中国运动文化 英文版.ppt

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1、Chapter 7SportsA Glimpse of Chinese Culture 本章教学的目的本章教学的目的n n1.中国传统健身活动中国传统健身活动;n n2.奥运会的概况奥运会的概况;n n3.中国优秀体育项目。中国优秀体育项目。本章教学的重难点本章教学的重难点n n1.中国传统健身活动介绍；中国传统健身活动介绍；n n2.中国与奥林匹克；中国与奥林匹克；n n3.讨论：政府如何加强全民健身运动。讨论：政府如何加强全民健身运动。本章教学的时间安排本章教学的时间安排n n教师课堂讲解教师课堂讲解(60(60 minutesminutes)1.Traditional Physical

2、Culture 1.Traditional Physical Culture(30 minutes)(30 minutes)2.The Olympics and China 2.The Olympics and China(10 minutes)(10 minutes)3.Chinas Outstanding Competitive Sports 3.Chinas Outstanding Competitive Sports (20minutes)(20minutes)n n讨论讨论(10 10 minutes)minutes)n n学生课间展示学生课间展示(30(30 minutes)min

3、utes)Traditional Physical Culturen nSport in ancient timesn nEthnic Sport n nTraditional physical activities n nNational physical fitnessSport in ancient timesn nAs an important part of popular culture,sports in China began to take real shape during the Qin,Han and Three Kingdoms periods.Sporting im

4、ages have been recorded over the Dynasties by sepulchral(坟墓的坟墓的)mural paintings,stone paintings(岩画岩画),brick paintings(画像砖画像砖),pottery figurines(人物像人物像)and poems.equestrian polo 击鞠击鞠 n nDuring the Tang Dynasty,equestrian polo During the Tang Dynasty,equestrian polo was popular in the palace,the army

5、and was popular in the palace,the army and among the men of literati(among the men of literati(文人墨客文人墨客文人墨客文人墨客).).Cuju 蹴鞠蹴鞠 n nCujuCuju (蹴鞠蹴鞠蹴鞠蹴鞠)was so was so popular in the Song popular in the Song Dynasty that everyone Dynasty that everyone from the emperor to from the emperor to ordinary people

6、 ordinary people participated in it.participated in it.Chuiwan 垂丸垂丸n nIn the Yuan Dynasty,In the Yuan Dynasty,people like playing a people like playing a game called game called ChuiwanChuiwan,which is similar to golf which is similar to golf as shown in the mural as shown in the mural Hitting Balls

7、Hitting Balls.Ethnic Sport n nWith around 1,000 kinds of Ethnic sports,some of With around 1,000 kinds of Ethnic sports,some of the more well known ones are Mongolian the more well known ones are Mongolian wrestling,horsemanship(wrestling,horsemanship(马术马术马术马术)and archery;and archery;HuiHui kicking

8、the shuttlecock(kicking the shuttlecock(毽球毽球毽球毽球)and the tug-of-war and the tug-of-war(拔河拔河拔河拔河););Tibetan yak(Tibetan yak(牦牛牦牛牦牛牦牛)racing;racing;MiaoMiao swinging swinging and dragon-boat racing;and dragon-boat racing;ZhuangZhuang throwing of throwing of colored silk balls(colored silk balls(抛绣球抛绣球

9、抛绣球抛绣球););Korean swinging and Korean swinging and see-sawing jumping(see-sawing jumping(跳板跳板跳板跳板););Manchu skating;Manchu skating;Dong walking on stilts(Dong walking on stilts(踩高跷踩高跷踩高跷踩高跷););YaoYao whipping whipping tops(tops(打陀螺打陀螺打陀螺打陀螺).).Traditional Physical Activities n nMartial arts(Wushu 武术武

10、术)n nDistinguished Chinese Martial Arts Martial artsn nWushuWushu is also called Kong fu.According to the is also called Kong fu.According to the formation of Chinese characters,formation of Chinese characters,武武武武(wuwu)is made)is made up of up of 止止止止 and and 戈戈戈戈.The former means“stop”while The fo

11、rmer means“stop”while the later means“dagger-axe”or“any kind of the later means“dagger-axe”or“any kind of weapon”.The combination of the two means weapon”.The combination of the two means stopping martial actions.With stopping martial actions.With 术术术术(shushu),which),which means strategies,together,

12、the term means“means strategies,together,the term means“using using methods and skills to stop martial actions and methods and skills to stop martial actions and activities”.activities”.Another meaning of this word is the Another meaning of this word is the martial activities between two people or t

13、wo martial activities between two people or two groups with the weapons.groups with the weapons.Modern martial arts consist of five categoriesn nBoxing n nWeapon exercises n nSparring exercises n nActual combat n nTeamwork Boxingn nshadow boxing(太极拳)Weapon exercisesSparring exercises Teamwork Distin

14、guished Chinese Martial Arts n nShaolinShaolin Boxing Boxing It is the representative It is the representative boxing style of the Long boxing style of the Long Boxing.Characterized by Boxing.Characterized by sturdiness(sturdiness(坚定坚定坚定坚定),),fast fast attacks,and coordinated attacks,and coordinated

15、(协调的协调的协调的协调的)forward and forward and backward moves.Its backward moves.Its serial moves are mostly serial moves are mostly short and straight.short and straight.n nShadow boxingShadow boxingA school of Chinese A school of Chinese popular martial arts popular martial arts marked for slow and marked

16、for slow and gentle movements gentle movements that are designed for that are designed for defense,defense,strengthening of strengthening of physique and physique and prevention of diseases.prevention of diseases.n nQigongQigong,also called deep breathing exercises,is also called deep breathing exer

17、cises,is practiced by the Chinese on a regular basis to practiced by the Chinese on a regular basis to keep fit.Literally“keep fit.Literally“qiqi”means“air”implying”means“air”implying“life force”.The purpose of“life force”.The purpose of qigong qigong is to is to coordinate the health of the mind an

18、d body.coordinate the health of the mind and body.Five-animal exercises n nThe“five-animal exercises”is The“five-animal exercises”is a set of health building a set of health building exercise imitating the exercise imitating the movements of five animalsmovements of five animalstiger,deer,bear,ape a

19、nd bird.tiger,deer,bear,ape and bird.Its a physical exercises Its a physical exercises combined with combined with qigongqigong and and was initiated by was initiated by HuaHua TuoTuo.National physical fitnessn nThere are many gymnasiums and stadiums across China,most of them are open to and widely

20、used by the general public.n nBody-building equipment can be found everywhere in the communities or any public places.Similarly,there is a growing trend for people to engage in their own ways to keep fit.Dragon boat racingn nDragon boat racing is an activity held each year during the Dragon Boat Fes

21、tival in many places along rivers and on the coast today.This is an ancient Chinese sport,very engaging and colorful,where large boats with up to 20 paddlers race against each other.The paddlers will row and stroke together,following the rhythmical drumbeats.Dragon and lion dancen nDragon and lion d

22、ance is not only a popular part of traditional festivals held throughout China,but is also a competitive sport.In competition,the dancers are required to perform set martial-arts-style technical movements and compete by climbing a frame and trying to win honor by seizing an object on the top.Kite Fl

23、yingn nKite Flying is a traditional Chinese pastime,with millions of participants across the nation.As a sport,it became an official event in 1991.The Weifang International Kite Festival is a kite competition and exhibition that attracts tens of thousands of participants from all over the world.Yang

24、gen nYangge is a traditional dance accompanied by rhythmic folk music or singing,with the dancers dressed in costumes and holding fans or handkerchiefs.It is very popular in many areas of northern China and among the middle-aged and elderly.Horse racingn nHorse racing is essential to the lifestyle o

25、f many ethnic groups,especially in the areas of Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang,Tibet,Qinghai,Gansu,Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan.The prairies(草原草原)in those areas provide natural fields for horse racing.There are regional variations and the types of competition are diverse.Tug-of-War(拔河拔河)n nTug-of-War is a tr

26、aditional game in which many Tug-of-War is a traditional game in which many ethnic groups participate with vigor.Today,it is ethnic groups participate with vigor.Today,it is popular at sport.popular at sport.n nIn the game two teams equal in number tug on In the game two teams equal in number tug on

27、 opposite ends of a rope and each try to pull the opposite ends of a rope and each try to pull the central mark on the rope across a line onto its side.central mark on the rope across a line onto its side.The game provides an entertaining highlight and The game provides an entertaining highlight and

28、 causes considerable good-natured amusement.causes considerable good-natured amusement.The team that wins does so through strength and The team that wins does so through strength and the spirit of cooperation.the spirit of cooperation.Rope Skipping(跳绳跳绳)n nRope Skipping(Rope Skipping(跳绳跳绳跳绳跳绳)is a f

29、un sport for both is a fun sport for both children and adults.With simply a rope,people children and adults.With simply a rope,people have invented many ways to play and compete.A have invented many ways to play and compete.A skilled person can turn the rope many times in skilled person can turn the

30、 rope many times in quick succession while keeping his or her feet off quick succession while keeping his or her feet off the ground in a single jump.Couples can skip the ground in a single jump.Couples can skip together.Using a long rope with two people together.Using a long rope with two people sw

31、irling it in unison at the two opposite ends,a swirling it in unison at the two opposite ends,a whole group of people is able to join in.Many whole group of people is able to join in.Many schools encourage their students to participate in schools encourage their students to participate in this healt

32、hy activity.this healthy activity.Radio broadcasting callisthenics(广播体操广播体操)n nRadio broadcasting callisthenics is a very popular and required sport in the schools and universities.Exercises and callisthenic are often led by a radio broadcast with musical accompaniment.The Olympics and Chinan nAbout

33、 the Olympicsn nThe Olympics and Chinan nChinas Outstanding Competitive SportsAbout the Olympicsn nThe Olympic Games are an international sport competition,held every four years.Until 1992 the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics were held in the same year,but beginning in 1994 they were reschedu

34、led so that they are held in alternating(间隔的间隔的)even-numbered years.The origin of the Olympic Gamesn nThe original Olympic Games were held in ancient Greece between 776 BC and 393 AD,as a celebration of the god Zeus.The games were held every 4 years at Olympia,in the eastern Peloponnese(伯罗奔尼撒半岛伯罗奔尼撒

35、半岛),and included chariot(四轮马车四轮马车)and horse races,foot races,boxing,wrestling,and the pentathlon(五项运动五项运动).The revival of Olympic Games in modern timesn nThe revival of Olympic Games in modern times was attributed tothe French educator and thinker Pierre de Coubertin,who saw them as a means to promo

36、te peace.n n The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896.Pierre de CoubertinThe Olympic motton nCitiusAltiusFortius,which is Latin for faster,higher,stronger.n nThe intended meaning is that ones focus should be on bettering ones achievements,rather than on coming in first.Rings and Fl

37、agn nEach of the five Olympic rings is a different color.Together,they represent the five inhabited continents,although no particular ring is meant to represent any specific continent.The rings are interlaced(交织交织)to represent the idea that the Olympics are universal,bringing athletes from the entir

38、e world together.The Olympics and Chinan nIt was not until 1932 when the 10th Olympic Games were held in Los Angeles that China was invited for the first time to send athletes to compete.n n The only Chinese The only Chinese participant at those Games participant at those Games was Liuwas Liu Changc

39、hun Changchun.He.He entered the 100 m and 200 m entered the 100 m and 200 m race but was eliminated(race but was eliminated(淘淘淘淘汰汰汰汰)in the first round.in the first round.n nBy the end of the Athens By the end of the Athens Olympics,Chinese Olympics,Chinese athletes had accumulated athletes had accu

40、mulated 112 gold medals over six 112 gold medals over six Summer Olympic Summer Olympic GamesGames.29th Olympic in Beijing n nOne world,one dream.n nFive mascotsn nExtraordinary Olympic in the history.Chinese Outstanding Competitive Sportsn nTable TennisTable TennisTable tennis is very Table tennis

41、is very popular throughout China popular throughout China and is popularly known as and is popularly known as the“National Ball Game”the“National Ball Game”of China.of China.Chinese table tennis Chinese table tennis players have performed players have performed exceptionally well in exceptionally we

42、ll in international competitions.international competitions.n nBadmintonBadmintonChina became a formal China became a formal member of the International member of the International Badminton Federation in 1981.Badminton Federation in 1981.Since then,Chinese Since then,Chinese badminton teams have wo

43、n badminton teams have won the Thomas Cup(the Thomas Cup(托马斯杯托马斯杯托马斯杯托马斯杯)six times,the six times,the UberCupUberCup(尤伯尤伯尤伯尤伯杯杯杯杯)ten times and the ten times and the SudirmanSudirman Trophy(Trophy(苏迪曼杯苏迪曼杯苏迪曼杯苏迪曼杯)five times.five times.n nVolleyballVolleyballn nChina has long had one of the best wom

44、ens China has long had one of the best womens volleyball teams in the world.They won two volleyball teams in the world.They won two world championship titles in 1982 and 1986,the world championship titles in 1982 and 1986,the Olympic gold medal in Los Angeles in 1984,Olympic gold medal in Los Angele

45、s in 1984,and two World Cup titles in 1981 and 1985,and and two World Cup titles in 1981 and 1985,and then again the gold medal in 2004 Athens then again the gold medal in 2004 Athens Olympics Games.Olympics Games.n nThe Chinese Womens volleyball team and its The Chinese Womens volleyball team and i

46、ts struggle for success was an inspiration to the struggle for success was an inspiration to the Chinese people during the 1980s.Chinese people during the 1980s.n nBasketball Basketball n nCBA,CBA,the Chinese Basketball the Chinese Basketball Association,was established Association,was established i

47、n June of 1956.It is a non-in June of 1956.It is a non-government organization government organization managing basketball at the managing basketball at the national level.The advent of national level.The advent of the CBA league represented a the CBA league represented a giant step in the developme

48、nt giant step in the development of professional basketball in of professional basketball in China.China.n nGymnasticsGymnasticsn nGymnasts have proven Gymnasts have proven themselves to be among the themselves to be among the most reliable of the Chinese most reliable of the Chinese Olympic squad(O

49、lympic squad(组队组队组队组队)since since China began to compete at the China began to compete at the Games.Games.Discussion(10 minutes)What do you think the government should do to strengthen peoples physical ability?Students PPT Presentation(30 minutes)(30 minutes)Group 1 Group 1n nTitle Title n nParticip

50、antsParticipantsn nPresenter Presenter n nPresentation Presentation(10(10 minutes)minutes)n nComments Comments(5 minutes)(5 minutes)Group 2 Group 2 n nTitle Title n n Participants Participantsn nPresenter Presenter n nPresentation Presentation(10(10 minutes)minutes)n nComments Comments(5 minutes)(5