七年级上语法情态动词期末复习.ppt

《七年级上语法情态动词期末复习.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《七年级上语法情态动词期末复习.ppt（41页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、GrammarModalverbs情态动词本身有一定的意义情态动词本身有一定的意义无人称和数的变化无人称和数的变化通常不带通常不带to to 表示说话人的语气或情绪表示说话人的语气或情绪语法特征语法特征Imsotired!Ihavetodothetrainingforatleast10hoursaday!1.Obligation(义务义务):yethemustworkhardtowinthegoldmedal.AlthoughLiuXiangissogiftedinhurdlerace1.must1)表示必须、必要。是说话人的主观看表示必须、必要。是说话人的主观看法法 You must com

2、e in time.在回答在回答must引出的问句时，否定回答引出的问句时，否定回答不能用不能用mustnt（禁止，不准），而用（禁止，不准），而用neednt,dont have to（不必）（不必）.-Must we hand in our exercise books today?-Yes,you must.-No,you dont have to/you neednt.2)表示推测、可能性（只用于肯表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）表示定的陈述句）表示“肯定肯定”1 Youre Toms good friend,so you must know what he likes best

3、.2 Your mother must be waiting for you now.ShiDongpengmightwinamedalattheOlympicGames.Althoughthechanceofwinningamedalissmall,Illtrymybest!2.Certainty(可性可性):may,mightmay and might1)表示请求和允许。表示请求和允许。might比比 may语气更委婉，而不是语气更委婉，而不是过去式过去式 否定回答时可用否定回答时可用cant 或或mustnt，表示，表示“不可以，禁止不可以，禁止”。-Might/May I smoke

4、in this room?-No,you mustnt.-May/Might I take this book out of the room?-Yes,you can.(No,you cant/mustnt.)用用May I.？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I.？在口语中更常见。？在口语中更常见。2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed!3)表示推测、可能性表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。（不用于疑问句）。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比性比may小。小。1He may/

5、might be very busy now.2Your mother may/might not know the truth.3.Ability(能力能力):LiuXiangcanrunthe110mhurdleracewithin13seconds.3、can,could 1)表示能力（体力、知识、技能）表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）（体力）Mary can speak three languages.（知识）（知识）Can you skate?（技能）（技能）此时可用此时可用be able to代替。代替。can只有一般只

6、有一般现在时和一般过去式；而现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则则有更多的时态，有更多的时态，如如was able to,will be able to。Ill not be able to come this afternoon.当表示当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用时应用be able to，不能用，不能用can。如：。如：He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2)表示请求和允许表示请求和允许。-Can I go now?-Yes,you

7、 can./No,you cant.此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。-Could I come to see you tomorrow?-Yes,you can.(No,Im afraid not.)3)表推测可能性。表推测可能性。肯定句中：肯定句中：can表示理论上的可能性表示理论上的可能性；may表示事实上的可能性表示事实上的可能性，如：，如：In Shanghai,sometimes it can be really cold.Tom may go camping with us tomorrow,but

8、 he is not sure.否定句和疑问句中，只能用否定句和疑问句中，只能用can表猜测可能性。表猜测可能性。Someone is knocking at the door,and who can it be?It cant be Tom because he has gone to Beijing.4.Making suggestions(提出建议提出建议):Shallwedothetraininginthemorning?Itstoohottotakeexerciseintheafternoon.4、shall 1)shall 用于第一人称（用于第一人称（I,we)的的疑问句，征求对方

9、的意见。疑问句，征求对方的意见。Shall I clean the room for you?What shall we do this evening?When and where shall we meet?2)shall 用于第二、三人称的肯定句，用于第二、三人称的肯定句，表示说话人给对方的表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允命令、警告、允诺或威胁。诺或威胁。1.You shall fail if you dont work hard.(警告警告)2.He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺允诺)3.He shall be punished.(威

10、胁威胁)5.Givingadvice(提出意见提出意见):Youshould not/ought not toeatsomuchbeforerunning.Howdelicious!5.should1)表示“应该”，常用来表示劝告、建议；2)认为“某人应该做某事”或“有义务责任做某事”。We should obey traffic laws.You shouldnt watch TV every day。Tom should have brought his report today.这时它可以和这时它可以和 ought to，be supposed to 互互换使用换使用 6.Makingo

11、ffers(提供帮助提供帮助):Dontworry,dear,Iwillwashthemrightaway.Mom,mydirtyclotheshavebeenpiledup!Idonthavetime6 will 和和would1)表示意志或意愿：会，将会，愿意表示意志或意愿：会，将会，愿意We will do our best to save the child.我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。I told her to stop crying,but she just wouldnt listen.我叫她别哭,可她就是不愿听。2)表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时，用Would you?比用Will

12、 you?更婉转。如：Will/Would you please keep the door open?请让门开着好吗？请让门开着好吗？7 need1need作情态动词无人称或数的变化，作情态动词无人称或数的变化，后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。中。如：Youneedntworry.你不必担心 2由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或haveto;否定答语常用neednt.如：NeedIanswerthequestion?我需要回答那个问题吗？Yes,youmust.-Yes,youhaveto.是的，你必须回答。-No,youneednt.

13、/you dont have to不，不必了。need 做行为动词need sthneed to do sthneed doing=need to be done表被动表被动否定：否定：dont need7 dare 敢敢通常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句通常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中中Dare you ask him?你敢问他吗？你敢问他吗？She dare not ask.注意：dare可做行为动词 1.过去式dared如：No one dared speak of it.没有人敢提及此事。2.How dare you/he/she/they?表示说话人对某人的行为表示愤慨。如：How da

14、re you ask me such a question?你怎敢问我这样的问题?3.I dare say表示“我相信，我认为，可能”。如：I dare say you are right.我认为你是对的【考点链接考点链接】判断下列句子的正误判断下列句子的正误,并将错误的句并将错误的句子改正过来子改正过来(1)Who says he dare not do it.()解析解析:dare后直接用后直接用not构成否定构成否定,是是情态动词情态动词,本身没有时态、人称的变本身没有时态、人称的变化化,后接动词原形后接动词原形,故正确故正确.正确正确(3)How dare you say that t

15、o me？()解析解析:因将因将dare调到主语前构成疑问调到主语前构成疑问句句,dare是情态动词是情态动词,后接原形后接原形,故正故正确确.正确正确(4)You dont need do it at once.()解析解析:由由dont need可知可知,need是实义是实义动词动词,其后应当接其后应当接to do,句中少了句中少了to,故错误故错误.错误在错误在need后加上后加上to(5)He needs go with you.()解析解析:由由needs有人称和数的变化可有人称和数的变化可知知,它是实义动词它是实义动词,应接应接to do,句中句中少了少了to,故错误故错误.错误在

16、错误在needs后加上后加上to对过去推测的用法对过去推测的用法 1.must have done过去肯定做了某事 Since the road is wet,it must have rained last night.不存在 mustnt have done 的形式。其否定或疑问形式须用 can(could)来表示.例如：He cant have missed the way.I drew him a map.may/might have done I cant find my keys.I may/might have left them at the school yesterday.

17、我找不到我的我找不到我的钥匙了。我可能昨天把他们落在学钥匙了。我可能昨天把他们落在学校了。校了。John may/might not have passed the exam;he looks very sad.约翰可能没有通过考试。他看约翰可能没有通过考试。他看起来很忧伤。起来很忧伤。【例例1】WheresMrLi?Ihavesomethingunusualtotellhim.You_findhim.He_Japan.2003黑龙黑龙江江A.maynot,hasgonetoB.maynot,hasbeentoC.cant，hasgonetoD.cant,hasbeentoC【例例2】Coul

18、dIlookatyourpictures?Yes,ofcourseyou_.2003武汉武汉A.couldB.canC.willD.mightB典型例题解析典型例题解析【例例3】WhereisJack，please?He_beintheclassroom.2003杭州杭州A.canB.needC.wouldD.mustD【例例4】TheboysaidhehadtospeakEnglishinclass，buthespeakitafterclass.2003，广州，广州A.couldB.didnthavetoC.mightD.shouldntB典型例题解析典型例题解析【例例5】Thesebook

19、s_outofthereadingroom.Youhavetoread,themhere.2003，辽宁，辽宁A.canttakeB.mustbetakenC.cantakeD.mustntbetakenD典型例题解析典型例题解析1._Iopenthewindow?Itshothere.A.MustB.ShallC.WillD.Would2.GoandaskMrLiu.He_tellyou.A.mayB.canC.wouldD.could3._youpleasetellmethetimeplease?A.ShallB.WillC.MayD.Might4._Itryoutalltheideas?

20、No,you_.A.Must,mustntB.Need,needC.Must,donthavetoD.Must,dont5._IspeaktoMrGreen，please?A.WillB.CouldC.MustD.WouldBABCB课时训练课时训练6.HesaidKate_cometotheparty.ButIdontthinkso.A.couldB.mightC.needD.must7.NeedIdomylessonsrightnow?Yes,you_.A.needB.canC.shouldD.must8.Wouldyouliketogoswimmingwithmethisafternoo

21、n?Idloveto.ButImafraidI_.Ihavetoomuchworktodo.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.maynot9.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful，rubbish_intotheriver.A.needntbethrownB.mustntbethrownC.cantthrowD.maynotthrowBDAB课时训练课时训练10.Dontworry!Wecangettothebusstationintimeand_theearlybus.A.dontmissB.canmissC.willmissD.wontmiss11.Please

22、dontmakeanynoiseinthereadingroom._A.Sorry,Iwont.B.Sorry,Icant.C.Yes,Iwont.D.OK,Ididnt.12.MustIreturnyourdigitalcameratomorrow.Tina?No,you_.A.mustntB.maynotC.needntD.wontACD课时训练课时训练13.Wouldyoulikesomemore?_Imfull.A.Yes,please.B.Idloveto.C.No,Iwouldnt.D.No,thanks.14.You_swiminthispartofthelake.Itsdangerous.A.mustntB.maynotC.needntD.wont15.Youre-mailaddressagain?I_quitecatchit.HrZ.A.dontB.cantC.wontD.didntADD课时训练课时训练Thanks