英语写作训练(公开课)知识分享.ppt

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1、英语写作训练(公开课)写一个完整的句子写一个完整的句子这几句是正确的句子吗这几句是正确的句子吗?如果你认为如果你认为有误有误,该怎么改该怎么改?1.Work hard,you will succeed.2.There are only 4 students take part in the class.and whotaking/to take 句子的分类句子的分类简单句简单句:只包含一个主谓结构的句子只包含一个主谓结构的句子.并并列列句句:主主谓谓结结构构+连连词词(and,but,so,or)+主谓结构主谓结构(或更多的主谓结构或更多的主谓结构)复合句复合句:引导词引导词+主谓结构主谓结构

2、,主谓结构主谓结构(从句从句)(主句主句)五种基本的简单句五种基本的简单句1.1.主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词2.2.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Birds fly.Buses run from dawn till midnight.We are studying hard.We have read many books.They do shopping at the weekend.We are learning English.3.3.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语4.4.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语5.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾

3、语补足语宾语补足语 We are students.He became a scientist.That sounds good.He gave Tom a present.He offered me a job.We made him our monitor.The manager thinks the plan practical.He will have his bike repaired.I wont have you speaking to your mother like that.并列句并列句1.用用连连词词/副副词词(and,but,so,for,or,notonlybut a

4、lso,eitheror,neithernor,while,bothand,however,therefore)1)Li Ming is 18 years old and he is a student in No.1 Middle School.2)Hurry up or youll be late for school.3)Imustgonow,formysisteriswaitingforme.2.用用“;”3.用用“;+adv”1)We fished all day;we didnt catch anything.1)We fished all day;however,we didnt

5、 catch anything.2)The car was almost new;besides,it was in excellent condition.,but we,so all 2)Lilydoeswellinstudy;alltheteachersthinkhighlyofher.复合句复合句复合句里包含两个或更多的主谓结构复合句里包含两个或更多的主谓结构,其中其中有一个有一个主谓结构为句子的主体称为主句，另一个些主主谓结构为句子的主体称为主句，另一个些主谓结构为从句，他（们）只能充当句子的某一谓结构为从句，他（们）只能充当句子的某一（些）成分，（些）成分，,如如:主语主语,宾语宾

6、语,表语表语,同位语同位语,定语定语,状语等状语等.根据他们在句子中的功能分别称为主语根据他们在句子中的功能分别称为主语从句从句,宾语从句宾语从句,表语从句表语从句,同位语从句同位语从句,定语定语从句从句,状语从句状语从句等等.句子的连贯句子的连贯Faulty:Amanisjudgednotonlybywhathesaysbutalsobyhisdeeds.Faulty:The idea he mentioned at first soundedgood.1.A man is judged not only by what he says but also by what he does.2.

7、A man is judged not only by his words but also by his deeds.1.The idea he firstfirst mentioned sounded good.2.The idea he mentioned sounded good at firstat first.前后的一致、对等、平衡前后的一致、对等、平衡前后的一致、对等、平衡前后的一致、对等、平衡连贯性的要求是：句子前后之间要有照应，连贯性的要求是：句子前后之间要有照应，有衔接，思想的表达应该有序，清楚句有衔接，思想的表达应该有序，清楚句子与句子之间的过渡要符合逻辑，不能造子与句子

8、之间的过渡要符合逻辑，不能造成歧义或矛盾成歧义或矛盾句子的简洁句子的简洁文字简洁文字简洁.如下面这些短语均可用括号中的词代替如下面这些短语均可用括号中的词代替:from time to time(often),draw a conclusion(conclude),with anger(angrily),It is clear that(clearly)试比较下列改写的句子试比较下列改写的句子.Doyouknowthemanwhoisspeakingatthemeeting?Lookoutforcarswhileyouarecrossingthestreet?Do you know the m

9、an speaking at the meeting?Look out for cars while crossing the street?2.避免使用同义词重复避免使用同义词重复.(如下面的这些句子如下面的这些句子,划线部划线部分重复分重复,应删掉应删掉).1).Heisblindinbotheyes.Heisblindinthelefteye.2).Inmyopinion,Ithinkyourplanisfeasible.3).Thedeskisroundinshapeandredincolor.4).Ishallaccompanymymotherbygoingwithhertothem

10、arket.句子表达的多样性及档次翻译下面句子：我知道你喜欢她YourlikingherisknowntousWeareawareofyourlikingherThatyoulikeherisknowntousWeknowitafactthatyoulikeherWhatweknowisthatyoulikeherWeknowthatyoulikeherItisknowntousthatyoulikeherWeknowthefactthatyoulikeherAsfarasweknow,youlikeherAsweallknow,youlikeherYoulikeher,whichisknow

11、ntous段落段落(设计好一个段落设计好一个段落)一般说来一般说来,一个段落由三部分组成一个段落由三部分组成:主题句主题句,扩展句和结论句扩展句和结论句.主题句提出的论述的主题主题句提出的论述的主题,扩展句利用必要的细节对主题加以论证说扩展句利用必要的细节对主题加以论证说明明,结论句总结全文结论句总结全文,在论证的基础上得出结在论证的基础上得出结论论.这三者是段落的必要成分这三者是段落的必要成分,他们相辅相成他们相辅相成,构成一个完整的段落构成一个完整的段落.有些段落还有过渡句有些段落还有过渡句,它起到段与段之间的顺利过渡它起到段与段之间的顺利过渡.1.主题句主题句1)主题句的位置:请找出段落

12、的主题句Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentshowthatsmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousdiseasecancer,smokingcanalsocauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itgivesonea“smokerscough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforsmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldortheterriblekiller,cancer,smok

13、ingisharmful.Isitworthit?AlbertEinstein,oneoftheworldsgreatestscientists,failedinhisuniversityentranceexamonhisfirstattempt.WilliamFaulkner,oneofAmericasfamouswriters,neverfinishedcollegebecausehecouldnotpasshisEnglishcourses.SirWinstonChurchill,whoisconsideredoneofthemastersoftheEnglishlanguage,was

14、verypoorinEnglishduringmiddleschool.Thesefewexamplesshowthatschooldoesnotalwayspredictfailureinlife.Karaok,whichwasinventedbyaJapanese,oneofthegreatestwondersofmoderntechnology.Needlesstosay,Karaokisagoodwayofrest.Youcanlearnanewsongeasily.Itsalsoagoodwaytomakeyourfriendshappy.Nearlyeverybodyhasacha

15、ncetobeasingingstar.However,everythinghastwosides,sodoesKaraok.Itsnoisytoyourneighbors.Besides,ifyousingbadly,theywillfeeluncomfortable.Infact,youaresuretomakeasoundpollution2)写好主题句写好主题句,有两条原则有两条原则1.主题句要明确主题句要明确,句中须有一个词句中须有一个词,词组词组,或从句让或从句让读者一目了然本段的确切主题读者一目了然本段的确切主题,明确本段的重点或明确本段的重点或观点观点.例如例如:Thispar

16、agraphwilltalkaboutbirds.这句作为主题句就太笼统这句作为主题句就太笼统,不确切不确切.试比较试比较以下几句以下几句,下列几个主题句就确切地阐明了段落的下列几个主题句就确切地阐明了段落的主题主题:a.Birdshaveagreatsenseofdirection.b.Petownersprefercertainspeciesofbirds.c.Inmyopinion,abirdmakesabetterpetthanacatdoes.d.Birdsaresufferingfromair-pollution.2.主题句要概括,它陈述你要说明的重点和观点,句中必须包含有可扩展主

17、题的词,词组或从句.他应该是你将进一步表明你的态度和看法的概括.同时,主题句有利于控制作者本人的主题的扩展.例如:TheyounggirlstudiedChineseHistory.该主题句未能概括主题的要点,则不利于下面的扩展.最好增添一个词或一个短语来修改这个句子,以便顺利地展开你的主题.例如:a.TheyounggirleagerlystudiedChineseHistory.b.TheyounggirlstudiedChineseHistoryunderafamoushistorian.c.TheyounggirlfoundthreereasonsforstudyingChineseH

18、istory.扩展句扩展句 扩展句的作用是丰富扩展句的作用是丰富,支持支持,扩展主题扩展主题句的内涵句的内涵.他们是段落的血和肉他们是段落的血和肉.扩展句扩展句的表达形式是多种多样的的表达形式是多种多样的,可以按时间或可以按时间或空间顺序空间顺序,从整体到局部从局部到整体的从整体到局部从局部到整体的方法叙述方法叙述,描写描写,说明或议论说明或议论,也可用比较也可用比较,对比对比,比喻比喻,推导推导,归纳归纳,演绎的手段来展现演绎的手段来展现.单单一一性性:一一个个段段落落只只说说明明一一个个问问题题,讲讲述述一一件件事事,扩扩展句必须紧紧地围绕着主题句展句必须紧紧地围绕着主题句,不偏离中心思想

19、不偏离中心思想.通常对扩展句的要求有两个通常对扩展句的要求有两个:单一性和连贯性单一性和连贯性 找出一个违背单一性的句子找出一个违背单一性的句子.China has made great progress in reducing its population growth.China has already cut its rate of population growth by about one half since 1970.It is wrong of the western governments to find fault with its policies of eliminat

20、ion of poverty.China now urges each family to have no more than one child.And it hopes to reach zero population growth,the number of birth equaling the number of death,by the year 2000.连贯性连贯性:段落中各扩展句前后衔接段落中各扩展句前后衔接,条理清楚条理清楚,合乎合乎逻辑逻辑,使读者很容易抓住段落的中心思想使读者很容易抓住段落的中心思想.在议论文中在议论文中,我们常会谈到首先我们常会谈到首先,其次其次,然后然

21、后,该如何表达该如何表达?1)first,second,third,last2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally3)thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thelast4)tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally5)to start with,next,in addition,/besides,last but notleast6)ontheonehand,ontheotherhand7)foronething,foranotherthing结论句结论句结论句并非必不可少结论句并非必不可少,但它能起到以下的作用但

22、它能起到以下的作用:(1)表示段落的结束表示段落的结束(2)总结要点总结要点,与与主题句主题句相呼应相呼应(3)供供读读者者就就本本段段落落的的主主要要内内容容和和见见解解有有个个深深刻刻的的印象或进行思考印象或进行思考基础写作的评分标准基础写作的评分标准:准确性准确性:句子的表达要符合语法规范句子的表达要符合语法规范.完整性完整性:题目所列举的信息要表达完整题目所列举的信息要表达完整连连贯贯性性:整整段段话话是是一一个个篇篇章章,句句子子之之间间要要衔衔接接自自然然,能恰当地使用连词能恰当地使用连词,不是单纯的翻译句子不是单纯的翻译句子复杂性复杂性:无无基础写作四重奏基础写作四重奏:1.信信

23、息息划划分分:确确定定哪哪些些相相关关的的信信息息可可用用一一句句话话表表达达,确确保保5个个句句子子表表达达完完所所有有的的信信息息.建建议议可可在在题题目上用铅笔做目上用铅笔做,的标志的标志(完整性完整性)2.列出关键词组和句型列出关键词组和句型(准确性准确性)3.串联句子串联句子:用正确的语法结构写出准确的句子用正确的语法结构写出准确的句子,并形成篇章并形成篇章(连贯性连贯性)4.4.检查检查(准确性准确性)写作内容写作内容人物介绍：老师范例人物介绍：老师范例(1)1李莎，李莎，女，英语老师女，英语老师,22岁，岁，1.65米，身材苗条米，身材苗条,装扮装扮入时。入时。2性格活泼，性格活

24、泼，爱唱爱跳，爱唱爱跳，爱开玩笑。爱开玩笑。3教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。4与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；5.常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。写作要求写作要求1题目：题目：AUniqueTeacher2必须使用必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容个句子介绍全部所给的内容3将将5个句子组织成连贯的短文个句子组织成连贯的短文步骤一：句子内容完整性步骤一：句子内容完整性将所给信息整合成将所给信息整合成5个句子个句子1李莎，李莎，女，女，22岁，岁，1。65米，身材苗条，装扮米，身材苗条

25、，装扮入时。入时。2性格活泼，性格活泼，爱唱爱跳，爱唱爱跳，爱开玩笑。爱开玩笑。3教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。4与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；5常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。本题不需要进行信息整合本题不需要进行信息整合,每一点一句话每一点一句话2.activelikesplay jokes 3.be lively and interestingplay games,not speak much,leaves more time4.get on well with,be popu

26、lar municate with.by e-mail or Internet步骤二：句子所需的词汇，短语和句型步骤二：句子所需的词汇，短语和句型1李莎，李莎，女，英语老师女，英语老师,22岁，岁，1.65米，身材苗条米，身材苗条,装装扮入时。扮入时。2性格活泼，性格活泼，爱唱爱跳，爱唱爱跳，爱开玩笑。爱开玩笑。3教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。4与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；5.常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。be slim and fashionable：A Unique Te

27、acher Li Sha，our English teacher,is a fashionable and slim young lady,who is 22 years old,and1.65 meters tall.The active teacher likes dancing,singing，and she plays jokes with us.Her lessons are interesting and lively;she leaves us much time to practise and we often play games in class.Miss Li gets

28、on well with us and she is very popular.After class,she also communicate with us by e-mail or Internet.。范文范文1:步骤三：连词成句，连句成篇步骤三：连词成句，连句成篇A Unique Teacher Li Sha，our English teacher,is a fashionable and slim young lady,who is 22 years old,and 1.65 meters tall.The active teacher likes dancing,singing a

29、nd joking.Besides,her lessons are interesting,lively;her teaching methods are also very unique,during which we often play games.She never talks much in class,instead,she leaves us much time to practise by ourselves,so all of us are interested in her lessons.Miss Li gets on well with the students;she

30、 always communicates with us by e-mail or Internet.范文范文2:步骤四步骤四:检查检查1.时态时态2.主谓一致主谓一致3.名词单复数名词单复数4.单词拼写单词拼写5.动词的过去式动词的过去式,过去分词过去分词6.句子是否完整句子是否完整1.和睦的家庭有利于孩子的个性发展和家和睦的家庭有利于孩子的个性发展和家人的身心健康。人的身心健康。A harmonious family is beneficial to our personal development and our physical and mental health.2.和睦的家庭是充满

31、着温暖、爱心和欢笑和睦的家庭是充满着温暖、爱心和欢笑的；成员间相互关爱、尊重和理解。的；成员间相互关爱、尊重和理解。A harmonious family is always full of warmth,love and laughter in which parents and children not only show concern for each other but also respect and understand each other.3.生长在和睦家庭的孩子性格乐观向上；生长在和睦家庭的孩子性格乐观向上；同时生活在和睦家庭的父母会更加健康同时生活在和睦家庭的父母会更加健

32、康快乐。快乐。If a child grows up in a harmonious family,he is more likely to be cheerful and optimistic.Meanwhile,parents in a harmonious family are sure to live happily and more healthily.4.为了创建和睦家庭：一方面父母应该在为了创建和睦家庭：一方面父母应该在言行举止上给孩子们做表率；同时还需要言行举止上给孩子们做表率；同时还需要经常与孩子沟通交流。另一方面作为这个经常与孩子沟通交流。另一方面作为这个家庭中的孩子，我们

33、应该学会体谅父母的家庭中的孩子，我们应该学会体谅父母的艰辛，比如主动做家务等来减轻他们的负艰辛，比如主动做家务等来减轻他们的负担。担。To create such a harmonious family parents should be rule models for their children in words and behavior and often communicate with them.As children of the family,we should show understanding for our parents hardship,and try to shar

34、e their burdens by doing housework voluntarily and so on.5.如果我们能够做到这些，那么我们的家如果我们能够做到这些，那么我们的家庭会变得更加和谐。庭会变得更加和谐。If we do so,our home will always be harmonious.How we can build up a harmonious family A harmonious family is essential to our personal development and our physical and mental health.A harm

35、onious family is always full of warmth,love and laughter in which parents and children not only show concern for each other but also respect and understand each other.If a child grows up in a harmonious family,he is more likely to be cheerful and optimistic.Meanwhile,parents in a harmonious family a

36、re sure to live happily and more healthily.To create such a harmonious family parents should be rule models for their children in words and behavior and often communicate with them.As children of the family,we should show understanding for our parents hardship,and try to share their burdens by doing

37、 housework voluntarily and so on.If we do so,our home will always be harmonious.读写任务参考范文读写任务参考范文 When the author,an oversea student,was badly ill,a shopkeeper made him a sandwich and offered hot soup.Feeling warm with her kindness,the author decided to be as kind as her.The passage reminds me of Mis

38、s Chen,my teacher of Chemistry,whose act of kondness influences me a lot.Though I was poor in chemistry,she justencouraged me not to give up.She even did everything to ease my anxiety.It sounds like nothing big,but her act did make me feel warm.With such a teacher,there is no doubt that Iwill act as

39、 her in future.As long as I do so,others can also feel the kindness of Miss Chen.When I enter a college,I will keep kindness in mind.If possible,I will try to become a youth volunteer,who offers help to others.No matter how hard it is,I will do my best to help those people in need.此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢