人教版高中英语必修3unit3宾语从句.ppt

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1、人教版必修3 Unit 3 GrammarNoun clauses宾语从句-The Object Clause表语从句 什么是宾语什么是宾语(Object)？v宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式名词、代词、不定式或相当于相当于名词的词、短语、从句名词的词、短语、从句来担任。英语的及物动词后必须有宾语。宾语一般放及物动词之后，它和及物动词及物动词一起说明主语做什么。说明，除及物动词有宾语之外，英语介词介词后面也要有宾语。找找看，找找看，谁是宾语？谁是宾语？v1.Show your ,please.请出示护照。v2.He didnt say .她什么也没说。v3.-H

2、ow many apples do you want?-I want .你要几个？我要两个。v4.They sent to hospital.他们把伤员送到医院。v5.The asked .他们要求看我的护照。passport名词作宾语名词作宾语代词作宾语代词作宾语 anythingtwo数词作宾语数词作宾语 名词化的形容词作宾语名词化的形容词作宾语 the injuredto see my passport不定式作宾语不定式作宾语 v6.I enjoy .我和你们一道工作很愉快。v7.I think .我想你是对的。v8.Did you write down?你把他的话记下了没有？v我们今天

3、要学的宾语从句，就是从句我们今天要学的宾语从句，就是从句作宾语的情况，如例句作宾语的情况，如例句7，8.找找看，找找看，谁是宾语？谁是宾语？working with youing形式作宾语形式作宾语 that you are right从句作宾语从句作宾语（及物动词后）（及物动词后）what he said从句作宾语从句作宾语（介词后）（介词后）一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念 宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。宾语宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的

4、宾语。语。eg.We know（that)Mr Green teaches English.You should think about what your teacher said just now.二、宾语从句三要素：二、宾语从句三要素：连连 接接 词词时时 态态语语 序序连词that,if,whether;连接代词who,whose what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。不管原句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一律变陈述语序 连接词连接词/引导词引导词 原句句子类型句子类型 that陈述句陈述句一般疑问句一般疑问句if/whether特殊疑问词特殊疑问词特殊疑问句

5、特殊疑问句（一）连（一）连 接接 词词1.连词连词that引导：作从句的原句是陈述句。引导：作从句的原句是陈述句。1)He says 1)He says“Jim is doing his homeworkJim is doing his homework”.He He says(thatsays(that)_.)_.(2)Tom said(2)Tom said“I like I like collectingstampscollectingstamps”.Tom Tom said(thatsaid(that)_.)_.Jim is doing his homeworkJim is doing

6、his homeworkhehe likedliked collecting stamps collecting stamps2.连词连词if/whether“是否是否”，用它，用它引导从句，引导从句，说明说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)you tell me 等后。原句等后。原句为一般疑问句，选择疑问句或反意疑问句。为一般疑问句，选择疑问句或反意疑问句。1.MrMr Brown asks me Brown asks me“Have you ever been to Have you ever been to P

7、aris?Paris?”MrMr Brown asks me_.Brown asks me_.2.2.“Does Miss Brown live in that house?Does Miss Brown live in that house?”Could you tell me_Could you tell me_/I wonder _/I wonder _if/whether if/whether I I have ever been to have ever been to parisparis if/whether Miss Brown if/whether Miss Brown li

8、veslives in that house?in that house?3.当从句原本是特殊疑问句时，用以下连接代词当从句原本是特殊疑问句时，用以下连接代词和连接副词引导：和连接副词引导：what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why,how,how far,how long,how many,how much,how often 1.Tom:What1.Tom:Whats s your e-mail address?your e-mail address?Bob:What did Tom ask you?Bob:What did Tom ask you?I

9、:He asked me_.I:He asked me_.2.Cindy:Why 2.Cindy:Why is Jimis Jim late for school?late for school?Betty:What does Cindy want to know?Betty:What does Cindy want to know?I:She wonders _.I:She wonders _.what my e-mail address what my e-mail address waswaswhy why Jim isJim is late for school late for sc

10、hool 注意：注意：连接词连接词that和和if/whether在从句中不担任句子在从句中不担任句子成分，无具体意义。成分，无具体意义。而连接代词而连接代词who,what,which,whose和连接副和连接副词词when,where,why,how等在从句中等在从句中 担任句子成分，具有一定的意义。担任句子成分，具有一定的意义。eg:I didnt hear _he wanted me to do.I want to know _is that young man.Tom asked us_we would start the party.whatwhowhen试比较：I didnt h

11、ear _ he wanted me to help him.that主句时态主句时态从句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时来时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任根据句意的需要用任意一种时态意一种时态 一般过去时一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去与原句相对应的过去时态时态(也就是用一般过也就是用一般过去时，过去进行时，过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时去将来时，过去完成时)客观事实、真理、自客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、然现象、名言警句、谚语等谚语等 一律用一般现在时一律用一般现在时 一般现在时（一般现在时（v.原原/v+s/es)-一般过去时一般过去时(ed

12、)一般将来时一般将来时(will v.原原)-过去将来时过去将来时(would v.原原)现在进行时现在进行时-过去进行时过去进行时(am/is/are+v-ing)(was/were+v-ing)现在完成时现在完成时-过去完成时过去完成时(have/has+v.pp)(had+v.pp)根据汉语提示，完成句子。注意时态的同时还要注意语序！1.He says_.(他说他爸爸三天后回来)2.Our teacher asks _.(昨天谁打碎了玻璃)3.We will know_.(这辆车多少钱）4.Please tell me_.(他们正在谈论什么)that his father will be

13、 back in three days who broke the window yesterdaywhat they are talking abouthow much the car is4.He asked his father _(他问他爸爸这件事是怎样发生的）5.“Have you heard of anything about Mei?”The man asked us.The man asked us_how it happened.if/whether we had heard of anything about Mei.6.When I was young，my father

14、 told me that_Beijing is the capital of China.爸爸在我小时候告诉我北京是中国的首都。7.Our teacher told us_the earth goes around the sun.老师告诉我们地球是绕着太阳转的。宾语从句三要素：宾语从句三要素：连连 接接 词词时时 态态语语 序序连词that,if,whether;连接代词who,whose what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。不管原句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一律变陈述语序 主句时态主句时态从句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时来

15、时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任根据句意的需要用任意一种时态意一种时态 一般过去时一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去与原句相对应的过去时态时态(也就是用一般过也就是用一般过去时，过去进行时，过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时去将来时，过去完成时)客观事实、真理、自客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、然现象、名言警句、谚语等谚语等 一律用一般现在时一律用一般现在时 一般现在时（一般现在时（v.原原/v+s/es)-一般过去时一般过去时(ed)一般将来时一般将来时(will v.原原)-过去将来时过去将来时(would v.原原)现在进行时现在进行时-过去进行时过去进行时(am/is/are+

16、v-ing)(was/were+v-ing)现在完成时现在完成时-过去完成时过去完成时(have/has+v.pp)(had+v.pp)三、三、宾语从句注意事项宾语从句注意事项(一一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：作主语时，语序不变：Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happening?eg:I dont know whats the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?(二二)只能用只能用whether不能用不能用if的情况的情况1.在在介词介词后面：后

17、面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We didnt think about whether it would rain the next day.2.在在动词不定式动词不定式前：前：They asked me whether to sit at the front.3.当与当与or not连用，或连用，或提出两种选择提出两种选择时时:I dont know whether hes free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether y

18、oud like to go shopping or tidy the room.4.宾语从句提前时：宾语从句提前时：Whether this is true or not,I cant say.5.在动词在动词discuss后的后的宾语从句中宾语从句中:We discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week.6.引导引导表语表语从句或位于从句或位于句首句首的的主语主语从句从句用用whether：Whether he is right or wrong is a question.The question was whethe

19、r he went there last night.(三三)用用if不用不用whether的情况的情况:1.引导引导否定否定概念的宾语从句时：概念的宾语从句时：He asked me if I hadnt finish my homework.2.引导条件状语从句，引导条件状语从句，if意为意为“如果如果”时时:Well go hiking if it doesnt rain 主句将来时主句将来时 一般时一般时tomorrow.四、that 的省略五、用it作形式宾语时六、否定转移详情请见资料第四大点 宾语从句专题练习v()1 The girls asked if they _ some f

20、ood and drink with them.vA.took B.take C.takes D.will takev()2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.vA.has never gone B.had never gone vC.has never been D.had never beenv()3 The students want to know whether they_ dictation today.vA.had B.has C.will have D.arev()4 She asked Linda if_ go and get so

21、me.vA.could she B.she could C.she can D.she mayv()5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.vA.travelled B.has travelled vC.travells D.had travelled v()1 Can you tell me_ you were born,Betty?vA.who B.what C.when D.thatv()2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam.vA.what B.if C.when D.wherev()3 I hardly

22、 understand_ he has told me.vA.that B.what C.which D.whov()4 She didnt know_ back soon.vA.whether he would be vB.if would he be C.he will bev()5 I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years.vA.whether B where C.what D.whenv()6 Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening?vA.what B when

23、C why D howv()7 He asked me _told me the accident.vA whom B which C who D whosev()1.They dont know _their parents are.vA that B what C why D whichv()2.Please tell me _ last year.vA.where does your sister work vB where did your sister work vC where your sister works vD where your sister worked v()3.S

24、he asked me if I knew _.vA.whose pen is it B.whose pen it was vC.whose pen it is D.whose pen was itv()4.You must remember _.vA.what your mother said vB.what did your mother say vC.your mother said what vD.what has your mother saidv()5 Did you know _?vA.who he was looking after vB.who was he looking

25、for vC.who he is looking for vD.who he is looking afterv()6 Could you tell me _?vA.when will they leave Beijingv B.when would they leave Beijing vC.when they will leave Beijing vD.when did they leave BeijingvHomework 仔细研读所发资料里表语从句的内容，仔细研读所发资料里表语从句的内容，并独自思考，尝试完成语法专练里的并独自思考，尝试完成语法专练里的一，二，三大题。一，二，三大题。GOOD BYE!