京剧英语.ppt

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1、Peking Opera14新闻六组CatalogOriginsDevelopmentThe role typeFacial makeupFigureOrigins&DevelopmentAlthough it is called Peking Opera,the origins of Peking Opera are not in Beijing but in the provinces of Anhui(East China)and Hubei(South-central China).Its rise is due in great part to the favorable eyes

2、and patronage of the imperial royalties.京京剧剧虽虽然然被被称称为为京京剧剧,但但它它的的起起源源不不在在北北京京，而而是是在在中中国国的的安安徽徽省省和和湖湖北北省省。它它的的兴兴起起在在很很大大程程度度上上是是由由于于清清朝朝的的特特许许制制度度和和当当时时对对其其（发发展展）有利的欣赏眼光有利的欣赏眼光。Peking Opera is a purely Chinese opera form dating back to the year 1790,when the famous Four Anhui Opera Troupes first came

3、 to Beijing in celebration of the 80th birthday of Emperor Qianlong(1711-1799)of the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911).The tour was a hit and the troupes stayed.In 1828,some famous Hubei Opera Troupe players came to Beijing.京京剧剧是是一一种种纯纯粹粹的的戏戏曲曲形形式式,可可追追溯溯到到17901790年年。17901790年年，安安徽徽戏戏剧剧团团到到北北京京给给清清朝朝的的乾乾隆隆皇皇帝

4、帝庆庆祝祝8080岁岁的的诞诞辰辰。当当时时戏戏剧剧团团的的表表演演带带来来了了轰轰动动，因此他们留在了北京因此他们留在了北京。在。在18281828年年,一些一些剧团里剧团里著名的著名的戏曲演员也戏曲演员也来到北京。来到北京。The artists of Hubei and Anhui troupes often jointly performed on the stage and absorbed repertoires,music,arias and performing techniques of each other and from other operas like Kun Qu

5、,Qin Qiang and Bang Zi,as well as the local dialect and customs of Beijing.Its repertoires mainly depict fairy tales of preceding dynasties and important historical events.湖湖北北、安安徽徽的的戏戏曲曲家家们们经经常常在在舞舞台台上上合合作作表表演演并并互互相相学学习习彼彼此此的的技技能能、乐乐声声、咏咏叹叹调调和和演演唱唱方方法法并并兼兼收收并并蓄蓄了了其其他他派派系系里里面面的的优优秀秀文文化化，如如昆昆曲曲、秦秦腔腔、

6、梆梆子子，当当然然也也结结合合了了北北京京的的方方言言的的习习俗俗。京京剧剧主主要要表表演演内内容容是地方神话传说和前朝重大的历史事件是地方神话传说和前朝重大的历史事件。After 1840，Peking Opera was formally took shape.During the reign of the Empress Dowager Cixi(1835-1908),who was an opera aficionado,peking opera was growing faster and faster.Classic Peking Opera repertoires and the

7、 names of the first-generation masters were on the lips of the people in Beijing,and eventually prevalent around the country.18401840年年后后,京京剧剧的的发发展展初初具具规规模模,在在京京剧剧迷迷慈慈禧禧太太后后的的统统治治期期间间，京京剧剧发发展展得得非非常常快快。经经典典剧剧目目和和初初代代戏戏曲曲大大师师的的名名字字在在北北京京可可谓谓是是家家喻喻户户晓晓,京剧京剧最终在全国流行最终在全国流行开来开来。During the second half of t

8、he 20th century,peking opera witnessed a steady decline in audience numbers.在上世纪下半叶在上世纪下半叶,人们目睹了京剧观众数量人们目睹了京剧观众数量持续下降持续下降的状况的状况。This has been attributed both to a decrease in performance quality and an inability of the traditional opera form to capture modern life.这是由于这是由于传统戏在表演质量上的下降和无法同现代生活相结合的原因传

9、统戏在表演质量上的下降和无法同现代生活相结合的原因。The influence of Western culture has also left the younger generations impatient with the slow pacing of peking opera.西方西方快节奏快节奏文化的影响也文化的影响也让年轻一代对节奏缓慢的京剧失去了耐心让年轻一代对节奏缓慢的京剧失去了耐心。DevelopmentIn response,peking opera began to reform，it was starting in the 1990s.为了解决这种困境为了解决这种困境

10、,京剧在九十年代开始进行改革京剧在九十年代开始进行改革。Such reforms have taken the form of creating a school of performance theory to increase performance quality,utilizing modern elements to attract new audiences,and performing new plays outside of the traditional canon.为为了了提提高高戏戏曲曲表表演演质质量量，这这些些改改革革已已经经创创造造了了一一套套系系统统表表演演理理论论

11、,利利用用现代元素来吸引新观众现代元素来吸引新观众,并表演传统标准外的新剧本并表演传统标准外的新剧本。The role type生(male roles):(1)老生(middle-aged or old men)(2)小生(young men)(3)武生(men with martial skills)旦(female roles):(1)青衣(a woman with a strict moral code)(2)花旦(Young girl)(3)老旦(an elderly woman)净(roles with painted faces):(1)文净(civilian type)(2)武

12、净(warrior type)丑(a comic character):(1)文丑(civilian clown)(2)武丑(clown with martial skills)Facial makeupBeijing opera types of facial makeup in operas,is a special feature of a national cosmetic.As each historical figure or a certain type of person has an approximate spectral type,like sing,play music

13、 to the music,so called“types of facial makeup in operas”.On the types of facial makeup in operas sources,the general view is from mask.Red has expressed his Warriors of strong types of facial makeup in operas such as Guan Yu.Black said the types of facial makeup in operas means criticized people,in

14、tegrity,bravery and even reckless,such as Zhang Fei.Yellow types of facial makeup in operas that vicious brutality,such as Dian Wei Blue or green，types of facial makeup in operas that some of the figures represented irritable,such as Dou Ambassador(窦尔敦),Ma Wu.General treacherous court official said the types of facial makeup in operas white,bad guys,such as Xu jia.Figure梅梅兰兰芳芳Mr Meilanfang is the symbol of Chinese acting art and holds with him our pride.梅兰芳先生是中国表演艺术的象征梅兰芳先生是中国表演艺术的象征，是我国人民的骄傲是我国人民的骄傲。谢谢观看