you think of when considering the term“hero 3.How to conclude3.How to conclude Paraphrase youropeningSummarize Call for action Pose a rhetorical question Make the prosp

18、ectPossible Complete Version:Possible Complete Version:First of all,a hero demonstrates extraordinary willpower.And it is willpower thatdrives them on with determination,fortitude and self-confidence.Whats more,heroes contribute a lot to the society.They concentrate much moreattention on the benefit

19、s they make for the society than for themselves.Last but not least,a hero is always helpful.He is always ready to help others withoutasking for rewards.In short,a hero should be not only brave with strength,but wise with perseverance.More practice:More practice:1.1.What is your understanding of sayi

20、ng“a lazy youth,a lousyageWhat is your understanding of saying“a lazy youth,a lousyage2.2.What is your understanding of saying“Goals determine what you are going toWhat is your understanding of saying“Goals determine what you are going tobebe3.3.What is your understanding of saying“Life meansstruggl

21、eWhat is your understanding of saying“Life meansstruggle4.What4.Whatisyourunderstandingofsaying“Thejourneyofathousandbeginswiththeisyourunderstandingofsaying“Thejourneyofathousandbeginswiththefirststepfirststep5.5.What is your understanding of saying“Rome was not built in oneWhat is your understandi

22、ng of saying“Rome was not built in onedayday6.6.7.What is your understanding of the values ofreading7.What is your understanding of the values ofreading8.8.What is your understanding of“innerbeautyWhat is your understanding of“innerbeauty9.D9.Do you have strong desire for success Whats your definiti

23、on ofsuccesso you have strong desire for success Whats your definition ofsuccessNow try to work out these atypical questions according toNow try to work out these atypical questions according towhat weve learned in this chapterwhat weve learned in this chapter.Question 1Question 1：What kind of perso

24、n would you like to travel with WhyWhat kind of person would you like to travel with WhyQuestion 2Question 2：Question 3Question 3：How do you understand the sentence“be happy with what you haveHow do you understand the sentence“be happy with what you haveWhats your advice for those who areWhats your

25、advice for those who are addicted to smokingaddicted to smokingPossible version:Possible version:(1)(1)Whether you are bale to enjoy your trip or not depends mostly on who you aretravelling with.So I would like to travel with someone who is easy-going,easy-going,positivepositiveand likes travelling

26、in a plannedwayand likes travelling in a plannedway.Besides,you need people with positive attitude so that you can actively faceeverything unexpected in the trip,including some incidents or even troubles.Additionally,I would like to make sure everything in order as possible as I can.SoI will appreci

27、ate it if my partner also enjoys making plans before we set off.(2)(2)Ithinktheword“happyheremeans“begrateful,anditdoesntmeanwearenot aspiring or ambitious when we feel happy with what we have.This word reminds me of a fairy tale A Fisherman and a Magic Fish.Thefisherman,poor but kind,put the fish b

28、ack to the sea when he heard that the fishwas actually a magic prince.Yet the fishermans wife kept asking the magic fish tofulfill her wish,and finally got nothing because of her endless desire andgreed.It is human nature that we are always longing for something better than whatwe have got.But we sh

29、ould realize that greed is like a valley that can never be filled.(3)(3)As is widely recognized,As is widely recognized,smoking is considered one of the worst habits in ourdaily life.So I would like to give some advice for the addictedsmokers.Second,try to eat something else,like chewing gum when th

30、ey want to smoke.After your speech,the judges will pose a question for youAfter your speech,the judges will pose a question for youtoanswer in one minute.Hearing the question,weshould:toanswer in one minute.Hearing the question,weshould:Understand judgesquestionprepare the answeranswer in one minute

31、In this section,In this section,thethe judgesjudges areareexpecting yourexpecting yourThe questions may be:The questions may be:SavvySavvyReactionReactionLogical thinkingLogical thinkingAccuracyAccuracyLinguistic abilityLinguistic ability（1）Extension（2）Disagreement（3）Examples（4）Analogy（5）Here are so

32、me examples:Here are some examples:What is your definition of a heroQuestion:Who do you think can be named a hero inChina WhyDo you think a hero is always powerfulandflawlessCan any one of us bea hero(Examples)(Analogy)(Extension)What is your understanding of saying“Like father like sonQuestion:Now

33、lets have a review!Now lets have a review!(Disagreement)Sort outSort outthetheququestionestionStructureStructureyouryourspeechspeechCompleteCompleteeach parteach partof yourof yourspeechspeechTen principles of brainstorming techniquesTen principles of brainstorming techniquesAssignment:Assignment:1.

34、Make your self-introduction and talent show moreproficient.2.Prepare your speeches for the questions in“MorePractice.3.Find more questions in the book and try to answerwith the structure and skills weve learned.Appendix OneAppendix OneVocabularies for ten principlesVocabularies for ten principles2.1

35、2.1 金钱原那么金钱原那么MONEYMONEYatightbudgetatightbudget资金紧张资金紧张alleviatevt.减轻，使痛苦等易于忍受bankruptn.破产者；adj.破产了的beshortof缺乏beggarn.乞丐burdenn.担子，压力，负担；v.担负burnmoneyburnmoney浪费钱浪费钱charityhospital慈善医院consumptionn.消费量costlyadj.昂贵的，贵重的dearadj.昂贵的destitutedestituteadj.adj.穷困的，缺乏的穷困的，缺乏的(destitution)(destitution)econ

36、omicburden经济负担economicdifficulty经济困难eligiblechildreneligiblechildren适龄儿童适龄儿童(eligibility)(eligibility)eliminatevt.排除，消除expendvt.花费，消耗，支出expendituren.花费，支出，消耗expensiveadj.花费的，昂贵的financevt.资助，供给经费，负担经费；n.财政，金融financialaid经济资助financialstrainfinancialstrain资金紧张，经济压力资金紧张，经济压力foreign currencyforeign curre

37、ncy外汇外汇gobroken破产governmentrevenuegovernmentrevenue政府税收政府税收healthcare医疗保健homelessadj.无家的，无家可归的hungern.饥饿insurancen.保险单/费investv.投资joblessn.失业者；adj.失业的lackn.缺乏，短缺的东西；vt.缺乏laid-offworker下岗工人limitedpublicfunds有限的公共资金luxuriousadj.奢 侈 的，豪 华 的miserable adj.痛苦的，悲惨的，可怜的money-consuming浪费钱的money-oriented拜金主义的

38、necessityn.必要性，需要，日常必需品needyadj.贫困的，缺乏生活必需品的nursinghousenursinghouse敬老院敬老院orphanagen.孤儿院overdraftoverdraftn.n.透支透支pauperpaupern.n.叫花子，乞丐叫花子，乞丐pooradj.贫穷的，可怜的poverty line 贫困线，贫穷线poverty-stricken adj.poverty-stricken adj.贫穷贫穷/乏的乏的preciousadj.珍贵的，贵重的，珍爱的profitableadj.盈利的，有益的，有利可图的runoutof用完，用光，耗尽scarci

39、ty n.缺乏，缺乏sheltern.庇护所，栖身之所；v.掩蔽，躲避shortagen.缺乏，缺乏squandersquanderv.v.浪费浪费starvationn.饥饿subsidizesubsidizev.v.资助，津贴资助，津贴(subsidy;(subsidy;subsidization)subsidization)taxpayer n.纳税人throw money intothinairthrow money intothinair浪费钱浪费钱valuableadj.贵重的，有价值的welfaren.福利，安宁，幸福，社会平安；adj.福利的2.22.2 时间原那么时间原那么T

40、IMETIMEabandononeselfto沉溺于academicperformanceacademicperformance学习表现，学习学习表现，学习成绩成绩addictiveadj.上瘾的beobsessedwith 沉 迷 于bewastefulofbewastefulof浪费浪费detractv.detractv.转移转移;减损；贬低减损；贬低distractv.转移distracting adj.分 心 的discontinueonesstudyingdiscontinueonesstudying辍学辍学efficiencyn.效率，成效inducevt.劝诱，促使，导致，引起l

41、imitedadj.有限的，狭窄的lure v.引诱misleadingadj.易误解的，令人误解的，引人歧途的，骗人的productivityn.生产力resistthetemptation抵挡诱惑revel inrevel in 着迷，酷爱，纵情于，沉迷于着迷，酷爱，纵情于，沉迷于self-disciplinen.自律，自我约束self-controln.自控能力，克己，自制refrainvi./n.节制，防止，制止restrainvt.抑制，制止rewardingadj.有益的，值得的skip classesskip classes逃课逃课takeup占用，开始从事wallowinwal

42、lowin沉溺于沉溺于2.32.3 健康原那么健康原那么HEALTHHEALTHameagerdiet素食acuteadj.急性的；敏 锐；剧烈；严重 acuteappendicitis急性阑尾炎aerobicexercise有氧运动allergyn.过敏症(allergic)bephysicallydamaging 有害健康的calciummagnesium镁化钙cancer-causingn.致癌cancerousadj.癌的carcinogen n.致癌物质carnivorousadj.食肉类的(carnivoreherbivore/vegetarianomnivore)chronica

43、dj.慢 性 的conveniencefood方便食品coronaryheartdisease冠心病deleteriousadj.有害的，有毒的depressionn.郁郁症，沮丧，消沉do harm tooneshealth有害健康endangervt.危及energeticadj.精力充分的，积极的epidemicn.传染病excessiveintake过量摄入eyeirritation眼睛发炎fatiguen.疲乏，疲劳fitnessn.健康fumen.浓烈或难闻的烟，气体harmfuladj.有毒的，有害的，伤害的hazardousadj.危险的，有害的high fatandcalor

44、ie高脂肪和高热量hygienen.保健法，卫生hypertensionn.高血压，过度紧张immuneadj.免疫的impairv.削弱，危及(impairment)incurabledisease绝 症indigestionn.消化不良indolent adj.小痛的无痛的；顽性的恢复缓慢的；懒惰的(indolence)infectiousdisease传染病insomniainsomniaan.失眠症 amnesiaamnesia n.健忘症 euthanasiaeuthanasia安乐死jogn.慢跑junkfood垃圾食品，无营养食品loseweight减肥malady n.疾病；不

45、正之风malnutritionn.营养失调，营养不良morbidadj.病态的，不正常的myopiamyopian.近 视；缺 乏 远 见=short-sightedness/nearsightednesshyperopic/hypermetropic n.hyperopic/hypermetropic n.远视远视neuroticadj.神经质的nocuousnocuous adj.adj.有害的，有毒的有害的，有毒的nourishmentn.食物，营养品noxiousnoxious adj.adj.有害的有害的=toxic=toxicoily food油腻食物organtransplant

46、器官移植overweight n.超重perniciousperniciousadj.adj.有有 害害 的的;致致 命命 的的perniciousanemia恶性贫血poisonousadj.有毒的preventionn.预防，防止psychologicalpressure心理压力radiationn.辐射，放射线remedyn.疗法sedentarylifestylesedentarylifestyle久坐的生活方式久坐的生活方式sorethroatsorethroat喉咙发炎，喉咙疼喉咙发炎，喉咙疼stroken.中风symptomn.医病症，征兆tirednessn.疲劳，疲倦toxi

47、cgas有毒气体tranquillizern.镇静药tuberculosis n.肺结核tumorn.瘤vegetariann.素食者；adj.素食的vigorousadj.精力旺盛的，有力的健壮的virusn.病毒，毒害vitamin C维 生 素 Cwearinessn.疲倦，厌烦，疲劳wholesomeadj.健康的，有益的curev.治愈，治疗；n.治愈，痊愈treatmentn.治疗，处理，对待Appendix TwoAppendix TwoReading materialsReading materialsYouthYouthYouth means a temperamental

48、predominance of courage over timidity,of the appetite foradventure over the love of ease.This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20.Nobody grows old merely by a number of years.We grow old by deserting our ideals.Years may wrinkle the skin,but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.Worr

49、y,fear,self-distrustbowstheheartandturnsthespiritbacktodust.Whether 60 or 16,there is in every human beings heart the lure of wonders,the unfailingappetite for whats next and the joy of the game of living.In the center of your heart andmy heart,there is a wireless station;so long as it receives mess

50、ages of beauty,hope,courage and power from man and from the infinite,so long as you are young.When your aerials are down,and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism andtheiceofpessimism,thenyouvegrownold,evenat20;butaslongasyouraerialsareup,to catchwaves of optimism,theres hope you may die you