环境工程专业英语unit2教案资料.ppt
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1、环境工程专业英语unit2lWater is critical component of ecological cycles.水是生态循环的关键组分。水是生态循环的关键组分。lAquatic ecosystems harbor diverse species and offer many valuable services.harbor,vt.隐匿,窝藏,庇护隐匿,窝藏,庇护 diverse,不同的,多种多样的,不同的,多种多样的 水生态系统养护着很多的物种,同时提供许多有价值水生态系统养护着很多的物种,同时提供许多有价值的服务。的服务。Unit 2 The world fresh water
2、 resourcelHuman beings require water to run industries,to provide energy,and to grow food.人类需要水,使工厂运转,提供能源,生产食物。人类需要水,使工厂运转,提供能源,生产食物。lIn order to mobilize water for human needs,we build huge reservoirs to store water for dry periods and to hold back flood waters;为了使水能够满足人们的需求,我们修建了大型为了使水能够满足人们的需求,我
3、们修建了大型水库,以为干旱时期储存水和蓄积洪水。水库,以为干旱时期储存水和蓄积洪水。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourcelwe build aqueducts to transport water thousands of kilometers from water-rich to water-poor regions;我们修建渠道,把水从水量充足的地方输送到几千公我们修建渠道,把水从水量充足的地方输送到几千公里以外缺水的地方。里以外缺水的地方。lwe burn oil to generate electricity to desalinate salt
4、water in arid regions;我们燃烧石油用来发电,用于干旱地区的盐水淡化处我们燃烧石油用来发电,用于干旱地区的盐水淡化处理。理。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourceland we dream of towing icebergs from the polar regions and of reversing the flow of massive rivers.我们梦想着从极地拖动冰山,让大河逆流。我们梦想着从极地拖动冰山,让大河逆流。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourcelHarsh realities
5、 intrude on these dreams.intrude on,入侵,闯入,打扰,入侵,闯入,打扰 严酷的事实打碎了这些梦。严酷的事实打碎了这些梦。lAs we approach the 21st century we must now acknowledge that many of our efforts to harness water have been inadequate or misdirected.Harness,vt.利用利用,征服征服 随着我们迈进随着我们迈进21世纪,我们必须认识到,我们为了世纪,我们必须认识到,我们为了征服水而做的许多努力都是不适当的或错误的。征
6、服水而做的许多努力都是不适当的或错误的。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourcelWe remain ignorant of the functioning of basic hydrologic processes.我们对基本水文过程的功能仍然无知。我们对基本水文过程的功能仍然无知。lRivers,lakes,and ground water aquifers are increasingly contaminated with biological and chemical wastes.ground water,地表水,地表水 生物和化学废物对河流、湖泊
7、和地表水层的污染一直生物和化学废物对河流、湖泊和地表水层的污染一直在加深。在加深。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourcelVast numbers of people lack clean drinking water and rudimentary sanitation services.很多的人缺乏洁净的饮用水和基本的卫生设施服务。很多的人缺乏洁净的饮用水和基本的卫生设施服务。lMillions of people die every year from water-related diseases such as malaria,typhoid,and
8、 cholera.每年有数百万的人死于由水引起的疾病,如疟疾、伤每年有数百万的人死于由水引起的疾病,如疟疾、伤寒和霍乱。寒和霍乱。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourcelMassive water developments have destroyed many of the worlds most productive wetlands and other aquatic habitats.大规模的水的开发已经损害了世界上许多最富于大规模的水的开发已经损害了世界上许多最富于生产力的湿地和其它的水生栖息地环境。生产力的湿地和其它的水生栖息地环境。Unit 2
9、 The world fresh water resourceUnit 2 The world fresh water resourcelThe economic and hydrologic resources for major new irrigation projects cannot be found.l大多数农田水利项目所需要的经济和水资源无法找到。大多数农田水利项目所需要的经济和水资源无法找到。lAnd expected changes in global climatic conditions will alter future water supply,demand,and
10、quality.l继期望改变全球气候条件之后继期望改变全球气候条件之后,将是对水源、水量和水质将是对水源、水量和水质改变的期望。改变的期望。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourcelHindu and Buddhist traditions place mythical Mount Meru the dwelling place of the godsat the center of the universe.lHindu and Buddhist traditions 印度教与佛教传说印度教与佛教传说l在印度教和佛教传说中,神居住在宇宙的中心在印度教和佛教传
11、说中,神居住在宇宙的中心神秘的神秘的Meru山上。山上。lHere originate the rivers of the earth,including the Indus,the Ganges,and the Brahmaputra.l所以地球河流的起源包括印度河、恒河和布拉马普特拉河所以地球河流的起源包括印度河、恒河和布拉马普特拉河(雅鲁藏布江雅鲁藏布江)。)。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourcelIn early Christian tradition,the waters of the earth originate in the fountai
12、ns of the Garden of Eden,which divide into the worlds great streams:the Nile,the Tigris,the Euphrates,the Indus,and the Ganges.lWhich指代前文的指代前文的waters。l早期的耶督教传说中,地球上的水来自于伊甸园的泉水;早期的耶督教传说中,地球上的水来自于伊甸园的泉水;这些水又分流世界上的各大河流:尼罗河、底格里斯河、这些水又分流世界上的各大河流:尼罗河、底格里斯河、幼发拉底河、印度河和恒河。幼发拉底河、印度河和恒河。Unit 2 The world fresh
13、water resourcelThese myths arise in part from the sacred role of water in sustaining life,and in part from our ignorance of the functioning of the global water cycle.l这些神话的出现,一方面是因为水在维持生命中的重要作这些神话的出现,一方面是因为水在维持生命中的重要作用,还因为人们对于地球水循环功能的无知。用,还因为人们对于地球水循环功能的无知。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourcelBy th
14、e end of the 20th century,our understanding of the stocks,flows,and condition of global water resources is still distressingly imperfect.l20世纪末期,我们对全球水资源存储、流动、和条件的理世纪末期,我们对全球水资源存储、流动、和条件的理解仍然是很不完美的。解仍然是很不完美的。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourcelThe International Hydrological Decade,coordinated by t
15、he United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization(UNESCO),beginning in the mid 1960s,was successful in elucidating many unknown aspects of the global hydrological cycle and some of the best references on global water resources still date from that period.l始于始于20世纪世纪60年代中期的年代中期的“国际水文
16、学十年国际水文学十年”活动,由联活动,由联合国教科文组织协调,对全球水循环中尚不清楚的原理进合国教科文组织协调,对全球水循环中尚不清楚的原理进行了成功阐述,同时还介绍了当时有关地球水资源方面最行了成功阐述,同时还介绍了当时有关地球水资源方面最好的文献书目。好的文献书目。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourcelUnfortunately,with the exception of the United Nations International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade from 1981 to 1
17、990,there has been little follow-up on understanding and solving critical water issues,and much of the momentum of that earlier period has been lost.l不幸的是,除去不幸的是,除去1981-1990年的年的“联合国国际饮用水供给联合国国际饮用水供给和卫生十年和卫生十年”的活动外,对于认识和解决重要水问题的后的活动外,对于认识和解决重要水问题的后续活动很少,以前的对于这方面的动力也已经没有了。续活动很少,以前的对于这方面的动力也已经没有了。Unit
18、2 The world fresh water resourcelSamuel taylor Coleridge(17721834),in his classic poem“The rime of the Ancient Mariner”,effectively described the principal characteristic of the earths water resources when he wrote,“water,water,everywhere,nor any drop to drink”.lSamuel taylor Coleridge在他著名的诗词在他著名的诗词
19、“古老水手古老水手”中写到:水,随处都有,但不是所有都能饮用,这准确描中写到:水,随处都有,但不是所有都能饮用,这准确描述了地球水资源的基本特征。述了地球水资源的基本特征。Unit 2 The world fresh water resourcel97%of all the water on earth is salt waterunsuitable for drinking or growing crops.l地球总水量的地球总水量的97%是咸水,不适于饮用或种植庄稼。是咸水,不适于饮用或种植庄稼。lThe remaining 3%is fresh water,comprising a to
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