2023年中考英语语法讲解与练习：现在完成时（无答案）.docx

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1、现在完成时一、基本结构have/has（助动词）+done （动词的过去分词）二、意义和用法1）表示过去发生或者已经完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果，常与 already, just, yet, ever, before 等状语连用。例如：肯：I have already read the book. 否：I havent read the book yet.疑：Have you read the book yeti Yes, I have./No, I havent.Mother has just cleaned the house.Have you ever met each othe

2、r before?2）表示开始于过去，持续到现在，还有可能继续持续下去的动作或者状态， 此时谓语动词多为延续性动词，如this week, these days, recently, so far, in the past/last few years 等。也与 “for+时间段或者since+时间点”since+ 从句”的状语连用。例如： He has learnt many English words these days.They have seen 4 films recently.Great changes have taken place in Handan in the past

3、/last few years.She has helped me a lot since two years ago.We have lived here since 2000.She has taught in the school /or ten years.“since+从句”：从句要用一般过去时，主句要用现在完成时。I have lived in Handan since I came here.三.延续性动词和瞬间性动词（终止性动词）1）延续，性动词： work, stand, know, keep, have, wait, sleep, sing, live, walk, rea

4、d, watch.2）瞬间性动词：die, arrive, close, become, come, fall, leave, go, buy, borrow, lend, begin, start Join.注：瞬间性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能用表示一段时间的状语来修饰, 要把动词或者时间状语做适当调整，句子才能合理。如：The old man died three years ago. The old man has been dead for three years.3）常见的瞬间性动词后接一段时间时，须进行如下转换L动词变 动词buyhave, borrow一keep, becom

5、e一be,make friends-be friends catch a coldhave a cold I have had this bike for a week, （buy） Mary has kept this book since last Monday, （borrow）2.动词变 为 “be + adj ./adv.”begin一be on, get married-be married, leave一be away, open/close一be open/closed, finish-be over, fall illbe ill die一be dead The film h

6、as been on since ten minutes ago. (begin) They have been married since they came to Handan. (get married)3.动词变 为“be+介 词短语”join一be in(be a member of), put on-be inHe has been in/has been a member of the army for three years, (join)四、 区另U have/has been to, have/has gone to 和 have/has been inhave/has b

7、een （to） 过去曾经去过某地（常跟次数搭配），人现在已回。have/has gone （to） 去了某地，人未回have/has been in已在某地呆了多久，常与时间段的时间状语连用。牛刀小试： The Greens New York for ten years.Mr. Smith loves travelling. He many countries.-I saw Mr. White in his office just now.It cant be him. He Xian and will come back next Friday.五、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：现在完成时

8、强调过去的动作与现在的关系，即对现在造成的结果或影响, 不能和具体的表示过去的时间状语连用；而一般过去时那么只表示过去的事实, 和现在没有关系。例如：I watched a movie last Sunday.上周日我看了一部电影。（仅说明过去某一时间发生的动作）-Would you like to watch the movie Zootopia with me?-Pd like to, but I have seen it.我已经看总 了。（强调“看过电影”对现在产生的影响，不想再去看了）Exercises标黄为标志词，红色为语境提示I.用所给词的适当形式填空。1. I(visit) th

9、e History Museum twice. Ive learned a lot there.2. He(learn) to paint for 5 years and he paints well.3. My mother(be) a good example since I was young.4. Its nice to see you again. We(not see) each other for a long time.5. - Td like to introduce my best friend to you, Peter.-Thank you, Nancy. But we

10、(meet) already.6. Recently I(write) three poems by myself.7. His mother looks so angry. Maybe she(know) the result of this exam.结果或影响May I borrow your dictionary? I left mine at home.结果或影响-Sorry, I(lend) it to Monica.8. -Have you read this book? Yes, I(read) it last week.9. The old man(die) two year

11、s ago.The old man(die) for two years.n .单项选择。()1. He the school basketball team since two years ago.A. joined B. wasC. has joined D. has been in( )2. Miss Zhang, the most beautiful teacher,many flowers and letters these days.A. received B. will receive C. receivesD. has received()3. Just go down thi

12、s road and you the library next to the bank.A. seeB. sawC. have seenD. will see()4. We from our English teacher since he moved to Beijing .A. didnt hearB. havent heard C. hadnt heard D. dont hear()5. Over fifty countries the AIIB (亚投行)so far.A. joined B. was joining C. had joined D. have joined()6.

13、The girl sitting next to me on the plane is very nervous, because shebefore .A. hasnt flownB. hadnt flownC. doesnt flyD. wasnt flying( )7. Someone at the door. Can you open it?A. knocksB. knockedC. is knockingD. was knocking( )8. Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he in China for five years.A. was te

14、aching B. has taught C. will teach D. taught()9. This medicine millions of peoples lives since it was put into use.A. is saving B. will saveC. has saved D. had saved()10. In the past few years, there great changes in my hometown.A. have been)11.1A. go toB. wereC. had beenD. arethe shops. Can I get y

15、ou anything?B went toC. have gone toD. am going to)12. Have you watched the movie Coco?-Yes J A. have watched )13. Monica, youit last night with my sister.B. watched C. will watchD. was watchingthe exam! Congratulations!结果或影响A. passB. have passed C. will passD. are passing()14. - Yunnan is very beau

16、tiful. I there last year.-Yes, I there twice.A. went; have goneB. went; have beenC. have gone; wentD. have been; went( )15. Ken his jacket in the gym. He has to get it back.A. leftB. leavesC. is leavingD. was leaving()16 . Where are the flowers ?-You see, someone them to the window.A. moves B. had m

17、oved C. has moved D. would move()17. Your sweater looks nice. Where you it?A. do; get B. did; get C. will; getD. have; got()18. Donft return the video to Peter. I it.结果或影响A. dont watchB. wont watchC. havent watchedD. wasnt watching( )19. Please dont make so much noise. The baby.A. sleeps B. slept C.

18、 will sleep D. is sleeping( )20. When you here?-Two days ago.A. did; come B. have; come C. will; come D. do; come()21. Miss Brown, we cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now?A. finish B. finishing C. are finished D. have finished()22. - Hi, Jane. Is your mother at home?-Just a minute! She flowers

19、 in the garden.A. plantB. is planting C. planted D. was planting( )23. You a cough for a long time. Youd better go and see a doctor.A. have caught B. caught C. have hadD. catch()24. The water dark and dirty. Its no longer safe to drink,结果或影响A. becameB. has become C. will becomeD. was becoming()25. W

20、e, so we should help parents do some housework.A. grow upB. grew upC. will grow upD. have grown up()26. It will be hard for us to get up in the morning if we to bed too late.主将从现A. goB. wentC. will goD. have gone( )27. We are very proud of Chinese Womens national volleyball team now, because they th

21、e Olympic gold medal with great efforts.结果或影响A. winB. will winC. wonD. have won()28. People too much from the earth , but given too little in return .A. takeB. tookC. will takeD. have taken( )29.1 dont feel very well, Jack . Tm afraid you me your cold.结果或影响A. giveB. had given C. have given D. would

22、give( )30. -How happy the grandparents are!-Yes, they for 50 years.A. have been marriedB. have marriedC. have got marriedD. married()31. It usually at this time of the year, but it is raining heavily.A. is; raining B. wont rain C. has; rained D. doesnt; rain()32.- How long your brother this camera?-

23、For two weeks.A. have; bought B. have; had C. has; had D. has; bought( )33. -The boy misses his parents very much.-So he does. They the hometown for nearly two years.A. left B. have left C. were away from D. have been away from( )34. - Mum, I want to watch Legal Report on Channel 1.-Oh, dear, it for

24、 a few minutes. Come on!A. has begun B. will begin C. has been on D. will be on( )35. -How long have you the motorbike ?-For about two weeks.A. bought B. hadC. borrowed D. lent()36. Where is your father, Bruce ?He Shanghai. Hell be back in 3 days.A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. has been

25、in()37. (2015 年河北中考题)Paula is pleased that she her lost watch.A. finds B. find C. will find D. has found 结果或影响()38. (2016 年河北中考题)Our team another point!I am sure well win the game. 结果或影响A. will get B. has gotC. is gettingD. was getting()39. (2017 年河北中考题)Wow! You dinner! Let,s eat it now.结果或影响A. cook

26、 B. are cooking C. will cook D. have cooked()40. (2018 年河北中考题)I an invitation to the concert. I cantwait to go.结果或影响 A. receive B. will receive C. was receiving D. have receivedni.按要求完成句子。1. I have heard of it before.(改为一般疑问句) heard of it before?2. Danny has lived here for ten years.(划线局部提问)here?3.

27、I have already read the book.(改为否认句) read the book.4. Has Jim written three e-mails today?,.(肯定回答),.(否认回答) IV.短文填空。Tony comes from England. His family(move) to China 5 years ago. So far, he(make) many good friends. One of them is Sam. They study in the same school and they both love painting. Last year, they(join) the art club in the school. They(draw) many pictures since then. Sometimes they take part in the painting competition. Tony(win) two prizes this term. His teachers and classmates are proud of him. He is glad to live in China.