2021职称英语卫生类B试题及答案解析2b超大型上岗证试题2021.doc

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1、2021职称英语卫生类B试题及答案解析2b超大型上岗证试题2021Parkinsons Disease1 Parkinsons disease affects the way you move.It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain.Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine.Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that contr

2、ols movement.It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do.When you have Parkinsons, these nerve cells break down.Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down.But scientis

3、ts are doing a lot of research to look for the answer.They are studying many possible causes, including agin g and poisons in the environment.Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinsons disease in some people.But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3 rremor may be the

4、 first symptom you notice.It is one of the most mon signs of the disease, although not everyone has it.More importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkinsons disease.Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body.It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the

5、affected arm or leg.It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep.In time, Parkinsons affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation.In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinsons may have a fi_ed or blank e_pressi

6、on, trouble speaking, and other problems.Some people also have a decrease in mental skills ( dementia).4 At this time, there is no cure for Parkinsons disease.But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with.You may not even need treatme

7、nt if your symptoms are mild.Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life.Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse.You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.1.Paragraph I_.2.Paragraph 2 _.3.Pa

8、ragraph 3_.4.Paragraph 4 _.A.Tips for Patients with the DiseaseB.mon Treatment for the DiseaseC.Means of Diagnosis of the DiseaseD.Typical Symptoms of the DiseaseE.Possible Causes of the DiseaseF.Definition of Parkinsons Disease5.YouII find it hard to move the way you want to_.6.A lot of research is

9、 being done to find ou_t .7.One of the most mon signs of Parkinsons is tremor_.8.A person with Parkinsons has to learn to live with the disease,_.A.if there isnt enough dopamine m your bodyB.what affects muscles all through your bodyC.which cannot be cured yetD.if you have a fi_ed or blank e_pressio

10、nE.which may be the first symptom you noticeF.what causes Parkinsons disease参考答案及译文：帕金森氏综合征帕金森氏综合征会影响你行动的方式。当大脑的某些神经细胞出现问题时，这种疾病就会爆发。正常情况下，这些神经细胞会产生一种叫多巴胺的重要的化学物质。多巴胺会向你的大脑中控制行为的部分发出信号。它使你的肌肉能活动自如，做你想做的事。一旦你患上帕金森氏综合征，这些神经细胞就会出问题。接着，你不再有足够的多巴胺，并开始行动困难。没人知道什么促使这些神经细胞出现问题。但是，科学家们做了很多研究来寻找答案。他们研究了很多可能的病

11、因，包括年龄老化和环境污染。在某些人身上，似乎是不正常的基因导致了帕金森氏综合征的发病。但是目前没有足够的证据表明它是遗传的。颤抖可能是你注意到的第一个症状。虽然并不是每一位患者都有这种症状，但是它是这种疾病最常见的表现之一。更重要的是，并不是每一个颤抖的人都患有帕金森氏综合征。颤抖往往从一条胳膊，一条腿或身体的一侧开始。这种情况在你醒着但是没有移动受影响的胳膊或者腿时更严重些。但是当你移动肢体或睡眠时情况会有所缓和。不久，帕金森氏综合征会影响你的全身肌肉，导致吞咽困难及便秘。在疾病后期，患这种病的人可能会有表情僵化，言语困难及其他一些问题。一些患者也会思维退化。现在还没有办法治愈帕金森氏综合

12、征。但是有几种药物能控制症状并让患者好受些。如果你的症状很轻微的话，你可能根本不需要治疗。直到你的症状影响到你的日常生活方式时，医生才会给你开药。伴随着你的症状的恶化，医生将会调整用药。为了得到的疗效你得吃几种药1.F解析第一段的大意即：什么是帕金森综合征?因此选F。2.E 解析第二段的大意即：什么原因导致帕金森症?因此选E。3.D 解析第三段的大意即：帕金森综合征的典型症状是什么?因此选D。4.B解析第四段的大意即：如何治疗帕金森症?因此选B。5.A 解析如果你的体内没有足够多的多巴胺，那么你会发现活动起来有困难。根据第一段最后一句：Then you no longer have enoug

13、h dopamine，and you have trouble moving the way you want to.因此选A。6.F解析人们正在进行大量的研究来发现导致帕金森综合征的原因。根据第二段前三句话及后面提到的aging，poisons in environment等可推断应选F。7.E解析帕金森症最主要的一个症状就是颤抖，颤抖也可能是你注意到的最初症状。根据是第三段的第一句话：Tremor may be the first symptom you notice.可知E正确。8.C 解析得了帕金森症的病人必须要学会适应这种疾病，因为这还是一种不治之症。根据文章第四段第一句：At this time，there is no cure for Parkinsons disease.可知应选C。第 7 页 共 7 页