各种时态的被动语态资料.ppt

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1、各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态一、各种时态的被动语态一、各种时态的被动语态二、带有情态动词的被动语态二、带有情态动词的被动语态三、主动形式表被动的几种情况三、主动形式表被动的几种情况四、巩固练习、高考链接四、巩固练习、高考链接1.我昨天打我儿子了。我昨天打我儿子了。2.Ihitmysonyesterday.3.我儿子昨天被我打了。我儿子昨天被我打了。4.Mysonwas hitbymeyesterday.一一.定义定义二二.语态是语态是英语动词英语动词的一种形的一种形式式,用来说明主语和谓语动词用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。之间的关系。三三.英语有两种语态英语有两种语态:四四.被动语

2、态和主动语态。被动语态和主动语态。主动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的主动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的执执行者。行者。被动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的被动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的承承受者。受者。1.Ihitmysonyesterday.2.主动语态主动语态3.Mysonwas hitbymeyesterday.4.被动语态被动语态二二.被动语态的谓语结构形式被动语态的谓语结构形式:askcookmakegive-beaskedbecookedbemadebegivenbe+done英语中有一种动词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的，英语中有一种动词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的，统称为统称

3、为“短语动词短语动词”。有些短语动词。有些短语动词在意义上相当于一个在意义上相当于一个及物动词及物动词，从而也有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。，从而也有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。bringup教育教育;抚养抚养calloff取消取消giveup放弃放弃leaveout省略省略lookinto调查调查makeup编造编造putoff推迟推迟turndown拒绝拒绝bebroughtupbecalledoffbegivenupbeleftoutbelookedintobemadeupbeputoffbeturneddown三三.主动语态和被动语态的相互变化关系主动语态和被动语态的相互变化关系（1）

4、Myauntinvitedmetoherdinnerparty.主语主语(执行者执行者)谓语谓语宾语宾语(承受者承受者)I(bymyaunt)toherdinnerparty.主语主语(承受者承受者)谓语谓语宾语宾语(执行者执行者)wasinvited变化规则和顺序变化规则和顺序:1.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be+过去分词过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。，时态要与原句保持一致。2.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。3.把主动语态的主语变为介词把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，放在被动

5、语态里谓语动词之后，by短语短语可以省略。可以省略。转换口诀：主转换口诀：主by（败）后（败）后,宾为主宾为主Exercise:1.Labor created man.2.Man by labor.2.His speech moved us deeply.We by his speech.3.They make shoes in that factory.Shoes by them in that factory.was createdwere deeply moved are madeThis song _(sing)by us on Mondays.is sung结构结构:am/is ar

6、e donesing sang sung 唱唱The famous poem _(write)by Xu Zhimo.was written结构结构:was/were donewrite wrote written 写写send to right nowThey_(send)tohospitalrightnow.will be sent 结构结构:will be donesend sent sent 送送alecturegivesoonAlecture_(give)soon.will be given结构结构:will be donegive gave given 给给They are goi

7、ng to hold an evening party tomorrow.An evening party _tomorrow.begoingto+be+过去分词过去分词is going to be heldHesaidtheworkerswouldbuildanewschoolintwoweeks.He said a new school would be built in two weeks.过去将来时的被动构成：过去将来时的被动构成：would+be+过去分词过去分词dig掘（土）掘（土）earth土土Theearth_(dig)now.is being dug结构结构:am/is/ar

8、e being donedig dug dug 掘（土）掘（土）Aparty_(hold)now.is being held结构结构:am/is/are being donehold held held 举行举行Miss Hu told me that the cat _(wash)when I called her.was being washed结构结构:was/were being doneMost of the apple _(eat)up by the mouse.has been eaten结构结构:has/have been doneeat ate eaten 吃吃Many tr

9、ees _(cut)down by Guangtouqiang recently.have been cut结构结构:have/has been donecut cut cutI found that the shop _ (破门而入破门而入)had been broken into.结构结构:had been doneThe Birds Nest _(build)before the 29th Olympics.the workers _(build)the Birds Nest.Before the 29th Olympic Games,had builthad been built1.T

10、his song is sung by us on Mondays.2.The famous poem was written by Xu .3.Theywillbesenttohospitalrightnow.5.Apartyisbeingheldnow.6.Miss Hu told me that the cat was being washed when I called her.7.Many trees have been cut down by Guangtouqiang recently.8.I found that the shop had been broken into.4.

11、He said a new school would be built in two weeks.一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时小结小结：被动语态在各种时态中的构成被动语态在各种时态中的构成am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonebegoingtobedoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonewouldbedonehas/havebeendonehadbeendone现在被做现在被做过去被

12、做过去被做将要被做将要被做现在正在被做现在正在被做过去正在被做过去正在被做过去将要被做过去将要被做到现在为止已经被做到现在为止已经被做到过去为止已经被做到过去为止已经被做The baby must _(take)good care of.be taken 结构结构:must be done take-took-taken He can sing beautiful songs.Beautiful songs can _(sing)by him.be sungcan be done8.Babies must be taken good care of.9.Beautiful songs can

13、be sung by him.10.Effective measures should be taken immediately.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词的被动语态：1.Icanwritealetter.2.Wemustfinishthehomeworkontime.can mustmayShould等+be+doneA letter can be written by me.Thehomeworkmustbefinishedontime.Practice一、用括号单词的正确形式填空一、用括号单词的正确形式填空1.Thebridge_(build)lastyear.2.TheOlympic

14、Games_(hold)everyfouryears.3.The2012Olympics_(hold)inLondon.was builtare heldwere held4.Theproblem_(discuss)atthemeetingnow.5.Hisnewbook_(publish)nextmonth.6.Alotofnewhighways_(build)inthepast5years.have been builtis being discussedwill be published1.-Whatisthatnoise?2.-Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmac

15、hine_.3.A.wastested4.B.willbetested5.C.isbeingtested6.D.hasbeentested2.Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit_.A.hasruinedB.hasbeenruinedC.hadruinedD.hadbeenruined3.Nodecision_aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.A.willbemadeB.ismadeC.isbeingmadeD.hasbeenmade4.IliketheseEnglishson

16、gsandthey_manytimesontheradio.A.taughtB.havetaughtC.aretaughtD.havebeentaught5.-Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyou_thisjob?-Well,Imthinkingaboutthesalary.A.offerB.willofferC.areofferedD.willbeoffered6.-Haveyouhandedinyourschoolworkyet?7.-Yes,Ihave.Iguessit_now.8.A.hasgradedB.isgraded9.C.isgradingD.isbeinggra

17、ded7.Acoatcanforkeepingwarm.A.isusedB.beusedB.C.beenusedD.used 1、某些感观动词和系动词后加形容词某些感观动词和系动词后加形容词可以表示被动意义，如：可以表示被动意义，如：look,smell,taste,feel,prove,sound等。等。*The flower smells sweet.花闻起来很香花闻起来很香*The dish tastes delicious.菜吃起来菜吃起来非常美味。非常美味。2、某些可用来表示主语内在、某些可用来表示主语内在“品质品质”或或“性能性能”的及物动词的主动形式可表示的及物动词的主动形式可表

18、示被动意义。如：被动意义。如：lock,shut,open,move read,write,sell,wash,clean等。等。*This type of recorder sells well.这种型号的这种型号的录音机销路很好。录音机销路很好。*This kitchen cleans very easily.这这个厨房很容易清洗。个厨房很容易清洗。*The door wont shut.这个门关不上。这个门关不上。3、be worth后跟动词后跟动词ing的主动形式表的主动形式表被动意义。被动意义。*This film is worth seeing a second time.4、在、

19、在need,want,require等表示等表示“需需要要”的动词后，用动词的动词后，用动词ing的主动的主动形式表被动意义形式表被动意义。*This table wants cleaning.=This table wants to be cleaned.1.Thewater_coldatthistimeofyear.2.A.feelB.feels3.C.isfeltD.felt2.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,twothirdsofthebuildingsinthearea_A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairing

20、D.needtorepair3.Thecar_onsuchacoldday.A.doesntstartB.wontstartC.wontbestartedD.isntstarted4.She_verypatientandwarm-hearted.A.isprovedB.hasbeenprovedC.proveD.proves(2012全国卷全国卷I)23.Lifeislikewalkinginthesnow,Grannyusedtosay,becauseeverystep_.”A.hasshownB.isshowingB.C.showsD.showedC(2012全国卷全国卷I)33.Ihad

21、beenworkingonmathforthewholeafternoonandthenumbers_beforemyeyes.A.swimB.swumC.swamD.hadswumC(2012全国卷全国卷II)14.DidyouaskSophiaforhelp?I_needtoImanagedperfectlywellonmyown.A.wouldnt B.dont B.C.didnt D.wontC(2012北京卷北京卷)22.Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthisbook,yourmeal_cold.A.getsB.hasgotC.willgetD.isgettingC

22、5.(2012北京卷北京卷)29.Haveyouheardaboutthatfireinthemarket?Yes,fortunatelynoone_.A.hurtB.washurtB.C.hashurtD.hadbeenhurtB(2012天津卷天津卷)2.Thelettersfortheboss_onhisdeskbuthedidntreadthemuntilthreelater.A.wereputB.wasputC.putD.hasputA(2012天津卷天津卷)12.Thethreeofus_aroundEuropeforaboutamonthlastsummer.A.travelle

23、dB.havetravelledC.hadtravelledD.travelA(2012江苏卷江苏卷)32.ThemanagerissaidtohavearrivedbackfromPariswherehe_someEuropeanbusinesspartners.A.wouldmeetB.ismeetingC.meetsD.hadmetD(2012安徽卷安徽卷)35.Afterschoolwewenttothereadingroomtodosomereading,onlytobetoldthatit_.A.wasdecoratedB.B.haddecoratedC.C.hadbeendecoratingD.D.wasbeingdecorated D(2012湖南卷湖南卷)22.Dontworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonow_laterinlife.A.willberepaidB.wasbeingrepaidC.hasbeenrepaidD.wasrepaidA(2012四川卷四川卷)11.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse_.A.isbeingrebuiltB.hasbeenrebuiltC.isrebuiltD.hasrebuiltA结束结束