48个英语音标表 小学 英语.doc

《48个英语音标表 小学 英语.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《48个英语音标表 小学 英语.doc（19页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、48个英语音标表美式英语音标分类说明phonetics the sounds of american english发音: 美国英语语音consonants 辅音vowels 元音-第一 按发音方法分类(辅音)：manner(发音)方式1.stop爆破音-是指发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍,然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音。2.fricative摩擦音-由发音器官造成的缝隙使气流产生摩擦而发出的声音。3.affricate塞擦音-有塞音和擦音紧密结合所构成的音，发音时注意最初形成阻碍部位要完全闭塞，然后渐渐打开。4.nasal 鼻音-口腔气流通路阻塞,软腭下垂,鼻腔通气发出的声音。5.liquid流音-舌

2、端齿龈测流音 ,舌端紧贴上齿龈,舌前部向硬腭抬起,气流从舌的一侧或两侧滑出。6.glide滑音-指发音器官移向或移离某一发音动作的过度音。-第二 按发音位置分类(辅音)：place (发音)位置1.bilabial双唇音-由上唇和下唇接触，使语流受阻而构成的一种辅音。2.labiodental唇齿音-由唇与牙齿的咬合而发出的辅音。3.lingua-dental舌齿音-牙齿咬着舌头发出的音。4.palatal上腭音-舌头贴着上腭发出的音。5.lingua-velar软颚音-舌头贴着软颚发出的音。6.glottal声门(声带)音-自声门发出的音。-第三 按嗓音分类(辅音)：voice 嗓音1.vo

3、iced浊音-振动声带所发出的辅音，除气流受到阻碍外，同时振动声带发出乐音。2.voiceless清音-发音时不振动声带所发出的辅音，即清音纯粹由气流受阻所构成的且不带乐音。-ongs 双元音, 复合元音单元音发音的共性： 1. 舌位不移动； 2. 在发音过程中，没有摩擦； 3. 不受发音器官的任何阻碍。单元音发音的特点： 1. 前元音发音时，舌端靠近下齿，舌前部抬高； 2. 中元音发音时，舌端离开下齿，舌中部抬高； 3. 后元音发音时，舌端离开下齿，舌后部抬高。48个国际音标表48个国际音标表i: E: E O: O u: A: V Q e ai ei Oi iE CE uE Eu au p

4、 t d k g f v s z T D S Z tS dZ tr dr ts dz m n N h r l w j英语国际音标共48个，其中20个元音，20个辅音，3个鼻音，2个半元音，3个似拼音元音12个单元音长元音 i: E: O: u: A:短元音 E O V Q e8个双元音: ai ei Oi iE CE uE Eu au辅音10对清辅音 p t k f s T S tS tr ts浊辅音 d g v z D Z dZ dr dz3个鼻音 m n N3个似拼音 h r l2个半元音 w j巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后。 双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。 辅音共计二十八

5、，八对一清又七浊， 四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音， 有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。 关于语音的几个概念: AHD表示美语发音,The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language（简称AHD） KK音标是一套用于标注美式发音的符号系统, 这是一套最常用的也是最权威的注音法，从此人们把美语标准发音惯称为KK音标。 DJ是根据英国学者Daniel Jones编的英语发音字典 (English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963)中的标音而来. 英式读音根据的是English Pronouncing Diction

6、ary 英语正音辞典。它们代表了被称为“Received Pronuciation”（RP）（标准读音）的读音，这在受过教育的英国人尤其是南部英格兰人中通用。 1888年国际语音协会 (International Phonetic Association) 的语言学家便制定出一套可国际通用的语音符号叫国际音标符号 (IPAInternational Phonetic Alphabet)，希望以一个符号代表一音，并避免各人使用一套自己的符号所产生的不便。 音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素. 音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位. 58英语学习 元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,

7、是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音. 开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e 如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)辅音+元音 如:he hi go no do be tree three hello 闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 :sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head 2)元音+辅音 如: it is of in on up out ant A chicken is in the ki

8、tchen. / A horse is in the house. A mouse is in the cats mouth. A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea1 元音:1) i: 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece receive ceiling 2) 发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix

9、fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious 3) 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 58英语学习网 4) e 字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any 5) : 字母组合ir ur e

10、ar er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world 6) 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasure f

11、amiliar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listen famulus Saturday 7) a: 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) : 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus

12、come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourishblood flood9) 字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 10) 发音字母 o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss c

13、ollar notwant wash watch 11) u: 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full prude12) 字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot book wood should could put full bull pull pushwoman wolf 13) ei 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break

14、rain paint plainthey grey 14) ai 发音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye15) au 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town16) u 发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flowboat coat g

15、oal17) 字母组合oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice 18) i 字母组合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce idea19) 字母组合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there wherecare20) u 字母组合our ower hour tour flower shower 2 容易混淆的元音 A e bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said i： ei real rail greet great

16、 mean main read raid e ai bet bite red write said side head hide aU R： house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn aU Q found fond down done gown gone town ton AQ fan fun tan tun san son tank tun 3辅音 1) pen pear play pig pour pull push 2) book big boot bike bread break 3) t tre

17、e two ten ton town twenty city 4) d door dull desk dose do dog dictionary 5) k king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k) card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x) school schedule schema (字母组合ch) 6) g girl good goal goat grade long language 7) m man

18、make moon morning move come comb 8) n pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean 9) N uncle bank English think thank junk 58英语 sing king morning evening 10) l long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul 11) r read red right run room write 12) f five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife l

19、ife wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone 13) v very evening even every voice vest of 14) s six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c) piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce) 15) z zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose paus

20、e those whose 16) W think thank three thirty tooth mouth 17) T that this those these though 18) F sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention station social special sure 19) V pleasure 20) h hot hop home house horse how who 21) w when what where window wind wood 22) j yes year yell you

21、your yolk yellow 23) tF child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach 24) dV age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk 25) tr tree country try treat track trunk 26) dr dry dream drop drive drink 27) ts students boots boats goats nuts 28) dz goods woods moods hoods

22、4容易混淆的辅音 v w vest west vet wet vine wine very well s W sink think mass math miss myth sort sought z T close cloth breeze breathe n N thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing 5字母，组合音节发音规律 1）a ei a: R late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag

23、accept about above formative machine cinema fast last glass class past father wash what watch want 2）e i: e 不发音 appreciate extremely secret she me he letter left message generate pebble decide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confident active table late wife store lecture 3）

24、i ai high price library ice cream wife size line fist pick chicken piano fianc city unit 4）o J J: Q R lode host cold note okay old home lose do who whose prove love some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office soft honest 5）u ju Q university refuse uni

25、que universe huge put push pull full bull but brush bucket duck bubble 58英语学习 support suggest 6）c k s country camp camera courage cable city ceiling celebrate cell cease 7）g g dV N girl grade glass glade bag flag village vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening 8) l l 读音不同 liste

26、n learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal 9) n n N moon night noodle number uncle hungry angry young 10) r r (美语发音) right read write grade progress card board door floor form north 11）y j ai yellow year yell young yolk university country pretty happy dyke dying f

27、ly buy by my 12）ar a: R: farm card garden mark dollar warm quarrel quarter 13) ea i: e ei i cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather great break idea realize 14) ear : i learn earth earn heard hear near clear ear fear 15) er : i deserve serve her person teacher dri

28、ver anger singer serious experience mysterious fierce 16） ere i Z here mere fere sere there 17) ir : ai shirt girl skirt admire desire 18) oo u: Q R: room tool cool moon noon goof food good foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flood door floor 19) or R: : short form corn born for work world wor

29、m word worst tractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor R: J door floor moor poor boor 21) our J R: hour tour flour bourn lour pour court four mourn 22) ou au Q house mouth mouse sound found enough trouble touch delicious gracious prosperous 23) ow J au window meadow know show low now town h

30、ow down cow 24) se z s nose suppose gose lose pose rose mouse house 25) th W T thank think thought cloth 58英语学习 clothes that this then than 26) sion Fn Vn propulsion tension progression passion protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion Fn tFn(不常见) station nation translation attention question