人教版英语必修五第二单元知识点.ppt
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1、必修五必修五unit2unit2 单词及词组详解consist1)由由组成组成;由由构成构成(注意注意:不能用于被动语不能用于被动语态和进行时态态和进行时态)=be made up ofThe UK consists of four countries=The Uk is made up of four countries.This club consists of more than 200 membersWater consists of hydrogen and oxygenThe teachers job consists of giving lessons and taking ca
2、re of the students.2)consist in 基于基于,在于在于,存在存在之中之中The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.What does happiness consist in?3)consist with:一致一致The report consists with facts.2.England can be divided into three main areas.英国可以分成三大部分。英国可以分成三大部分。divide 意为意为“把一个整体分成若干个部把一个整体分成若干个部分分”常与
3、常与 into,among,between 搭配搭配 divide into 把把分成分成 divide sth.among sb.在在分配分配 divide A from B使分离使分离;使分开使分开 divide by用用除以除以 Lets divide the class into 4 groups.He divides his energies between politics and business.Jack divided the rest of the cash among their partners.Six divided by three is two.划分划分;把整体分
4、成若干部分把整体分成若干部分,破破坏了宾语的完整性。坏了宾语的完整性。分隔分隔;把原来连在一起或靠近把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来的分隔开来,没有破坏宾语的没有破坏宾语的完整性完整性,只是将宾语分开。只是将宾语分开。divideseparate辨析辨析:divide,separateThe world is divided into five continents.Lets divide the cake into three.He separated the big eggs from the small ones.The grinding machine(碾谷机碾谷机)separates
5、the grain from the husk(糠糠).1.The apple was _ into two.2.We _the money equally.3.Oxygen can be _ from water.4.The Taiwan Strait _ Taiwan from Fujian.试一试试一试divideddividedseparatedseparatespuzzle n/v puzzled a.puzzling a.1)n.难题难题,谜谜,迷惑迷惑,困惑困惑2)v.使使迷惑迷惑/困惑困惑A crossword puzzlebe in a puzzle about sthI a
6、m in a puzzle about the matter.The question puzzled me.Im puzzled about what to do next.puzzle oneself(ones brain)about sth=puzzle over sth 苦苦思索,为苦苦思索,为大伤脑筋大伤脑筋I am puzzling my brain about how to make my lesson lively and interesting.I puzzled over the question for quite a while.He listened to the l
7、ecture with a _ expression.A.puzzled B.puzzling C.puzzle D.being puzzled2)I hope that what I say will clarify the misunderstanding.3)His mind suddenly clarified.-fy 构成动词词缀,意思是构成动词词缀,意思是 使使,如如satisfy,terrify beautify simplify Clarify v.使(某事物)清楚,澄清使(某事物)清楚,澄清clarification to clarify a remark/statement
8、/fact/issues/the meaning ofclarify how/what-clause1)I will clarify my position/stand at a proper time.澄清立场澄清立场 refer to 1)We agree never to refer to the matter again.提到;谈及提到;谈及 2)Complete the exercise without referring to a dictionary.查阅查阅 3)Who does the pronoun in the third sentence refer to?指的是指的是
9、 4)The speaker referred to him as an up-and-coming(有前途的)(有前途的)politician.把把称作称作1)Are they coming as well/too?2)She is a talented musician as well as a photographer.3)He plays guitar as well.as well/as well as4)E-mail,as well as telephone,_ an important part in daily communication.A.is playing B.have
10、 played C.are playing D.play5)Miss Han,_ Mrs.Howe,speaks good French.They often talk in French.A.so well as B.as good as C.as well as D.so good as 6)John plays football _,if not better than,David.A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well asNow when people refer to England you find Wales included as
11、 well.find+宾语宾语+宾语补足语,宾语补足语,included为为过去分词作宾语补足语。过去分词作宾语补足语。find在该结在该结构中表示构中表示“发现,觉得,发现发现,觉得,发现处于处于某种状态某种状态”。find后的宾语补足语通后的宾语补足语通常由以下几种形式充当:常由以下几种形式充当:1 find+宾语宾语+现在分词现在分词 Tom found the girl walking in the direction of the small village.2 find+宾语宾语+过去分词过去分词Then I found the hero surrounded by a group
12、 of soldiers.3 find+宾语宾语+介词短语介词短语 Suddenly I found my mother at the edge of the river.4 find+宾语宾语+形容词形容词 Li Ming found himself wet when he arrived home.5 find+宾语宾语+名词名词 I find him the man who saved me.Accomplish1.完成完成,实现实现,做成功做成功 I have accomplished a great deal in the last few months.2.达到达到(目的目的);完
13、成;完成(任务、使命、计划、事任务、使命、计划、事业等业等);实现;实现(诺言、计划等诺言、计划等)This task is accomplished by great effort.这项任务是经过巨大努力才完成的。这项任务是经过巨大努力才完成的。3.做到,做成,做成功做到,做成,做成功 She seems to accomplish nothing.她似乎没有任何建树。她似乎没有任何建树。辨析辨析 complete,finish,end,accomplish 这些词均含这些词均含“结束,完成结束,完成”之意。之意。complete:侧重指完成预定的任务或使某侧重指完成预定的任务或使某事完善,
14、补足缺少的部分等。事完善,补足缺少的部分等。finish:与与complete基本同义,着重圆满地基本同义,着重圆满地结束或完成已着手的事。结束或完成已着手的事。end:最普通用词,着重事情的完成。也指最普通用词,着重事情的完成。也指某种活动因达到目的而自然结束或由于某某种活动因达到目的而自然结束或由于某种原因而突然中止。种原因而突然中止。accomplish:正式用词,强调一个过程的正式用词,强调一个过程的完成;也可指依靠努力达到一定目的,或完成;也可指依靠努力达到一定目的,或取得一定的结果。取得一定的结果。5.However,just as they were going to get I
15、reland connected to form the United Kingdom,the Southern part of that country broke away to form its own government.然而然而,正当他们打算把爱尔兰也同另外正当他们打算把爱尔兰也同另外三个国家联合起来形成联合王国的时三个国家联合起来形成联合王国的时候候,爱尔兰的南部却分离出去了。爱尔兰的南部却分离出去了。break v.(broke,broken)习惯搭配习惯搭配:break away 挣脱挣脱,逃脱;脱离逃脱;脱离,背叛背叛break down 抛锚抛锚,出故障出故障,身体跨了身
16、体跨了break into 闯入闯入,突然发出突然发出break out (战争、瘟疫、火灾战争、瘟疫、火灾)爆发爆发break off 中断中断break the rules 违反规则违反规则break the records打破记录打破记录Our car broke down.The peace talk between the two counties has broken down.Yesterday two thieves broke into his house.As she was talking,he suddenly broke in,saying,Thats a lie.(
17、interrupt)He broke off a piece of chocolate.War broke out in 1914.The meeting broke up at ten to three.Shes just broken up with her boyfriend.(机器机器)损坏损坏,抛锚抛锚(身体,精神)(身体,精神)垮掉垮掉 谈判中止谈判中止 破门而入破门而入打扰打扰,插话插话掰碎,把掰碎,把分成碎片,分成碎片,与与分开分开;分裂分裂 结束结束credit 信任,学分,赞扬,信贷信任,学分,赞扬,信贷 He earned enough credits for his d
18、egree学分You should give him some credit for all the efforts hes put in.赞扬No credit is given to this restaurant.本店概不赊账Its much to her credit that Joy overcame all the difficulties.值得表扬 credit card 信用卡信用卡 on credit 赊账,记账赊账,记账He bought the furniture on credit.他赊他赊帐买了这家具。帐买了这家具。V 相信相信 Nobody credited his
19、 story.没有人相信没有人相信他的话。他的话。6.Although the four countries do work together in some areas(for example,in international relations),they are still different.尽管这四个国家在某些方面尽管这四个国家在某些方面(如国际如国际关系方面关系方面)是合作的是合作的,但它们还是不同但它们还是不同的。的。注意注意work together是一个习惯用语是一个习惯用语,不不能按字面意思直译。如能按字面意思直译。如It doesnt work.在此处的在此处的work被
20、译为被译为“起起反应反应,起作用起作用”由动词由动词work构成的词组:构成的词组:work well 做得好做得好work sth.in/into sth.设法把设法把.加进加进work at something 从事从事work out 算出算出work ones will on/upon somebody 将某人的意志强加给别人将某人的意志强加给别人7.England is the largest of the four countries and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.在这四个国家中在这四个国家中,
21、英格兰最大英格兰最大,为了方便为了方便起见起见,它大致被分为了三个地区。它大致被分为了三个地区。convenience n.convenient adj.方便方便,便利便利 for convenience 为了方便为了方便起见at ones convenience 在某人方便时在某人方便时convenient 主语通常是物而不是人主语通常是物而不是人be convenient to/for sb对某人方便对某人方便be convenient for sb.to do sth.某人某人做某事方便做某事方便n.便利的设施便利的设施/设备设备(可数可数)n.方便方便/便利便利(不可数不可数)1 I
22、keep my reference books near my desk for convenience.2 We bought this house for its convenience.3 Please come at your convenience.4The newly-built office building is equipped with many modern conveniences.5 Will the 3:50 train be convenient to you?Come and see me whenever _.A.you are convenient B.yo
23、u will be convenientC.it is convenient to you D.it will be convenient to you未经加工未经加工rough diamonds.概略的:不完善概略的:不完善 a rough drawing 草图草图粗鲁无礼的态度粗鲁无礼的态度rough manners.不愉快,艰难的:不愉快,艰难的:had a rough time during the exam.a rough winter严冬严冬粗糙的不光滑的粗糙的不光滑的 a rough surface/hands粗暴的,粗野粗暴的,粗野 的的ran with a rough cro
24、wd.in rough=roughly 粗略地粗略地8.However,these industrial cities built in the 19th century do not have the historical attractions of other places.然而然而,这些在十九世纪建立起来的城市这些在十九世纪建立起来的城市却没有其它地方所具有的历史魅力。却没有其它地方所具有的历史魅力。attraction n.attract v.attractive adj1)吸引,引力吸引,引力;2)吸引人的东西吸引人的东西;喜闻乐见的东西喜闻乐见的东西;精彩节精彩节目目 attra
25、ction of gravity 重力重力 scenic/tourist attraction(s)旅游胜地旅游胜地 He cant resist the attraction of the sea on hot day.酷热的夏天他经不住海的诱酷热的夏天他经不住海的诱惑。惑。A big city offers many and varied attractions.大城市有多种多样吸引人的东西。大城市有多种多样吸引人的东西。What are the principle attractions this evening?今天晚上的拿手节目是什么?今天晚上的拿手节目是什么?All of the
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