仁爱英语八年级上册语言点、语法归纳.doc

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1、八年级上学期期末复习资料Unit One 语法：一般将来时结构：be (am/ is /are)going to do sth. 表示方案、打算或安排搭配词：tomorrow;the day after tomorrow;tomorrow morning/. next week/month/Friday/. this morning/afternoon/evening/week/term/.; tonight in a week = in + 一段时间 ; 注意划线的提问词用how soon in the future four days later = 一段时间 + later sb. ho

2、pe/wish + 宾语从句将来时e.g. Our Chinese teacher is going to give (give)a speech this Friday.否认句：Our Chinese teacher isnt going to give a speech this Friday.一般疑问句：Is our Chinese teacher going to give a speech this Friday?肯定答复：Yes, he is.否认答复：No,he isnt.画线提问：When is he going to give a speech?Topic 11.see sb

3、. do sth. “看到某人做了某事强调过程，经常发生 see sb. doing sth.“看到某人在做某事强调瞬间，偶尔发生类似用法的动词还有：find; watch; hear;noticee.g. We just found Tom reading a book in his study. Mr. Green often hears the little girl play the piano.2.during(介词) the summer holidaysp.s. 介词后跟动词，动词应加ing。常见介词有：in,for,of,at,by,on,about3.play against

4、“与对抗比赛 fight against “为反对而斗争4.this term/week/month/year/summer holiday/Sunday/Monday/. 将来时 next term/week/month/year/summer holiday/Sunday/Monday/. 将来时 last term/week/month/year/summer holiday/Sunday/Monday/. 过去时5.cheer sb. on “为某人加油 cheer sb. up “使某人振作起来6.prefer doing sth. to doing sth. “喜欢做某事胜过做某事

5、 prefer sth. to sth. “喜欢某物胜过某物 prefer to do sth. than do sth. “喜欢做某事胜过做某事7.go swimming/shopping/fishing/mountain climbing/skating/skiiing/rowing/.8.sb./sth. + be + 数词 + 量词 + 形容词e.g. The river is 300 kilometers long. = How long is the river?9.play for “为球队效力10.sb. be going to be + 职业when sb. grow up

6、sb. want to be + 职业when sb. grow up 11.ne of + 形容词最高级+名词复数+谓语单数e.g. One of the greatest wonders ,the Great Wall, lies in the north of China.12.break the Olympic record “打破奥运会记录13.win the gold medal “获得金牌14.give up doing sth. “放弃做某事15.What a shame ! What a pity !16.“参加 join “参加某组织、政党、团体、俱乐部等等并成为其中一员t

7、ake part in“参加某活动 join in“参加某活动或参加某一群人中17.“花费 sb. spend some money/time on sth. sb. spend some money/time (in) doing sth. sb. pay some money for sth. sth. cost sb. some money It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth.18.be good at = do well in “擅长于 be weak in = do badly in19.There is/are going

8、 to be . = There will be .20.the long jump“跳远 the high jump“跳高21.make sb./sth. + 形容词 keep sb./sth. +形容词 make sb./sth. + 名词 keep sb./sth. + doing sth. make sb./sht. + do sth. 类似用法的动词有：let; help22.all over the world “全世界23.be good for “对有益24.“到达arrive in +大地点arrive at + 小地点get to reach“到那儿arrive there

9、/ get there25.Chinas national team “中国国家队26.形容词以ed结尾和人搭配： excited;interested;moved;bored形容词以ing结尾修饰(事)物：exciting;interesting;moving;boring27.stay for long “待很久28.leave for “动身前往leave for“离开前往Topic 2语法：表示建议的句型：Would you mind (not) doing sth. ? “做某事你(不)介意吗？ Would you mind if I .? “如果我做某事你不介意吗 表示允许的答复：

10、Of course not./Certainly not./.表示不允许的答复：Youd better not./Sorry.1.Could you please do me a favor ?=Could you help me ?=Could you give me a hand ?2.fall ill; be ill; get ill3.pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. “把某物递给某人give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.4.right away “立刻；马上=

11、at once = right now5.somewhere else6.throw . around = throw . about =throw . here and there7.manage sth. oneself “自我管理8.What do you mean by(介词) doing sth. ? “你那么做是什么意思9.shout at sb. “对某人大吼 be angry at sth. “对某事生气 be angry with sb.“对某人生气10.“也either否认句、疑问句句末 also动词前be或助动词后too肯定句句末，逗号隔开 as well肯定句句末，不用

12、逗号11.do ones best to do sth. “尽某人最大努力做某事12.say sorry/hello/good-bye to sb.“向某人说对不起/问好/道别 Im sorry for what I said.“我为我说过的话感到抱歉13.keep doing“继续做 practice doing sth. “练习做某事 enjoy doing “喜欢做 love doing“喜欢做 14.serve the food“上菜 turn down/up “把(音量)调低/高 turn on/off“(电源)开/关15.so . that. “如此以至于引导结果状语从句 so t

13、hat “以至于；以便 引导目的状语从句16. start doing“开始做已经在做 start to do“开始去做还没开始做stop doing“停止做 stop to do“停下来去做remember doing“记得做过 remember to do“记得去做forget doing“忘记做过 forget to do“忘记去做finish doing“做完e.g. Stop talking! The workers are very tired,so they stop to have a rest. Dont forget to turn off lights before yo

14、u leave. The old man forgot paying some money for the cakes,so he did it again.17.so + 形容词/副词+ that“如此以至于引导结果状语从句so that“以便，为的是引导目的状语从句e.g. The coat looks so nice that Mrs. Brown wants to take it.18.more and more popular“越来越流行 “越来越有两种表达法：1.形容词比拟级 and 形容词比拟级；如：taller and stronger;better and better;2.

15、the + 形容词比拟级， the + 形容词比拟级；如：the more,the better19.“代替instead of介词短语 take the place of动词短语 instead副词e.g. Tom will take the place of Jack to give a speech. =Tom will give a speech instead of Jack. Jack was ill and had to stay in bed. So Tom will give a speech instead.20.Running helps to build me up.注

16、：动词不能放句首作主语，需加ing变为动名词，而且被看成为一个整体，谓语单数！e.g. Doing moring exercises is good for our health.21.have (great) fun doing sth.“做某事有乐趣e.g. Children have fun playing with dogs.Topic 3时态：一般将来时 结构：主语 + will do sth. =适用于任何人称搭配词：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,in + 一段时间，next Sunday/week/year/., this morning/aft

17、ernoon/evening/year/week/month/.,tonight,in the futuree.g. Her uncle will visit her in three days. = How soon will her uncle visit her?1. be ready for sth. be ready to do sth. get ready for sth. get ready to do sth.2.maybe“也许，可能副词，可放句首 may be“也许是，可能是作谓语动词e.g. Maybe he is a doctor. = He may be a doct

18、or.3.make friends4.Lets make it half past six.5.take (some) photos6.win first place7.cross the finish line8.be able to “能只表示能力，可以用于多种时态 can“能;可以;可能除了表示能力，还可以表示允许，猜想。除了原形，只有过去式could9.improve our environment10.a symbol of “的标志e.g. A dragon is a symbol of the Chinese nation.11.stand for “代表；象征e.g. The

19、full moon stands for families getting together.Unit Two语法：情态助动词：can/could; may/might; should; must; have to; had better; nded; dare; ought to; 1.can“能能力“可以允许“可能猜想2.may“可能猜想“可以允许，征求同意3.must“必须义务；mustnt“不得禁止“一定；准是猜想表示请求，客气或正式程度：might may could can表示猜想，可能性：must can could may mightmust提问时，否认答复是：Must we

20、? No,you dont have to./No,you neednt.“必须 must(除了过去时might外)没有时态、人称和数的变化; 主观看法 have to有时态、人称和数的变化; 客观需要had better 的否认had better notTopic 11.have a headache/toothache/backache/stomachache/cough/cold/fever have the flu; have score eyes2.Im sorry to hear that. = 主语 + be + 形容词 + to do sth.e.g. As a girl s

21、he is afraid to walk in the street at midnight.3.see a doctor/dentist4.I hope you will get well soon.5.Whats wrong with you? = Whats the matter/trouble with you? Whats up?6.drink plenty of boiled water“许多的可以用来修饰可数或不可数名词：lots of;a lot of; plenty of; a great number of;7.lift heavy things8.stay in bed9

22、.have a good sleep10.How long have you been like this? Two days. 完整的答复是：I have been like this for two days.11.take sb. to the hospital12.day and night13.feel like doing sth. “想要做某事14.drink hot tea with honey 15.on the Internet16.take care of sb.=look after sb.=care for sb.(care for除了照顾，还有关爱的意思) take

23、 good care of sb.=look after sb. well=care for sb. well17.check sth. over (again)“检查18.take these (cold) pills; take the (Chinese) medicine19.Two pills each time,three times a day.20.worry about = be worried about21.Stay in bed and dont move your leg too much.22.Follow the doctors advice. = Take the

24、 doctors advice.23.have an accident “发生意外24.ask for two weeks leave“请假两周25.return to school soon“尽快返校 “归还return=give.back “返回return=go back26.Your sincerely, “你真诚地27.eat hot foodTopic Two1.Staying up late is bad for your health.动名词作主语当作一个整体，谓语须单数 stay up late “熬夜2.do morning exercise “做早操 keep finge

25、rnails long “留长指甲3.wash hands before meals4.go to school without breakfast5.You must not read in the sun. give up doing sth.6.read an article in the newspaper about smoking7.Walking is a good exercise.8.show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth.9.put litter into the dustbin throw litter around/about/here and

26、there10.Breakfast gives you energy for the morning. give sb. energy for.11.enough 作形容词修饰名词放前面；作副词修饰形容词或其他副词要后置e.g. Now they have enough time to repair the machine. He doesnt think that this book is interesting enough.12.Go to bed early and get up early. It will keep you active during the day.13.Some

27、thing is wrong with . = There is something wrong with . 不定代词做主语，谓语单数14.exercise for a long time on an empty stomach15.“穿过 through forest/window内部;across street/bridge/desert交叉16.keep the air fresh“保持通风 keep away from “远离17.drink sour milk have an illness brush onee teeth twice a day18.spit in public

28、19.As we know,good health is more important than wealth.20.We should eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat.21.have healthy eating habits22.as we know23.kinds of 24.It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. “做某事对某人来说 It is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth.“做某事某人e.g. It is difficult for Tom to solve the math pro

29、blem in 3 minutes It is very kind of Tom to help the old man carry the heavy box.Topic Three1.Hurry up! hurry to do sth. = do sth. in a hurry2.go ahead 口语中意思为“继续(说吧);开始3.The flu is spreading quickly among people these days.4.prevent sb. (from) doing sth. “阻止某人做某事 = stop sb. (from) doing sth. “阻止某人做某

30、事 = keep sb. from doing sth. “阻止某人做某事 keep sb. doing sth. “让某人一直做某事5.crowded places6.change our clothes often7.Just/Wait a moment/minute/second, please. = Hold on,please.8.Could/May I speak to sb. ?9.examine a patient10.ring sb. up=call/telephone/phone sb.=give sb. a call/ring “打 给某人 call sb. back“给

31、某人回 11.leave a message“留口信;take a message“捎口信; give sb. the message“给某人带口信12.give a talk; Be on time. fast food 13.cause accidents stay safe first aid14.on the other hand15.avoid doing sth.16.You should say no to smoking and drinking. say no to sth./doing17.sweep the floor by oneself; learn. by ones

32、elf = teach oneself; say to oneself; enjoy oneself = have a good time hurt oneself; wash oneself = take/have a bath/shower help oneself manage sth. oneself kill oneself take good care of oneself18.in the hospital in hospital at school at the school19.It is my duty to save patients. It is + 名词 (duty/

33、time/turn/pleasure/moment/.) + to do sth.e.g. It is your turn to clean the living room. It is the time for them to get together to have a party.20.on TV / the Internet / the computer / the phone21.among “三者以上在之间 between.and.“在两者之间22.build up ones body“增强某人体质23.all the time“一直，始终 at the same time“同时

34、at times“有时，不时 at that time“在那时24.lose ones lifeUnit 3 Our HobbiesTopic Oneused to do sth.过去常常做某事否认形式：didnt use to do sth. / usednt to do sth.1.in ones spare/free time2.-Whats your hobby? -I often go fishing. / Im a movie fan. / My hobby is reading books.3.do some ourdoor activities4.maybe / may be5

35、.need a change6.“喜欢做某事 like doing sth.; love doing sth.; be fond of doing sth.; be interested doing sth.; enjoy doing sth.; prefer doing sth.; have great fun doing sth.7.play the guitar = play soccer8.dance to music9.walk a pet dog10.collect stamps11.plant flowers12.make model planes13.learn a lot a

36、bout sb./sth. from sb./sth.14.special events15.of great value = valuable16.My interests are changing all the time.17.do sports18.know little about paintings19.Do you share my interests? = share sth. with sb.20.Lets be friends.21.in front of / in the front of22.keep pets23.chat on the Net24.Hobbies c

37、an bring people happiness, friendship and knowledge.25.daily work26.get well soon27.take/have a bath = take/have a shower28.He doesnt mind whether they are good or not. = if不能代替Topic Two感慨句：What (a/an) + (adj.) + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！1.go to a concert; at the concert; give the concer

38、t2.take/have English lessons/classes; = give English lessons/classes3.lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. ; borrow sth. from sb. = borrow sb. sth.4.How much is it for a piano lesson?5.Its hard to say.6.Classic music is not my favorite,but I dont mind it.7.Pop music often comes and goes quickly.8.be pop

39、ular with sb.9.be famouse for; be famous as; be famous to10.form a band; set up a band11.name sb./sth. ; call sb./sth. 12.do a lot of traveling13.get to know14.in the 1980s15.close friendsTopic Three过去进行时：结构：was / were + doing用法：过去某个时刻正在进行的动作：at 8:00/. + 过去的时间at this/that time/moment + 过去的时间 过去某段时间内

40、持续进行的动作：from 7 to 9 + 过去的时间 the whole morning/. + 过去的时间注：过去进行时可以运用于when、while、as引导的时间状语从句中。as从句谓语动词可用短暂性或延续性动词；从句表示进展过程。 when从句谓语动词可用短暂性或延续性动词；从句表示一个时间段或时间点。 while从句谓语动词须用延续性动词；从句表示一个时间段。eg. As he grew up, he became more clever. When he arrived home, it was just nine oclock. While he was in London,h

41、e studied music.1.Hold the line.=Wait a moment/minute/second.2.answer the phone / pick up the phone3.eat Beijing roast duck4.Wasnt the scenery beautiful?5.just so-so6.agree with sb. =disagree7.please “使快乐; pleased “快乐的; pleasant “令人快乐(愉快)的; pleasure “快乐8.make faces9.listen to the teacher10.in the ea

42、rly 1800s11.all day12.too + adj. to do sth.13.make Saturday afternoon a holidayUnit 4 Our WorldTopic One 形容词的比拟级、最高级：规那么变化：A.单音节和少数双音节加-er或-est: great-greater-greatest以e结尾的加-r或-st: fine-finer-finest辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加-er或-est: happy-happier-happiest重读,辅元辅结尾,尾字母有独立发音的,双写尾字母加-er或-est: big-bigger-biggestB.多音节和局部双音节在词前加more或most: popular-more popular-the most popular不规那么变化：good/well-better-best; bad/ill-worse-worst; many/much-more-most;little-less-least; far-farther/further-farthest/furthest注：比拟级要有比拟对象，而且必须同级同类比拟。搭配词：than 最高级要有比拟范围，形容词最高级前加the。搭配词：of / in1.think about “考虑