初中英语九年级状语从句课件上课讲义.ppt
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1、初中英语九年级状语从句初中英语九年级状语从句课件课件状语从句状语从句复习要点1.时间状语从句时间状语从句2.条件状条件状语语从句从句3.比比较较状状语语从句从句4.结结果状果状语语从句从句5.原因状原因状语语从句从句6.目的状语从句目的状语从句7.让让步状步状语语从句从句8.方式状语从句方式状语从句9.地点状语从句地点状语从句 The Adverbial Clause 状语从句状语从句 状语从句是副词性从句,其句法功能是修饰谓语动词、其他动词、定语、状语或整个句子等,在句中作状语,通常由从属连词引导。状语从句不仅是初中英语学习的重点,而且也是每年中考必考的内容之一。命题主要集中在引导状语从句的
2、连词、状语从句的时态等方面;从九大状语从句来看,应将复习重点放在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句和比较状语从句这四种上。一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有:引导时间状语从句的连词有:while,when,as,as soon as,till,until,notuntil,before,after,since,etc当主句用当主句用一般现在时或表示将来含义时,时间状语从句常用一般现在一般现在时或表示将来含义时,时间状语从句常用一般现在时表将来。时表将来。Ill tell you the news when I come back.She will call me
3、as soon as she arrives in Shanghai.难点链接难点链接1、在when引导的时间状语从句中,动作可以是表示延续的,也可以是表示瞬间的;while引导的从句中,动作一定是表示延续的 I was watching TV when Tom came in.Tom came in while I was watching TV.2、as“当.时;一边.一边.”,引导的时间状语从句,强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生,when与while也有此用法。另外when和as常表示从句动作先于主句动作,有时when还可以表示从句动作在主句动作之后。As she was dancin
4、g,she was singing.Its getting colder and colder as the winter comes.3、before“在.以前”,表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前;after“在之后”,表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。She was so interested in the book that she had read it for three hours before she realized it.I went to bed after I finished homework.4、until/till表示主句动作结束的时间。在肯定句中表示“直到.为止”
5、,主句要用延续性动词。My mother waited till/until I came back.在否定句中,until/till表示“直到.才”,主句通常用瞬间动词。这时until可用before替换。常构成:notuntil结构,有时可用never,nothing代替not.He didnt leave until/before I came back.5、since,ever since引导的时间状语从句,表示主句动作开始的时间,译为“自.以来”。主句常用一般现在时或现在完成时,从句用一般过去时,常用句型为:It has beensince从句;It is+一段时间+since从句。
6、(对 since 引导的时间状语提问要用how long).Its ten years since I worked in the hospital.He has taught us maths since he came here.Where have you been since I saw you last?6、由by the time引导的时间状语从句注意时态的变化:在一般情况下,如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时,主句的谓语动词用过去完成时;如果从句的谓语动词用一般现在时,主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。By the time you came back,I had finished thi
7、s book.By the time you come here tomorrow,I will have finished this work.7、由each time,every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句。Each time she came to Hainan,she would call on me.Whenever you go,I will follow you!You grow younger every time I see you.8、as soon as 表示主句表示主句发发生的生的动动作作发发生在从句生在从句动动作之后,作之后,意意为为“一一就就”。如
8、果主句是一般将来。如果主句是一般将来时时,情,情态动词态动词加加动词动词原原形或祈使句形或祈使句时时,时间时间状状语语从句用一般从句用一般现现在在时时。如:如:My brother went out as soon as I got home.Ill phone you as soon as I arrive in Tonghua 时间时间状状语语从句中从句中较难较难掌握的几点:掌握的几点:until(till)直到,在用直到,在用 until 表达表达时间时间状状语语的句子中,主句中的的句子中,主句中的动词动词是要十分小心去是要十分小心去选择选择。如如动词动词是持是持续续性性动词动词,它要用
9、肯定句,它要用肯定句,如:如:I studied hard until 12 oclock last night.如果如果动词动词是瞬是瞬间间截止截止性性动词动词,则则要用否定句,要用否定句,如:如:He didnt go to bed until his mother came back由由since,for,by,before 来引来引导导的的时间时间状状语语从句。从句。since 引引导导的的时间时间状状语语是是动动作的开始作的开始时间时间,如:如:I have studied English since 1990.而由而由 by 引引导导的的时间时间状状语语通常是通常是动动作的作的结结
10、束束时间时间,如:如:I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term.而而before 则则多用于多用于完成完成时时,ago 则则多用于一般多用于一般过过去去时时,如:如:He had finished his work before twelve yesterday I left my hometown two years ago 在状在状语语从句中用一般从句中用一般现现在在时时或一般或一般过过去去时时表示将来。表示将来。它它们们可能可能是主句用一般将来是主句用一般将来时时,从句用一般,从句用一般现现在在时时,如:如:If it
11、rains,they wont go to the parkon Sunday 也可以主句是一般也可以主句是一般过过去去时时,从,从句用句用过过去将来去将来时时,如:如:He said if it rained the next day he would not go to the park 考考试试中常中常见见的考点有:要学生区的考点有:要学生区别别是条件、是条件、时时间间状状语语从句从句还还是是宾语宾语从句,因在从句,因在宾语宾语从句中从句中该该用什么用什么时态时态用什么用什么时时态态,如:如:I want to know if he will come here tomorrow 在在宾
12、语宾语从从句中的条件状句中的条件状语语从句与主句的关系,从句与主句的关系,如:如:I want to know if it rains he will come here tomorrow 注意注意:在在时间时间状状语语从句中,主句和从句之从句中,主句和从句之间间的的时态应时态应按下列按下列规规律确定。律确定。1)主句一般将来主句一般将来时时,从句用一般,从句用一般现现在在时时(特(特别别是用是用 as soon as 引引导导从句从句时时):The boy will be a writer when he grows up.Ill ring you up as soon as I get t
13、o New York.2)主句含有情主句含有情态动词态动词,从句用一般,从句用一般现现在在时时:When the lights are red,the traffic must stop.3)主句主句为为祈使句祈使句时时,从句用一般,从句用一般现现在在时时:Please dont go to bed before you finish your homework.4)主句主句为为一般一般过过去去时时,从句也用,从句也用过过去去时态时态:I liked reading when I was young.5)在在带带有有till或或until引引导导的的时间时间状状语语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句
14、用肯定式,从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含其含义义是是“一直到一直到时时”,谓语动词谓语动词只能用延只能用延续续性性动词动词。如果主句用否定式,。如果主句用否定式,其含其含义义是是“直到直到才才”,“在在以前不以前不”,谓语动词谓语动词可用瞬可用瞬间动词间动词。例例如:如:The young man read till the light went out.Lets wait until the rain stops.We wont start until Bob comes.Dont get off until the bus stops.二、地点状二、地点状语语从句从句 地点状地
15、点状语语从句一般由从句一般由连连接副接副词词where,wherever等引等引导导,已,已经经形成形成了固定的句型,如:了固定的句型,如:句型句型1:Where 从句,(从句,(there+)主句。)主句。Where bees are,there is honey.重点提示:重点提示:此句型通常此句型通常译译成成“哪里哪里哪里就哪里就”;主句在从句后面;主句在从句后面时时,there 可用可不用;如果主句在从句的前面可用可不用;如果主句在从句的前面时时,一般都不用,一般都不用there.句型句型2:Anywhere/Wherever从句,主句。从句,主句。Wherever the sea i
16、s,you will find seamen.Wherever he goes,Ill go.重点提示:重点提示:anywhere本身是个副本身是个副词词,但是,常可以引,但是,常可以引导导从句,相当于从句,相当于连词连词,意思相似于意思相似于wherever。anywhere引引导导的从句可位于主句之前,也的从句可位于主句之前,也可以位于主句之后。而可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是个本身就是个连词连词,表示,表示“在何在何处处、无无论论何何处处”。三、原因状三、原因状语语从句从句 由由because,as,since,for等等词词引引导导1)because表示的往往是表示的往往
17、是读读者不了解的、不明者不了解的、不明显显的原因,是全句的原因,是全句叙述的重点,叙述的重点,语语气最气最强强,只能用,只能用because回答由疑回答由疑问词问词why引引导导的的疑疑问问句。句。该该从句一般位于主句后;从句一般位于主句后;He was absent from the meeting that day because he had a bad cold.Because he was ill,he didnt go to school yesterday.重点提示:重点提示:because不能与并列不能与并列连词连词so同同时时在句中使用。在句中使用。She was late
18、for school because she missed the bus.=She missed the bus,so she was late for school.2)Since是指分析后的原因,读者多少了解,不是全部叙述的重点,语气较弱。since比as正式,两者不回答why引导的问句,而且其从句一般放在句首。Since you have read the story,I wont tell you again.Since everyone is here,lets begin our meeting.3)As 表示读者了解的明显原因,不是全句叙述的重点,较口语化,语气较弱。As I
19、was in a hurry,I left my book at home.As I knew he was ill,I didnt call him.4)有because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是对多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。He is absent today,because/for he is ill.He must be ill,for he is absent today.重点提示:重点提示:(1)because表示直接原因,表示直接原因,语语气最气最强强。because引引导导的原因状的原因状语语从句多放在主句之后。
20、回答由从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的提出的问题问题,只能用,只能用because。由。由as和和since引引导导的原因状的原因状语语从居多放在句首。从居多放在句首。例如:例如:(2)for是并列是并列连词连词,引,引导导的句子不置于句首,是一种非直接的、的句子不置于句首,是一种非直接的、随便附加随便附加说说明的理由或推断。明的理由或推断。The oil must be out,for the light went out.(3)because和和becouse of 也有明也有明显显的区的区别别。because后面要跟从后面要跟从句,而句,而because of 后面要跟名后面要跟名
21、词词短短语语。He is late for school because it rains heavily.He is late for school because of the heavy rain.四、四、目的状目的状语语从句从句 用以用以补补充充说说明主句中明主句中谓语动词发谓语动词发生的目的的从句叫做目的状生的目的的从句叫做目的状语语从句。表示目的状从句。表示目的状语语的从句可以由的从句可以由that,so that,so,in order that,in case等等词词引引导导。目的状。目的状语语从句常含有从句常含有can,could,may,might should等情等情态动
22、词态动词。Say it louder(so)that everyone can hear you.He left early so that he could catch the train.(1)目的状目的状语语从句通常由从句通常由 so that,in order that引引导导。例如:例如:We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that
23、we might save time.(2)so that既可引既可引导导目的状目的状语语从句,又可引从句,又可引导结导结果状果状语语从句。区从句。区别这别这两种从句的两种从句的办办法有两个:法有两个:1)目的状目的状语语从句里往往从句里往往带带有情有情态动词态动词can,could,may,might等。等。2)从意思上看,目的状从意思上看,目的状语语从句往往表示的目的很明确。从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如:例如:Speak clearly so that they may understand you.(目的状目的状语语从句)从句)Jack is badly ill so that he
24、has to rest.(结结果状果状语语从句从句)五、五、结结果状果状语语从句从句 结结果状果状语语从句表示从句表示结结果,通常位于主句之后。引果,通常位于主句之后。引导结导结果状果状语语从句从句的的连词连词(词组词组)有:)有:sothat,suchthat(如此如此.以至于),以至于),so that,that(结结果)等。果)等。(1)sothat 与与such.that的区的区别别 sothat 与与such.that常用句型如下:常用句型如下:so形容形容词词副副词词that从句从句 so形容形容词词a an单单数可数名数可数名词词that从句从句 such a an 形容形容词词
25、单单数可数名数可数名词词 that从句从句 such形容形容词词复数可数名复数可数名词词不可数名不可数名词词that从句从句 例如:例如:He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow himHe told us such funny stories that we all laughed He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk,so that
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