不定代词的用法备课讲稿.ppt

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1、不定代词的用法不定代词的用法代词的分类代词的分类 1.人称代词人称代词：有主格、宾格、所有格（含形：有主格、宾格、所有格（含形容词性和名词性两种所有格）容词性和名词性两种所有格）2.反身代词反身代词:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselvesthemselves3.指示代词指示代词:this,that,these,those4.疑问代词疑问代词:who,whom,what,which5.相互代词相互代词:eachother,oneanother6.不定词不定词:some,any,all,both,none,one,ea

2、ch,either,neither,other,another,something,anything,nothing,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,nobody7.关系代词关系代词(用于定语从句）用于定语从句）who,whom,whose，that,which,as主格主格Iyouhesheitwethey宾格宾格meyouhimheritusthem形容词形容词性物主性物主代词代词myyourhisheritsourtheir人称代词人称代词名词名词性物性物主代主代词词mine yours his hers its ours theirs不不定定代代词词有有

3、both,either,neither,one,theother,another,little,few,some,any,each,every,no,none等等，从从实实际际应应用用和和理理解解出出发发，重点学习以下几个：重点学习以下几个：(一一)both,either,neither(二二)one,another,theother(三三)little,alittle,few,afew(四四)some/any,no/none,each/every,many/much不定代词不定代词含义含义数量数量关系关系作定语时作定语时名词的数名词的数作主语时作主语时动词的数动词的数both两者都两者都=2

4、复数复数复数复数either两者中的任何两者中的任何一个一个=2单数单数单数单数neither两者都不两者都不=2单数单数单数单数all三者或三者以三者或三者以上都上都3单数或复单数或复数数单数或复单数或复数数none三者或三者以三者或三者以上都不上都不3单数或复单数或复数数each每一个每一个2单数单数单数单数every每一个每一个3单数单数单数单数both,either,neitherboth,either,neitherboth为为“两两者者都都”，neither为为“两两者者都都不不”，either为为“两者之一两者之一”。作主语：作主语：1)Both(ofthem)enjoyther

5、ice.2)Neither(ofus)isadoctor.3)Either(ofyou)willgo.注注意意：作作主主语语时时，both后后面面的的谓谓语语动动词词用用复复数数。neither,either后面的谓语动词一般用单数形式。后面的谓语动词一般用单数形式。作定语：作定语：1)BothZhangHuasfatherandmotherworkinahospital,butneitheroneisadoctor.2)Youmaytakeeitherapple.作宾语：作宾语：1)Ilikebothofthetoysverymuch.2)Theboycouldfindneitherofth

6、emandwentaway.3)Youmayplanteitherinthestreet.both还可作同位语还可作同位语，它们句中的位置是在，它们句中的位置是在动词动词be，助动词或情态动词的后面，但，助动词或情态动词的后面，但在实义动词前面。在实义动词前面。1)Theyarebothingoodhealth.2)2)Theywillbothgothere.3)3)Theybothagreedtotakepartinthebirthdayparty.either可可作作副副词词用用于于否否定定句句，表表示示“也也”，相当于肯定句中的相当于肯定句中的“too”。Thisisnotmine.Th

7、atisnot,either.这这不不是是我我的的，那也不是。那也不是。neither表表示示“也也不不”的的时时候候，常常用用在在倒倒装装的的结结构构形形式中：式中：Idontliketoplayfootball.Neitherdoeshe.Shehasntgotabike.NeitherhaveI.注意，注意，either和和or,neither和和nor，notonlybutalso连接两个连接两个并列主语时谓语动词根据就近原则并列主语时谓语动词根据就近原则如：如：1)BothZhangandWangaregoodstudents.2)Eitheryouorheisright.3)Nei

8、therhenorIamascientist.one,another,the other1.one常常用用来来作作代代词词，替替代代前前文文所所出出现现的的可可数数名名词词，表示人或物，以避免重复。表示人或物，以避免重复。Ihaventgotaballpen.Illhavetobuyone.Heisonetothinkmoreofothers.2.theother,another都都可可解解释释为为“另另一一个个”。other加加上上定定冠冠词词用用于于两两者者中中的的另另一一个个，another指指三三者者以上中的另一个。以上中的另一个。Hewastwobrothers.Oneisadoct

9、or,theotherisateacher.Idontlikethisone,showmeanother,please.Ivejustboughtthreethings.Oneisawalkman,anotherisapocketcalculator,thethirdisavideogame.3.another 还还有有“再再”的的意意思思，Haveanothercupofcoffee,please.Shecouldhavetostayhereforanotherweek.4.other有有“另外另外”的含义。例如：的含义。例如：Wherearetheotherstudents?Theboyi

10、smuchclevererthantheothertwo.分述三个或三个以上的人或物时,其句型是oneanotherthe thirdthe fourthShe has four books.one is an English book,another is a history one,the third is a physics one,and the fourth is a picture-book.5.others和和theothers表示复数的泛表示复数的泛指和特指。例如：指和特指。例如：Intheparksomeareplayinggames.Othersarewalkingnear

11、theriver.Ihavefivecolourpencils.Oneisred,anotherisblueandtheothersaregreen.6.therest也可作也可作“其余的其余的”解释。它用解释。它用作主语时注意谓语动词的单复数。例作主语时注意谓语动词的单复数。例如：如：TherestofhislifewasspentinAmerica.他的余生是在美国度过的。他的余生是在美国度过的。Hehaseightbooks.TwoareinEnglish.TherestareinChinese.little,a little,few,a few1.little与与alittle修修饰饰

12、不不可可数数名名词词，little“很很少少”，否否定定的的意意思思，alittle作作“少少许许”、肯肯定定的意思，的意思，Inthiswaytheycanmakethetripwithjustalittlemoney.Thereislittleleft,isthere?2.few,afew用用来来修修饰饰可可数数名名词词，前前者者表表示示否否定，后者表示肯定。定，后者表示肯定。AfewofusspeakEnglishwell.Therewerefeweggsinthefridge,sohewenttothesupermarketandboughtsome.3.few作主语时，谓语动词仍用复

13、数，作主语时，谓语动词仍用复数，Fewmenknowthis,dothey?4.常用词组有常用词组有quiteafew(好几个好几个)，onlyafew(只有一些只有一些)，notafew(很多很多)。HestudiedChineseforquiteafewyears.some,any,no,none,each,every,many,much（1）some和和any:some(一一些些，某某个个)句句中中可可作作主主语语、宾宾语语、定定语语等等，常常用用于于肯肯定定句句。作作定定语语时时，它它可可修修饰饰可可数数名名词词和和不不可可数数名名词词，可可数数名名词词是是单单数数时时，some表示表

14、示“某个某个”的意思。例如：的意思。例如：Therearesomenewspapersonthetable.Haveyouanyquestions?Yes,Ihavesome.Ihavereadthatinsomemagazine.当说活者表示提议、请求或期望得到肯定回当说活者表示提议、请求或期望得到肯定回答时，在疑问句中也可用答时，在疑问句中也可用some。例如：。例如：Wouldyoulikesometea?Couldyoulendmesomemoney?any“一些一些”用法相同于用法相同于some,但多用于疑问但多用于疑问句、否定句或条件从句。例如：句、否定句或条件从句。例如：Isth

15、ereanyinkinyourpen?Putupyourhandsifyouhaveanyquestions.注意：注意：注意：注意：1.any用用于于肯肯定定句句中中有有“任任何何一一个个”解解。常常用用于于比比较级句子中。较级句子中。Tomrunsfasterthananyotherboyinhisclass.Tomrunsfasterthananyoftheotherboysinhisclass.2.some,any,every,no可可以以与与body,thing,one构构成成合成代词，这些代词都作单数看待，表示人或物合成代词，这些代词都作单数看待，表示人或物Somethingisw

16、rongwithmybike.Somebodyisaskingtoseeyou.Nobodyisabsent.Ifyouwantanything,callme.（2）no和和none:none(没没有有一一个个，全全不不，都都不不)是是名名词词性性的的不不定定代代词词，可可作作主主语语和和宾宾语语，常常和和of短短语语连连用用，不不以以作作定定语语。none作作主主语语代代替替不不可可数数名名词词时时，谓谓语语用用单单数形式。代替可数名词时，谓语用单、复数均数形式。代替可数名词时，谓语用单、复数均Noneofusis/arefromBeijing.Noneofthemoneyismine.no

17、ne与与all相相对对，有有“全全不不”“全全部部”的的含含义义，因因此此all是是全全肯肯定定，none是是all的的全全部部否否定定，但但都都指指三三者以上的人或物。者以上的人或物。Weallmademistakes.Noneofuswascorrect.no是形容词性的不定代词，是形容词性的不定代词，只能用作定语只能用作定语，可修饰可数和不可数名词。可修饰可数和不可数名词。no等于等于nota或或notany加上名词。加上名词。Ihavenomoney.Ihavenotanymoney.noone相当于相当于nobody，意为没有人，谓语，意为没有人，谓语用单数。用单数。（3）each和

18、和every：each(每每个个，各各自自的的)强强调调个个体体，可可作作主主语语、宾宾语语、定语、同位语。定语、同位语。every(每每个个，一一切切的的)相相当当于于all，强强调调整整体体，只只能能作定语。作定语。Eachboyhasadictionary.Everyboyhasadictionary.注意：注意：every构成的常用词组构成的常用词组everyotherday每每隔隔一一天天/everyotherfivedays每每隔五天隔五天everyotherline每隔一行每隔一行/everyfivedays每五天每五天（4）many和和much：many修饰可数名词的复数，谓语

19、用复修饰可数名词的复数，谓语用复much修饰不可数名词，谓语用单数，它们修饰不可数名词，谓语用单数，它们可用在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，还可可用在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，还可在肯定句中作主语或修饰主语。例如：在肯定句中作主语或修饰主语。例如：Somuchfortoday.Therearemanybusesandcarsinthestreet.注意注意many已被已被alotof,alargenumberof,agreatmany所代替。所代替。much已被已被alotof,plentyof,agooddealof,agreat(large)quantityof所代替。所代替。Plentyof

20、,alotof/lotsof用于肯定句。用于肯定句。some,any,no,every组合的复合不定代词.当主句中的主语是指人的复合不定代词如everybody,everyone,anyone等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词they;当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词如everything,anything,something,nothing 等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词it.Everybody is here,arent they?Everything is ready,isnt it?当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时,

21、形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面.I have something important to tell you.We need one more helper.Can you find anyone else?everyone的意思等同与everybody,只能指人;every one既可指人也可指物,还可以和of短语连用.Everyone/Every one likes Mary.I have kept every one of her letters.1._ofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptasecret.A.EachB.AnyC.Noo

22、neD.None2.Wecouldnteatinarestaurantbecause_ofushad_moneyonus.A.all;noB.any;noC.none;anyD.noone;any3.Thereisatreeon_sideofthestreet.A.everyB.allC.eitherD.both4.Thereisadeskon_sideoftheroom.A.bothB.eitherC.allD.every5.WhichsidecanIsitontheboat?Ifyousitstill,youcansiton_.A.everysideB.allsides C.bothsid

23、esD.eitherside6.Itissaidthat_ofhisparentshavegonetoBeijing.A.allB.everyC.bothD.either7.Somestudentsareabsent-minded,_ofthemheardwhattheteachersaid.A.allB.noneC.everyD.notall8.Is_here?No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.nobody9.Theywereallverytired,but_ofthemwouldstoptotakea

24、rest.A.anyB.someC.noneD.neither10.CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?Imafraid_dayispossible.A.eitherB.neitherC.someD.any11.Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroomyoullhavetopay_5.A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each12.Isthereanyonewhocandothejob?.A.NoneB.NooneC.NotoneD.Notmanyones13.Iwantedsomewater,buttherewasinthebottle

25、.A.noneB.no C.anyD.nothing14.TomandMaryhavearrived,butstudentsinyourclassarenthereyet.A.otherB.othersC.theotherD.theothers15.DoSeptemberandAprilhavethirtydays?A.everyB.neitherC.eachD.all16.ofusisactiveinEnglishclass.A.EveryB.Everyone C.EveryoneD.Anybody17.WehaveEnglishclassesday,Mondays,Wednesdaysan

26、dFridays.A.eachotherB.everyotherC.thisandotherD.allother18.Tomhadabadcold.iswhyhedidntcometoschool.A.ItB.ThatC.ThisD.There19.Theyinvitedthethreeof,Tom,Bob,and.A.us,meB.we,IC.us,ID.we,we20.Whichofthetwobooksdoyouwant?Iwant_.Pleaseshowme_.A.none;anotherB.all;theotherC.neither;theotherD.neither;another

27、21._sideofthestreetislinedwithdifferentshops,_ofwhichsellelectronicproducts.A.Both;bothB.Either;allC.Neither;eitherD.Either;both22.Doyouneedanythingelse?Yes,westillneed_aircrafts.A.moretwoB.twomoreC.othertwopiecesof D.twootherpiecesof23.Ihadnoideawhichwasbetter,soItook_ofthem.A.anyB.everyC.noneD.both24.Theexaminationwaseasy,wasntit?Yes,butIdontthink_couldpassit.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.nobodyB.D.everybody结束结束