英语:unit1《friendship》课件-grammar(新人教版必修1)讲解学习.ppt
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1、英语:unit1friendship课件-grammar(新人教版必修1)直接引述别人的原话,直接引述别人的原话,叫叫直接引语直接引语。(直接引语直接引语一般一般 前后要加引号前后要加引号 )The teacher said,“he is hard-working.”用自己的话转述别人的话,用自己的话转述别人的话,叫叫间接引语间接引语。(间接引语间接引语在多数情况构成宾语从句,在多数情况构成宾语从句,不用引号不用引号)。)。The teacher said that he was hard-working.Indirect speechDirect Speech Indirect speech
2、Direct SpeechDiscovering useful structures:1.She said,“I wont go there any more.”She said she wouldnt come here any more.Find out the difference Find out the difference between direct speech between direct speech and indirect speech.and indirect speech.2.He said,“This will be finished tomorrow.”He s
3、aid that would be finished the next day.3.Paul said,“I visited China last year.”Paul said he had visited China the year before.4.“I am very glad to visit your school”,she said.She said she was very glad to visit our school.5.He said,“I havent heard from my parents these days.”He said that he hadnt h
4、eard from his parents those days.一一.陈述句陈述句(Statements)直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导。从句的人、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。1)人称的变化 他说:“我我非常喜欢它。”他说他他非常喜欢它。2)时态的变化 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态则无需变化。He said,“I like it very much.”He said that he liked it very much.直接引语转换为间接引语时人
5、称代词转换规律直接引语转换为间接引语时人称代词转换规律 He said to Tom,“I can help them.”He said to Tom that he could help them.He said to her,“You can help them.”He told her that she could help them.He said to Tom,“They can help them.”He told Tom that they could help them.一从主:一从主:二从宾:二从宾:三不变:三不变:3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化)指示代词、时间
6、状语、地点状语和动词的变化间接引语间接引语直接引语直接引语She said that she would go there that evening.She said,“Ill come here this evening.”Come-goHe said that his sister had been there one week before.He said,“My sister was here one week ago.”Here-thereShe told me that he had left 30 minutes before.She said,“He leftt 30 minu
7、tes ago.”Ago-beforeShe said that she would go there the next day.She said,“Ill go there tomorrow.”Tomorrow-the next dayShe said that she had gone there the day before.She said,“I went there yesterday.”Yesterday-the day beforeHE said that he hadnt seen her that day.He said,“I havent seen her today.”T
8、oday-that dayHe said that it was nine oclock then.He said,“Its nine oclock now.”Now-thenHe said that those books were his.He said,“These books are mine.”These-thoseShe said that she would finish the work that morning.She said,“Ill finish the work this morning.”This-that例例 句句直接引语转化间接引语直接引语转化间接引语时的变化时
9、的变化时态的变化时态的变化间接引语间接引语直接引语直接引语She said that she would do it after class.She said,“Ill do it after class.”一般将来时一般将来时-过过去将来时去将来时He said that he had finished the homework before supper.He said,“I had finished my homework before supper.”过去完成时过去完成时 不不变变He said that he had come to help me.He said,“I came t
10、o help you.”一般过去时一般过去时-过过去完成时去完成时She said that she had not heard from him since May.She said,“Ive not heard from him since May.”现在完成时现在完成时-过过去完成时去完成时He said that he was using the knife.He said,“Im using the knife.”现在进行时现在进行时-过过去进行时去进行时He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish the work.He said,“Im
11、 afraid I cant finish the work.”一般现在时一般现在时 一一般过去时般过去时列列 句句直接引语转换成间接引语直接引语转换成间接引语时的时态变化时的时态变化直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略)从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等都要作相应的变化。注意注意:(1)直接引语如果是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态)直接引语如果是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态 不变。如:不变。如:He said,“Light travels much faster than sound.”He said that light tra
12、vels much faster than sound.“A friend in need is a friend indeed,”Mother said to me.Mother told me that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(2)如果在如果在当地当地转述,转述,here不必改为不必改为there,动词,动词come 不不必改为必改为go。如果在。如果在当天当天转述,转述,yesterdaytomorrow等时等时间状语也不必改变。间状语也不必改变。陈述句:陈述句:引语前用引语前用thatthat引导引导,有时也可以不用。有时也可以不用。1
13、 He said,“I opened the window this morning.”He said that he opened the window that morning.2 My sister said,“We have cleaned the floor.”My sister said that they had cleaned the floor.3 The manager said to me,“You must go there next week.”The manager told me that I had to go there the next week.4 The
14、 girl said,“I can do my homework myself.”The girl said that she could do her homework herself.如直接引语是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变。如直接引语是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变。5 The teacher said in class,“The moon moves around the earth.”The teacher said in class that the moon moves around the earth.陈述句直接引语变间接引语的结构:陈述句直接引语变间接引语的结构:A
15、 said thatA told B thatThe girl said that she could do her homework herself.The manager told me that I had to go there the next week.2.2.疑问句疑问句直接引语如果是疑问句,变为间接引语时,要吧疑问句语直接引语如果是疑问句,变为间接引语时,要吧疑问句语序改为陈述语序。句末用句号,主语的人称、时态和状语序改为陈述语序。句末用句号,主语的人称、时态和状语等也要作相应地变化。等也要作相应地变化。1)一般疑问句:直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引)一般疑问句:直接引语
16、如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,要用连词语时,要用连词whether或或if引导。主句中的谓语动词是引导。主句中的谓语动词是said时,要改为时,要改为asked,没有间接宾语的,可以加一个间接宾语,没有间接宾语的,可以加一个间接宾语(me,him,her,us ect)。)。(1)He said,“are you interested in English?”He asked me if I was interested in English.(2)He said,“Did you see him last night?”He asked me whether I had seen him
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