2021年中考英语真题分类汇编之名词的用法.docx

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1、2021年中考英语真题分类汇编之名词的用法一.选择题（共8小题）（2021 鄂州）- -What* s your favorite ， John?-History.lt is very interesting.（）A. foodB. vegetableC. animalD. subject（2021 黄冈）-What are you going to celebrate the 100th birthday of the CPC （中国 共产党）these days?-Were learning to sing the My Motherland and Me.（）A. songB. musi

2、cC. movieD. lesson（2021 湖W匕）China is making to help more developing countries fight againstCOVID - 19.（）A. a decision B. a messC. an effortD. a mistake（2021 湖北）-How do you improve your English ?-I often talk with the persons whose mother language is English.（）A. populationB. transportationD. suggest

3、ionC. pronunciation 5 .（2021 十堰）The of the Sanxingdui Ruins site （三星堆遗址）shocked the world.A. discoveryB. developmentC. disbeliefD. difference（2021 武汉）The idiom （成语）Mengzis mother makes three moves tells of mother who didall she could to provide the best for her child.（）A. experienceB. instructionC.

4、environmentD. information（2021 荆州）-Whats your about the result of our schoofs basketball match?- Im sure my class will be the winner.（）A. preparationB. predictionC. informationD. introduction（2021 恩施州）My uncle works in a hospital, and he is a.（）【考点】名词的词义辨析；不定冠词（a, an）.【分析】中国正在努力帮助更多开展中国家抗击疫情。【解答】mak

5、e a decision 做决定；make a mess 制造混舌L； make an effort 做努力；make a mistake犯错误。根据”帮助更多开展中国家抗击疫情”可知选择“做努力”。应选：Co【点评】了解各选项的含义及用法，根据语境选择合适的选项。4. （2021 湖北）-How do you improve your English ?-I often talk with the persons whose mother language is English.（）A. populationB. transportationC. pronunciationD. sugges

6、tion【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】一你是怎样提高你的英语发音的？我经常和母语是英语的人交谈。【解答】population 人口； transportation 交通；pronunciation 发音；suggestion 建议。根据 答语”我经常和母语是英语的人交谈可知问句询问你是怎样提高你的英语发音的？，故 选择 pronunciationo应选：Co【点评】了解各选项的含义及用法，根据语境选择合适的选项。5 .（2021 十堰）The of the Sanxingdui Ruins site （三星堆遗址）shocked the world.（ ）A. discoveryB. dev

7、elopmentC. disbeliefD. difference【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】三星堆遗址的发现震惊世界。【解答】A.发现；B.开展；C.怀疑；D.差异。根据句意：三星堆遗址的震惊世界。 可知A.发现符合题意。应选：Ao【点评】此题考查名词的词义辨析，在熟知名词词义的基础上，结合句意，仔细分析， 便可得出答案。6 .（2021 武汉）The idiom （成语）Mengzis mother makes three moves* tells of mother who didall she could to provide the best for her child.（）A.

8、 experienceB. instructionC. environmentD. information【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】成语“孟母三迁”讲的是母亲竭尽全力为孩子提供最好的环境的故事。【解答】experience 经验；经历；instruction 指令；environment 环境；information 信息。根据常识可知成语孟母三迁讲的是母亲为给孩子提供最好的环境三次搬家的故事。应选：Co【点评】了解各选项的含义及用法，根据语境选择合适的选项。7. （2021 荆州）-Whats your about the result of our schools basketbal

9、l match?-Im sure my class will be the winner.（）A. preparationB. predictionC. informationD. introduction【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】 你预测我们学校的篮球比赛结果如何？我确定我的班级会是赢家。【解答】preparation 准备；prediction 预测；information 信息;introduction 介绍。根据下 一句”我确定我的班级会是赢家。“可知，“预测”填入符合题意。应选：Bo【点评】正确辨析四个名词的汉语意思，结合题干句意选择最恰当的一项。8. （2021 恩施州）My

10、 uncle works in a hospital, and he is a.（）A. doctorsB. nursesC. doctor【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】我叔叔在一个医院工作，他是一名医生。【解答】doctors医生；是doctor的复数；nurses护士，是nurse的复数；doctor医生，可 数名词单数。所填词前面是不定冠词a,故用可数名词单数。应选：Co【点评】了解各选项的含义及用法，根据语境选择合适的选项。二.词汇应用（共5小题）（2021 随州）The ending of junior high school is the b eginning of a new

11、life.【考点】首字母填空.【分析】初中的结束是新生活的开始。【解答】根据The ending of junior high schoo初中的结束”及首字母提示可知，应该是新 生活的“开始”，填动名词beginning。故答案为：beginningo【点评】首字母填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据首字母提示完成试题，注意时态、 单复数、词性等变化。9. （2021 恩施州）春节期间，许多名胜对游客免费开放。（interest）Many places of interest are open to visitors for free during the Spring Festival.【考点】

12、汉译英.【分析】 Many places of interest are open to visitors for free during the Spring Festival.【解答】place of interest名胜，many修饰复数名词。故答案是 places of interest【点评】汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语, 构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。10. （2021宜昌）依我之见，多阅读是提高语言能力的秘诀之一。（secret）In my opinion, reading more is one of the secrets of imp

13、roving your language ability.【考点】汉译英.分析In my opinion, reading more is one of the secrets of improving your language ability.【解答Jthe secret of doing sth.做某事的秘诀,根据one of the +复数名词”可知用复数形式。 故答案是the secrets of【点评】此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合 短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。11. （2021随州）我认为四月是泰国最热的月份。I believe that

14、 April is the hottest month in Thailand.【考点】汉译英.分析I believe that April is the hottest month in Thailand o【解答】April四月；hottest最热。根据句意”我认为四月是泰国最热的月份”和语法可知 此题的答案。故答案为：April； hottesto【点评】此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合 句子，便可得出正确答案。12. (2021 随州)我长大后想当一名工程师.I want to be an engineer when I grow up.【考点】汉译

15、英.【分析】I want to be an engineer when I grow up.【解答】工程师engineer,是元音音素开头的单词，前面用an.故答案为 an engineer.【点评】汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语， 构成合乎语法，句意完整的句子.三.完形填空(共1小题)(2021 荆州)Dont shake hands!Dont hug anyone! (1) A order to slow the spread of COVID - 19, were advised to avoid physical contact (接触)as (2

16、) C as possible.Some of us have been (3) A to more creative ways of greeting one another, such as a friendly wave from two meters away.We are not sure when this pandemic (流行病) will end.But (4) D more people get their vaccines (疫苗)，we may soon be able to get back to hugging, shaking hands and kissing

17、 checks.But .should we?We are (5) from a young age that it is impolite not to shake hands when we meet people.But Ashley Peterson, a doctor in the United States, thinks we should be more careful about how we greet people.Not (6) C likes to be hugged.Peterson says now is the perfect time for parents

18、to guide their kids in making (7) A about how to greet people.The idea is not to (8) C hugs and handshakes.If your kids want to hug others, they should.If they feel (9) D about hugging, they can use other ways to greet people.Anthony Fauci, a health educator, holds a stronger opinion.He thinks we sh

19、ould never shake hands again. nWefve got to (10) that custom, n he says. nThat is really one of the major (主要的) ways to pass on an illness.H(1) A.In(1) A.InB.ToC.WithD.At(2) A.farB.silentlyC.muchD.loudly(3) A.usedB. worriedC.embarrassedD.disappointed(4) A.soB. whetherC.beforeD.as(5) A.saidB.toldC.la

20、ughedD. stopped(6) A.anyoneB.someoneC.everyoneD.none(7) A.decisionsB.mistakesC.callsD.noises(8) A.supportB.discussC.cancelD. protect(9) A.unknownB.unluckyC.uncrowdedD. uncomfortable(10) A.saveB. breakC.chooseD.follow【考点】议论文.【分析】文章介绍了在新冠疫情期间人们打招呼方式的改变和一些人的看法。【解答】(1) A介词辨析。根据in order t。为了是固定短语，故答案是A。(

21、2) C副词辨析。A远，B沉默地，C很多，D大声地，根据as much as possible尽可 能地，应该是尽可能地防止接触，故答案是C。(3) A动词辨析。A使用，B担忧，C尴尬，D失望，根据后面such as a friendly wave from two meters away比方两米外的友好摆手，可知我们中的一些人已经习惯了更具创造性的 问候方式，be used to习惯于，故答案是A。(4) D连词辨析。A所以，B是否，C在之前，D当时，根据语境，应该是但随着 越来越多的人接种疫苗，我们可能很快就能回到拥抱、握手和亲吻的状态，as引导的时 间状语从句，故答案是D。(5) B动词

22、辨析。A说，B告诉，C笑，D停止，根据后面it is impolite not to shake hands when we meet people我们见面时不握手是不礼貌的，可知我们从小就被告诉我们见面时 不握手是不礼貌的，故答案是B。(6) C代词辨析。A任何人，B某人，C所有人，D没有一人，根据语境和常识，应该 是并不是所有人都喜欢拥抱，故答案是C。(7) A名词辨析。A决定，B错误，C打 ，D噪声，根据后面how to greet people 应该是做个决定如何打招呼，故答案是A。(8) C动词辨析。A支持,B讨论,C取消,D保护，根据下文If your kids want to h

23、ug others, they should.If they feel (9) about hugging, they can use other ways to greet people. 如果你的孩子想拥抱别人，他们应该拥抱别人。如果他们对拥抱感到不舒服，他们可以 用其他方式问候别人。可知不取消拥抱和握手，故答案是C。(9) D形容词辨析。A不知道的，B不幸运的，C不拥挤的，D不舒服的，根据后面they can use other ways to greet people.他们可以用其他方式问候别人，可知如果他们对拥抱感 到不舒服，故答案是D。(10) B动词辨析。A节省，B打破，C选择，

24、D跟随，根据上文由于新冠疫情，我们 已经不再握手打招呼，及He thinks we should never shake hands again.他认为我们不应该再 握手了。这里应该是我们已经打破了习俗，故答案是B。【点评】考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思， 选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。四.阅读理解(共3小题)(2021 湖北)Sleepwalking (梦游)is when your child gets out of bed and walks around as if he *s awake, but he*s actually asleep.

25、Sleepwalking doesnt hurt your child, and it usually disappears when the kid grows up.Sleepwalking happens during deep sleep.Your child might get out of bed and walk around as if hes awake, but he wont respond normally to you or anything around him.This may make you upset.But try not to worry - your

26、child is OK.In fact, sleepwalking is quite common.7% to 15% of children sleepwalk, and it doesnt usually mean that theres anything wrong with them.Children aged 4 to 12 are more likely to sleepwalk.Both boys and girls sleepwalk.Sleepwalking often happens in the first few hours of the night.When it h

27、appens, your child s mind is asleep.However, his body is awake at the same time.Sleepwalking usually has something to do with age and development.However, some things can increase your childs sleepwalking.For example： Bad habits that cause poor sleepFever or some other illnesses A family history of

28、sleepwalkingMedical conditions that cause poor sleepIf your child is sleepwalking at least once every night, it*s best to see a doctor.Also see a doctor if your child*s sleepwalking is influencing the sleep of other family members, or if youre worried your child might hurt himself while sleepwalking

29、.(1) The underlined wordnrespondH means in Paragraph 2.A.反对B.反响C.喜欢D.体贴(2) Most kids who sleepwalk usually appear during A .A.primary schoolB.junior schoolC.senior schoolD.middle school(3) When sleepwalking happens, D at the same time .A.a kids mind and his body are awakeB.a kids mind is asleep and

30、his body falls asleep, tooC.a kids mind is awake but his body falls asleepD.a kids mind is asleep but his body is awake(4) Which of the following is not true according to this article? CA.The kids whose parents sleepwalked may sleepwalk.B.The kids whose habits cause poor sleep may sleepwalk.C.The ki

31、ds who often read before going to bed may sleepwalk.D.The kids who sleep badly after they take medicine may sleepwalk.(5) From this article, we know C .A.sleepwalking is very dangerousB.boys are more likely to sleepwalkC.85% to 93% of kids dont sleepwalkD.sleepwalking happens in the morning【考点】健康环保类

32、阅读.【分析】本文主要介绍了梦游的概念、发生范围、发生时间、起因和对策等。【解答】(1) B.词义猜想题。根据 Sleepwalking happens during deep sleep.Your child might get out of bed and walk around as if he*s awake, but he wont respond normally to you or anything around him.可知，梦游发生在深夜的时候。你的孩子可能会从床上爬起来，像醒 着一样四处走动，但他不会对你或他周围的任何东西做出正常反响。所以带下划线的” respond ”一

33、词是指反响。应选B。(2) A.细节理解题。根据 Children aged 4 to 12 are more likely to sleepwalk.可知,4 到 12岁的孩子更容易梦游。所以大多数梦游的孩子通常出现在小学。应选A。(3)D.细节理解题。根据 Sleepwalking often happens in the first few hours of the night.When it happens, your childs mind is asleep.However, his body is awake at the same time.可知, 梦游经常发生在晚上的头几个小

34、时，当梦游发生时，你的孩子的大脑处于睡眠状态，但 他的身体却同时处于清醒状态。所以当梦游发生的时候，一个孩子的头脑是睡着的，但 他的身体是清醒的。应选D。(4) C.推理判断题。根据 Sleepwalking usually has something to do with age and development.However, some things can increase your childs sleepwalking.For example： Bad habits that cause poor sleep Fever or some other illnesses SA fami

35、ly history of sleepwalking Medical conditions that cause poor sleep 可知，梦游通常与年龄和发育有 关。但是，有些事情会增加孩子的梦游。例如：导致睡眠不良的坏习惯发烧或其他 疾病梦游的家族史导致睡眠不良的疾病。所以根据这篇文章，经常在睡前看书的孩 子可能会梦游是不正确的。应选C。(5) C.推理判断题。根据 In fact, sleepwalking is quite common.7% to 15% of children sle叩walk可知事实上，梦游是很常见的。7%到15%的孩子梦游。所以从这篇文章中，我 们知道85%到

36、93%的孩子不会梦游。应选C。【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正 确答案推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。16. (2021 十堰)A river is a flowing (流动的)，moving stream of water.Usually a river feeds water into an ocean, lake, pond, or even another river.Rivers can differ in size and there is no strict rule on how big a flo

37、w of water must be to be called as a river.Here are the five longestrivers in the world.The Nile RiverThe Nile River is 4, 135 miles long.It is located in the continent of Africa, mostly in the countries of Egypt and Sudan.lt flows north into the Mediterranean Sea.The Amazon RiverThe Amazon River is

38、 3, 980 miles long.It is located in the continent of South America and flows through several countries including Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, and Ecuador.lt ends at the Atlantic Ocean.The Yangtze RiverLocated in China, the Yangtze River is 3,917 miles long and flows into the East China Sea.The Missis

39、sippi River and the Missouri RiverThe river system of the Mississippi River and the Missouri River is thelongest river system in North America at 3, 902 miles.lt flows south into the Gulf of Mexico.The Yenisei RiverThe Yenisei River starts in Mongolia and flows through Russia to theKara Sea in the A

40、rctic Ocean.Its 3, 445 miles long.There are 76 rivers in the world over 1, 000 miles long. A lot of people think that rivers always flow south, but 4 of the 10 longest rivers in the world flow north.The United States alone has around 3.5 million miles of rivers.Four of the top 10 longest rivers flow

41、 through China at some point.(1) The Nile River is longer than the Yangtze River.A.155 milesB.218 milesC.233 milesD.690 miles(2) Which is the second longest river in the world?A.The Nile River.B.The Mississippi River.C.The Yangtze River.D.The Amazon River.(3) The Mississippi River ends at C . A.the

42、Mediterranean SeaB.the East China SeaC.the Gulf of MexicoD.the Arctic Ocean(4) According to the passage, how many rivers are there in the world over 1, 000 miles long? A.10.B.76.C.4.D.35.(5) What is the last paragraph mainly about? A A.Fun facts about world rivers.B.In which direction most rivers fl

43、ow.C.Rivers over 1, 000 miles long in the world.D.Four longest rivers flowing through China.【考点】史地常识类阅读.【分析】短文讲了世界上最长的五条河流。详细地介绍了它们的分布和长度等。【解答】(1) B.细节理解题。根据The Nile River is 4, 135 miles long.尼罗河全长4135 英里，Located in China, the Yangtze River is 3, 917 miles long,长江位于中国，全长 3917 英里，”可知尼罗河比长江长218英里。应选B

44、。(2) D.细节理解题。根据The Nile River is 4, 135 miles long,尼罗河有 4135 英里长。The Amazon River is 3, 980 miles long.亚马逊河全长 3980 英里，The river system of the Mississippi River and the Missouri River is the longest river system in North America at 3, 902 miles.密西西比河和密苏里河是北美最长的河流系统，全长3902英里。IThe Yenisei River： t(s3,

45、445 miles long.有3445英里长。”可知亚马逊河是世界第二条长河，应选D。A doctorsB nursesC doctor二.词汇应用(共5小题)9. (2021 随州)The ending of junior high school is the b of a new life.10. (2021恩施州)春节期间，许多名胜对游客免费开放。(interest)Many are open to visitors for free during the Spring Festival.IL (2021宜昌)依我之见，多阅读是提高语言能力的秘诀之一。(secret)In my opi

46、nion, reading more is one of improving your language ability.12. (2021 随州)我认为四月是泰国最热的月份。I believe that is the month in Thailand.13. (2021随州)我长大后想当一名工程师.I want to be when I grow up.三.完形填空(共1小题)(2021 荆州)Dont shake hands!Don*t hug anyone! (1) order to slow the spread of COVID - 19, weTe advised to avoi

47、d physical contact (接触)as (2)as possible.Some of us have been (3) to more creative ways of greeting one another, such as a friendly wave from two meters away.We are not sure when this pandemic (流彳亍3齿) will end.But (4) more people get their vaccines (疫苗)， we may soon be able to get back to hugging, shaking hands and kissing checks.But .should we?We are (5) from a young age that it is impolite not to shake hands when we meet people.But Ashley Peterson, a doctor in the United States, thinks we should be more careful about how we greet people.Not (6) likes to be hugged.Peter