Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元测试题--高中英语人教版必修第一册.docx

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1、必修一unit4单元测试题第一部分 听力(略)第二部分 阅读理解第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ATake a closer look at the wonders of Kew Gardens by joining a guided walking tour. Led by our knowledgeable volunteer guides, it is a fun and informative way to explore the grounds.Free daily walking tours To

2、urs leave at 11 am and 1:30 pm from the information desk at Victoria Gate Plaza. Each guide presents their own tour and takes in the highlights(最精彩的部分）of the season.Themed tours Tours leave at 12 from the information desk at Victoria Gate Plaza. Our guides offer attractive seasonal themes including

3、Autumn Colour and Winter Evergreens.Expert-guided tours Every Tuesday throughout the year at 11 ： 30 am and 2 ： 30 pm well be holding an expert-guided tour. The tour will feature (以.为特色)a different plant each month and youll go behind the scenes and talk to Kew staff about their work. Youll find out

4、 interesting facts about the featured plant or fungus(真菌），including why its grown at Kew and how its used and cared for.Price The cost is 60 per guide (this does not include your entry to the Gardens). Each guide can take up to 15 people. Groups of more than 15 must book more than one guide. Smaller

5、 groups are also accepted but the cost remains 60.Tours take about one hour and may be booked from 10 am every day. Please note that no refunds （退款）can be given once tickets are booked.1. What time can you choose if you go to free daily walking tours?A. 9 am.B. 10 am.C. 11 am.D. 2 ：30 pm.2. What can

6、 we learn about expert-guided tours?A. People can get in touch with experts ahead of time.B. People have no choice but to go on Tuesday.C. People can be warmly received by the staff.D. People can have a taste of fungi,3. How much is the guide cost for 5 people?A. 60. B. 120.C. 150.D. 300. B In 1994,

7、 a violent earthquake struck Los Angeles. Despite the loss, earthquake scientists had some good news to report: The damage and death toll (死亡人数) could have been much worse. In this earthquake, over 60 people were killed. By contrast, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 clai

8、med 25,000 victims. There were relatively less injuries and deaths in Los Angeles because although it took place in the downtown, the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the citys highways. Moreover, changes made to the construction codes(规范) in Los Angeles during the

9、 last 20 years have strengthened the citys buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes. Instead of bragging about the good news, civil engineers are making further effort. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints(蓝图) for improved quake-resistant(抵御地震) buildings. The new designs

10、 should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert(插入) rubber and

11、 steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations (震动). The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquakes vibrations. When the ground shak

12、es and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction. To the new smart structures, a lot of people have voiced their view, and Tom, a director from a building company is one of them. He posted his view on his blog, “They could be very expensive t

13、o build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.”4. Whats the reason why the loss of lives in Los Angeles earthquakes was relatively low?A. New computers had been installed in the buildings.B. It happened in the remote country areas.C. The earth

14、quake in Los Angeles was not as strong as the one that shook America in 1988.D. Improvements had been made in the constructions of buildings and highways.5. Whats the meaning of the bold words “bragging about” in paragraph 4?A. laying aside B.showing off C.putting forward D.linking to6. Whats Toms o

15、pinion about the smart buildings discussed in the passage?A.It would cause serious financial problems.B.It would prevent some slight earthquakes for good.C.It would be worthwhile though costly.D.It would turn into living organism.7. Whats the authors purpose of writing the passage?A. to encourage ci

16、vil engineers to make wider use of computersB. to compare the consequences of the earthquakes that happened in the U.S.C. to introduce the history of quake-resistant building materialsD. to report the developments in constructing quake-resistant buildingsC Former UK Prime Minister Winston Churchill

17、(1874-1965) once said, “We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.” These are certainly words that millions of volunteers (志愿者) around the world could agree with. In the US, April is National Volunteer Month, which recognizes and thanks volunteers who lend their time, talen

18、t, and support to causes (事业) they care about. Volunteering means choosing to work without being paid for it. People who volunteer spend their time doing things they feel strongly about. For example, animal lovers may volunteer at an animal shelter to help improve the treatment and well-being of ani

19、mals. For students, valuable lessons may also be learned by volunteering. Take Andrew Makhoul, a sophomore (大二学生) at the University of Pennsylvania, as an example. Makhoul didnt spend the 2012 spring break partying. Unlike his classmates, who planned on relaxing after a term of hard work, the 19-yea

20、r-old decided to do something for people less fortunate than himself. He traveled to an orphanage (孤儿院) in Guatemala in Central America. The orphanage is in one of the poorest and most violent parts of the country, and depends on volunteers to stay open. Makhoul doesnt speak much Spanish, but he fou

21、nd communication wasnt a problem: “You communicated with love,” according to an article on his universitys website, “You could see love when you looked in their eyes.” Makhouls first time as a volunteer only lasted a week, but by the end of that week, he knew hed be back soon because he saw love and

22、 hope. US author Sherry Anderson once wrote, “Volunteers dont get paid, not because theyre worthless, but because theyre priceless.” And this is perhaps why volunteers all around the world keep doing what they do.8. Why is Winston Churchill mentioned in the first paragraph?A.To lead in the topic. B.

23、To sum up the main idea.C.To teach readers a lesson.D.To involve readers in a story.9. According to the passage, why is the National Volunteer Month held in the US ?A.To collect money for the volunteers.B.To offer care about the causes of volunteers.C.To encourage more to become volunteers.D.To appr

24、eciate the work of volunteers.10. How did Makhoul spend the 2012 spring break?A.He threw a party.B.He relaxed himself.C.He went to an animal shelter.D.He visited an orphanage.11. Which word can best describe the work of volunteers?A.Worthless.B.Priceless.C.Highly-paid.D.Badly-needed.D Which is bette

25、r for Earth: an electric or gas-powered vehicle? The answer to this question might seem blindingly obvious. Of course electric cars must be better for the environment, because they dont give off greenhouse gases as people drive. However, electric vehicles (EVs) arent perfect, and they come with thei

26、r own set of polluting problems. Their batteries require a large amount of energy to produce. Battery production is just one part of an electric cars life span. A study looked at the entire life cycle of an EVs emissions(排放), from mining the metals for the batteries to producing the electricity need

27、ed to power them, and then compared this with the average emissions of a gas-powered vehicle. The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electricity, theyre actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars. “Only when connected to the clean energy do EVs have an advantage ove

28、r the gas-powered cars on a greenhouse gas basis,” said Colin Sheppard, an expert in energy and transportation systems. Thats why more and more countries are decreasing the power supply from coal. In China, the national grid is improving with more efforts in renewable energy. For example, it has twi

29、ce as much wind energy capacity as the U.S. and it builds more solar panels per year than any other countries. Sheppard has modelled a future in which all cars are electric. “We want to understand what it might be like if all passenger vehicles were electrified.” The model suggests that if all vehic

30、les in the U.S. were electric, greenhouse-gas emissions would be 46% less every year. This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as “smart charging” in which cars are recharged at chosen times (often at night) to reduce the cost of electricity. In s

31、hort, its far easier to argue for buying an EV than a gas-powered vehicle. But what about the cost? Arent electric vehicles too expensive for most people?12. In which case do EVs get more heavy-polluted than gas-powered cars?A. Being powered only by batteries.B. Using coal-powered electricity.C. Sta

32、rting to give off greenhouse gases.D. Replacing gas-powered vehicles entirely.13. How does Sheppards model show the reduction of greenhouse-gas emissions?A. With a discussion.B. With an examination.C. With a comparison. D. With a questionnaire.14. What can be inferred from the text?A. China is makin

33、g advances in renewable energy.B. Compared with gas-powered cars, EVs are at an advantage.C. There is still room for the development of EVs.D. Its not a challenge to choose between EVs and gas-powered cars.15. What might the paragraph following the passage be about?A. Inventing green gas-powered veh

34、icles.B. Developing environment-friendly grids.C. Getting rid of fossil energy like coal and oil.D. Making electric vehicles more affordable.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)第三部分语言知识运用 From the dawn of civilization, paper records have been a method of keeping track of important and necessary documentation.

35、A common experience throughout the worlds record keeping has been the necessity to ensure that all documents are kept together, and none are lost. _16_ These included tying ribbons through the paper, and melting wax to secure the papers in place. For nearly 600 years, these were the methods used to

36、secure papers. _17_ In 1835, a machine that could mass-produce straight pins was invented by Howe J.I, an American inventor. Although straight pins (大头针) were originally designed for sewing and tailoring, people began using them as a quick and easy way to secure papers. _18_ In 1899 he patented the

37、device, which consisted of a wire bent into a particularly shaped hoop for the purpose of securing papers. During this time, however, the paperclip (回形针) was not a widely distributed device. Therefore, the Gem Manufacturing Company of England developed a machine to manufacture and standardize the pa

38、perclip design. _19_ Today the paperclip is a famous invention used throughout offices, schoolrooms, and business throughout the world. _20_A.The next paper invention was that of the straight pin.B.Before the paper clip, people had to be creative to keep paper together.C.The humble item only came in

39、to popular usage around the mid-19th century.D.Later, inspired by the straight pin, Norwegian Vaaler J. came up with the idea of the first paperclip.E.This manufacturing development allowed for the expansion of the modern paperclip worldwide.F.Being a wonder of simplicity and function, the paperclip

40、 remains a standard office supply throughout the worldG.Therefore, from the early 13th century people had created various methods to ensure documents were kept together.第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Technology now allows us to stream and download our favorite song

41、s through websites and apps. This means its easy to 21 and play the music we like, so we could enjoy it whenever and wherever we like. So, its surprising to know that the22 of some old tech is23 . A number of24 have been releasing their albums on vinyl (黑胶唱片) and cassette tape. While the latter tech

42、nology lacks the good digital audio quality that we25 to hear today, in its heyday, it was a popular way for teenagers to enjoy recorded music. The introduction of the Walkman, a portable cassette26 , in 1979 meant people could listen to music on the27 for the first time. By the end of 1989, 83 mill

43、ion28 were bought by British music fans, but the invention of the compact disk in the 1990s29 that. In the first six months of 2020, nearly 65 ,000 music cassettes were sold in the U.K. according to the Official Charts Companydouble the sales from the 30 period the previous year. Although this is on

44、ly a small fraction of overall music sales, cassette tapes are 31 items that can be kept and collectednot stored in the 32 . And the resurgence of the cassette has been helped by famous singers who have used this format to release their music. To listen to music on a cassette, you need a tape player

45、 or a personal stereo to play it on, but this hasnt 33 the new younger audienceits recent popularity seems to be more about buying memorabilia(纪念品). Although cassettes wont 34 streaming media as a way of listening to music, it does go to show how some tech 35 dies!21.A.keepB.makeC.accessD.release22.

46、A.appearanceB.existenceC.inventionD.popularity23.A.decreasingB.increasingC.remainingD.disappearing24.A.dancersB.musiciansC.fansD.teenagers25.A.expectB.failC.refuseD.agree26.A.playerB.workerC.rulerD.receiver27.A.marchB.watchC.moveD.go28.A.songsB.disksC.applicationsD.tapes29.A.stoppedB.changedC.witnes

47、sedD.knew30.A.sameB.nextC.equalD.past31.A.worthwhileB.valuableC.spiritualD.physical32.A.televisionB.cloudC.boxD.file33.A.attractedB.threatenedC.preventedD.described34.A.kickB.replaceC.becomeD.praise35.A.neverB.everC.evenD.always第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)After orbiting Earth for six months, the three members of Chinas Shenzhou mission r