教师资格考试历年真题精选5辑.docx
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1、教师资格考试历年真题精选5辑教师资格考试历年真题精选5辑 第1辑 试图以心理学“统觉”原理说明教学过程的是( )。A夸美纽斯B赫尔巴特C杜威D凯洛夫正确答案:B赫尔巴特从心理学“统觉”原理出发,认为教学过程是新旧观念的联系和系统化的过程。 下列选项是对皮亚杰个体思维发展理论的叙述和评价,其中正确是( )。A阶段出现的先后顺序固定不变,每一阶段都有其独特的图式或认知结构B图式或认知结构的发展是一个连续建构的过程C皮亚杰将思维发展的过程分为四个阶段的顺序是:感知一动作阶段、前运算阶段、形式运算阶段、具体运算阶段D现在有些心理学家对皮亚杰的思维发展理论的某些观点存在质疑E皮亚杰认为逻辑思维是智慧的最
2、高表现正确答案:ABDE吴门画家中,职业工匠出身而跻身文人之林的画家是()。A沈周B文徵明C唐寅D仇英答案:D解析:仇英出身于工匠,代表作桃源仙境图。故选D。请教教师资格考试:布鲁纳的认知结构学习理论认为,学习包括( )三个过程。布鲁纳的认知结构学习理论认为,学习包括()三个过程。学习包括获得、转化和评价三个过程。 “并非所有律师都是精通法律的”与“所有律师都不是精通法律的”这两个命题之间具有()。A、反对关系B、差等关系C、矛盾关系D、下反对关系答案:B解析:“并非所有律师都是精通法律的”通过负命题的推理得出“有些律师都不是精通法律的”,与“所有律师都不是精通法律的”具有差等关系。故选B。某
3、人的脊髓从胸部折断后,一般情况下()。A膝跳存在,针刺足部有感觉B膝跳不存在针刺足部有感觉C膝跳不存在针刺足部无感觉D膝跳存在,针刺足部无感觉答案:D解析:膝跳反射的神经中枢是位于脊髓里的低级中枢,其活动受大脑皮层的调节。脊髓从胸部折断后的病人,处于脊髓下部的神经中枢还完好如膝跳反射的神经中枢,只是脊髓的传导功能被破坏,使低级的神经中枢失去了大脑的控制。膝跳反射的反射弧还完整,因此膝跳反射存在;而感觉是在大脑皮层的感觉中枢形成的。因此针刺足部无感觉。教师资格考试历年真题精选5辑 第2辑 在心理过程中,认知和情感是基础,意志是将认知和情感转化为行为的动力。( )正确答案: 基础教育课程改革所倡导
4、的研究性学习、合作学习等教学方式,其主要理论依据是( )。A、 建构主义学习理论B、 结构主义学习理论C、 行为主义学习理论D、 联结主义学习理论 答案:A解析:建构主义认为,学习是学生自己建构自己的知识的过程,学生不是被动的信息吸收者,而是信息意义的主动建构者。而研究性学习、合作学习都强调让学生自主、探索地学习。因此建构主义学习理论是研究性学习、合作学习的主要理论依据。在良好的教育环境下,56岁幼儿能集中注意()。A、5分钟B、10分钟C、15分钟D、7分钟答案:C解析:一般来讲,在良好的教育环境下,3岁幼儿能集中注意35分钟;4岁幼儿能集中注意10分钟,56岁幼儿能集中注意15分钟左右。高
5、中体育与健康课程学习评价的内容不包括( )。A.体能的评定B.学习态度的评定C.健康行为的评定D.授课过程的评定答案:D解析:本题考查的是高中体育与健康课程学习评价的内容的知识点。D项,高中体育与健康课程学习评价的内容包括体能的评定、体育与健康知识和技能的评定、学习态度的评价、情意表现与合作精神的评定和健康行为的评价。不包括授课过程的评定。综上,排除A、B、C项。故正确答案为D。 研究者认为,人的价值观刚开始就能被个体清醒地意识到。 ( )正确答案:人的价值观刚开始不能被个体清醒地意识到,必须经过一步步的辨别和分析,才能形成清晰的价值观念,并指导自己的道德行动。Passage 1In the
6、field of psychology, there has long been a certain haziness surrounding the definition ofcreativity, an I-know-it-when-I-see-it attitude that has eluded a precise formulation. During ourconversation, Mark Beeman, a cognitive neuroscientist at Northwestern University, told me that heused to be reluct
7、ant to tell people what his area of study was, for fear of being dismissed ormisunderstood. What, for instance, crosses your mind when you think of creativity Well, we knowthat someone is creative if he produces new things or has new ideas. And yet, as John Kounios, apsychologist at Drexel Universit
8、y who collaborates frequently with Beeman, points out, that view iswrong, or at least not entirely right. Creativity is the process, not the product, he says.To illustrate, Beeman offers an example. Imagine someone who has never used or seen apaperclip and is struggling to keep a bunch of papers tog
9、ether. Then the person comes up with a newway of bending a stiff wire to hold the papers in place. That was very creative, Beeman says. Onthe flip side, if someone works in a new field-Beeman gives the example of nanotechnology-anything that he produces may be considered inherently creative. But was
10、 the act of producing itactually creative As Beeman put it,Not all artists are creative. And some accountants are verycreative.Insight, however, has proved less difficult to define and to study. Because it arrives at a specificmoment in time, you can isolate it, examine it, and analyze its character
11、istics. Insight is only onepart of creativity, Beeman says.But we can measure it. We have a temporal marker thatsomething just happened in the brain. Id never say thats all of creativity, but its a central,identifiable component. When scientists examine insight in the lab, they are looking at what t
12、ypesof attention and thought processes lead to that moment of synthesis: If you are trying to facilitate abreakthrough, are there methods you can use that help If you feel stuck on a problem, are theretricks to get you throughIn a recent study, Beeman and Kounios followed peoples gazes as they attem
13、pted to solvewhats called the remote-associates test, in which the subject is given a series of words, like pine,crab, and sauce, and has to think of a single word that can logically be paired with all of them.They wanted to see if the direction of a person s eyes and her rate of blinking could shed
14、 light onher approach and on her likelihood of success. It turned out that if the subject looked directly at aword and focused on it-that is, blinked less frequently, signaling a higher degree of closeattention-she was more likely to be thinking in an analytical, convergent fashion, going throughpos
15、sibilities that made sense and systematically discarding those that didn t. If she looked at pine,say, she might be thinking of words like tree, cone, and needle, then testing each option tosee if it fit with the other words. When the subject stopped looking at any specific word, either bymoving her
16、 eyes or by blinking, she was more likely to think of broader, more abstract associations.That is a more insight-oriented approach.You need to learn not just to stare but to look outsideyour focus, Beeman says. (The solution to this remote-associates test: apple. )As it turns out, by simple followin
17、g someones eyes and measuring her blinks and fixationtimes, Beemans group can predict how someone will likely solve a problem and when she isnearing that solution. Thats an important consideration for would-be creative minds: it helps usunderstand how distinct patterns of attention may contribute to
18、 certain kinds of insights.In PARAGRAPH FOUR, which of the following shows the purpose of describing theexperimentA.To discern the link between analytical thinking and insights.B.To discern connection between close attention and insights.C.To discern connection between close attention and imaginatio
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