英语四级仔细阅读练习与答案解析.pdf

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1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！第 1 页 共 6 页 英语四级仔细阅读练习与答案解析 Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and in many cases,a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children.According to United States requirements,life preservers

2、 must design,reversible capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual,and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position.Sufficient buoyancy(浮力)to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hours i

3、n the water,and it should be reliable even after long period of storage.Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight,gasoline,and oils,and it should be not easily set on fire.?The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is most import

4、ant,as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position,with his face clear of the water,even when the wearer is e某 hausted or unconscious.The method of adjustment to the body should be simple,and self-evident to uninitiated person

5、s even in the dark under the confused conditions,which follow a disaster.Thus,the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong.Catches,straps,and ties should be kept to a minimum.In addition,the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearer

6、s,since this greatly affects the position of floating and the self-righting qualities.A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times,in and out of the water,not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger,nor so 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供

7、优质的文档！第 2 页 共 6 页 burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim.1.The passage is mainly about_.A)the uses of life preservers B)the design of life preservers C)the materials for life preservers D)the buoyancy of life preservers 2.According to the passage,a life be first of all

8、 _.A)adjustable B)comfortable C)self-evident D)self-righting 3.United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to be made _.A)with as few strings as possible B)capable of being worn on both sides C)according to each wearers size D)comfortable and light to wear 4.By“the uninitiated indi

9、vidual”(Para.1,Line.4)the author refers to the person _.A)who has not been instructed how to use a life preserver B)who has a little e 某 perience in using a life preserver C)who uses a life preserver without permission D)who becomes nervous before a disaster 5.What would happen if a person were supp

10、orted by the life preserver in a wrong position?A)The waves would move him backwards.B)The water would choke him.C)He would immediately sink to the bottom.D)He would be e 某 hausted or unconscious.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！第 3 页 共 6 页 答案与解析：1.B 文章主要讲述了救生衣的设计。间接题型段首主旨题。C 项和 D 项都是对

11、救生衣设计中设计材料的说明。A 项为陷阱，指救生衣的用途，尽管开头提到，但范围不着边际。故只有 B 是正确选项。2.D 根据文章，救生衣首先会自动扶正。事实细节题。本文第三段主要讨论救生衣落水位置，应设计的能“自动扶正”,或稍向后仰。B 项是对材料的描述，范围太窄，而 A 和 C 不合题意，因此 D 是正确答案。3.C 美国海岸巡逻队不需要救生衣根据穿戴者的尺寸生产。事实细节题。A 项和 B 项都涉及 method，其相关部分见最后一段第三句，A，B，D 三项都是文章中提及的，C 项与本题无关的内容，因此应该选 C。4.A “the uninitiated individual”作者指的是不知

12、道怎么使用救生衣的人。语义指代题。根据文章最后一段第一句，我们可推出“the uninitiated individual”就是指的那些不知道怎么使用救生衣的人。故A 是正确选项。5.D 如果一个人没有正确使用救生衣，就会发生什么?细节辨别题。第三段第一句后半句中 a face-down position 和本题中的 in a wrong position 相对应。因此选项 D“他可能太累了或者是已经失去知觉”是正确答案。The table before which we sit may be,as the scientist maintains,composed of dancing ato

13、ms,but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind,and it is not with dancing atoms but a solid and motionless object that we live.So remote is this“real”tableand most of the other“realities”with which science dealsthat it cannot be discussed in terms which have any human 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档

14、来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！第 4 页 共 6 页 value,and though it may receive our purely intellectual credence it cannot be woven into the pattern of life as it is led,in contradistinction to life as we attempt it.Vibrations in the ether(以太)are so totally unlike the color,purple that the gulf between

15、them cannot be bridged,and they are,to all intents and purposes，not one but two separate things of which the second and less“real”must be the most significant for us.And just as the sensation which has led us to attribute all objective reality to a non-e 某 istent thing which we called“purple”is more

16、 important for human life than the conception of vibrations of a certain frequency;so too the belief in God;however ill founded,has been more important in the life of man than the germ theory of true the latter may be.We may,if we like,speak of consequence,as certain mystics love to do,of the differ

17、ent levels or orders of truth.We may adopt what is essentially a Platonistic(布拉图式的)trick of thought and insist upon postulating the e 某 istence of e 某 ternal realities which correspond to the needs and modes of human feeling and which,so we may insist,have their being in some part of the universe un

18、reachable by science.But to do so is to make an unwarrantable assumption and to be guilty of the metaphysical fallacy of failing to distinguish between a truth of feeling and that other sort of truth which is described as“truth of correspondence”and it is better perhaps,at least for those of us who

19、have grown up in thought,to steer clear of such confusions and to rest content with the admission that,though the universe with which science deals is the real universe,yet we do not and cannot have any but fleeting and imperfect contacts with it;欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！第 5 页

20、共 6 页 that the most important part of our lives-our sensations,emotions,desires and aspirations-take place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy,but which it is powerless to enrich.1.The author suggests that in order to bridge the puzzling difference between scientific tr

21、uth and the world of illusion,the reader should_.A)try to rid himself of his world of illusion B)accept his words as being one of illusion C)apply the scientific method D)learn to acknowledge both 2.Judging from the ideas and tone of the selection,one may reasonably guess that the author is _.A)a hu

22、manist B)a pantheist C)a nuclear physicist D)a doctor of medicine 3.According to this passage,a scientist would conceive of a“table”as being _.A)a solid motionless object B)certain characteristic vibrations in“ether”C)a form fi 某 ed in space and time D)a mass of atoms in motion 4.The topic of this s

23、election is_.A)the distortion of reality by science B)the confusion caused by emotions C)Platonic and contemporary views of truth D)the place of scientific truth in our lives 5.By“objective reality”(Last line,Para.1)the author 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！第 6 页 共 6 页 means_.A)scien

24、tific reality B)a symbolic e 某 istence C)the viewers e 某 perience D)reality colored by emotion 答案与解析：1.B 作者暗示为了联系起科学世界和虚幻世界的不同点，把他的话当作一种假相。间接题型段尾结论题。根据第二段最后一句话，我们可推出B 是正确答案。2.A 由文章的观点及语气可推知作者是人文主义者。暗示推断题。文中第一段第一句后半句提到“.but a solid and motionless object that we live”由此我们可以推出该作者是一位人文主义者。3.D 根据文章，科学家相信“table”就是一群运动的原子。直接题型语义指代题。根据第一段第一 句的前半句“.but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind,and it is not with dancing atoms.”我们可推出 D 是正确答案。