2022年高一英语必修一定语从句汇总 .docx

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1、精品_精品资料_1、功能：相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语一： 先行词： 被定语从句所修饰的词二： 关系代词：用来连接定语从句,并在从句中代表先行词的代词.先行词是物：whichthat先行词是人：whowhomthat在从句中充当的成分：主语、宾语1先找关系词,看先行词指的是什么.2看关系词在从句中所充当的成分.e.g. 把以下每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句1. They had a radio.It could send out messages.They had a radio which/ that could send out message. 主语2. The g

2、irl is my best friend.She spoke just now.3. He always buys some books.He never read them.留意点：1. 定语从句一般直接跟在先行词的后面：e.g. 4. The man who lives next door sells vegetables.The man sells vegetables who lives next door. 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5. The car which my uncle just bought was destroyed in the earth

3、quake. The car was destroyed in the earthquake which my uncle just bought.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略：e.g.6. The young man whom you saw was our manager.7. There is something that we must keep in mind.找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分1. The man who told me the news refused to give me the name.

4、2. The airline has a booklet which will tell you most of the important things about a trip to Europe.3. He found a dollar bill that he had forgotten in a suit .4. He is the man whom we all respect.5. There is somebody who wants to see you.6. The house I would like to buy is not for sale.7. The bicyc

5、le my uncle gave me was very expensive.whose 的用法：关系代词与其后的名词构成全部格, 即“的”时,它既可以修饰指人的先行词, 也可以修饰指物的先行词.e.g. 1. The girl is my daughter.Her work got the first prize.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_The girl whose work got the first prize is my daughter.2. The book is not mine.The cover of it is red.The book whose

6、cover is red is not mine The book the cover of which is red is not mine3. Do you know anyone.His family is in Xi an.4. I live in the room.The windows of it face south.5. The chair has been repaired.The leg of it was broken.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句： 从句与主句关系亲密, 去掉从句, 主句意义不完整, 甚至不合规律.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精

7、品_精品资料_e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.思就不完整去掉定语从句,意可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不亲密,去掉定从句,意思仍旧完整.形式上用逗号隔开, 不能 that 用引导 .e.g. Tom s fathwehr,o is over sixty, still works hard day and night.who 引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译that 与 which 的区分1用 that 而不用 which 的情形先行词为不定代词

8、all, anything, nothing,little,few,much somethingsomeone.先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_先行词有 the only, the very, any,the same , the las等t先行词既有人又有物时.5.防止重复Who is the person that is standing there.词修饰.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻挡他不干

9、那件事.The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.在桂可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_林他们所参观的第一个的方是象鼻山.的最好的一部.识的唯独的外国人.这部电影是我看过史密斯先生是他认可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2用 which 而不用 that 的情形： 引导非限制性定语从句.指代前面整个主句的意思.介词 + 关系代词.e.g.He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. Th

10、is is the room in which my father lived last year.找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分1. What is the address of the factory whose advertisement we noticed the other day.2. I saw some trees whose leaves were black with disease.3. It was a meeting whose importance I didn t realize at the time.4. The Great Wall

11、was the first place that went to visit while they were in China.5. Miss Smith, who you met at our house, is going to marry Mr. Harry.6. He failed in the exam, which made his classmates surprised.关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时,介词常可以提前,但介词提前时,关系代词只能用 which或 whome.g. 1. The man is a famous runner.You talked to him jus

12、t now. The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.2. The chair is made of wood.He is sitting on it now. The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.3. He is a library assistant.I borrowed some books from him.4. It is a famous school.He graduated from it 3 years ago.介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语

13、的习惯性搭配,Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands.shake hands with是习惯性搭配 介词常受先行词的制约即介词和先行词的搭配,He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.through which即 through the telescope有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配,不行以拆开,look aftertake care oflook fore.g.5. He is the student. / The teachers are looking

14、for him. He is the student who the teachers are looking for.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_6. The number of the children is 30. / She takes care of the children. The number of the children who she takes care of is 30.找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分1. This is the house about which we wrote to you.2. Wu Dong, wit

15、h whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.3. He used to live in a big house in front of which grew many banana trees.4. This is Peter in whose house I have lived for five years.关系副词： whenwherewhy当先行词是表示时间的名词,用when,在定语从句中充当时间状语,这时一般可以用介词 which 来代替:e.g.1. I will never forget the day./ I went

16、to university on that day.I will never forget the day when/ on which I went to university.2. He still remember the morning. / The earthquake happened on that morning.当先行词是表示的点的名词,用where,在定语从句中充当的点状语,这时一般可以用介词 which 来代替:e.g.3. This is the house. / He used to live in the house.4. I know of a place in

17、which/where we can swim先行词是表示缘由的名词, 即 reason,用 why ,在定语从句中充当缘由状语, 这时一般可以用 for which 来代替 :e.g.5. I don t know the reason. / He did it for this reason. I don t know the reaswonhy/ for which he did it.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_6. The reason for which/why he was fired was not clear.I willnever forget the

18、day _which/that/ 不填 we spent together in the countryside可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_I willnever forget the daysduring which/when the countrysidewe stayed together in可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_This is the reasonthat/which/ 不填_ they told meThis is the reason _for which/whyhe turned the job f找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系

19、代词在从句中的成分1. I know a forest where you can find wild strawberries.2. Is there any reason why you should have a holiday.3. I willshow you the way to the Friendship Hotel where foreign visitors are staying.4. Be sure to call on us next time when you come to town.5. We shall never forget the days when w

20、e were united as one to fight against the Japanese.第五讲留意点：要留意判定关系词及 关系词在从句中所充当的成分 .e.g.1. This is the houseHe visited it yesterday. This is the house.He once lived in it.This is the house which/that / / he visited yesterday. This is the house where/in which he once lived.2. We will remember the day.

21、We spent the day together.We will remember the day.We worked on this day together.找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分1. I will show you to the factory which produces this kind of TV sets.2. I will show you to the factory where he has worked for five years.3. I will show you to the factory whose workers are a

22、ll disabled people.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_4. I will show you to the factory which your factory once visited five years ago.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_定语从句时特殊留意的几个问题as 引导定语从句时的用法第六讲可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1. as引导限制性定语从句通常用于 the same as, such结构a中s .e.g.Such machines as are used in our workshop are made

23、in China我. 们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的.我要一件跟我伴侣一样的衬衫.2. as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前, 也可放在主句之后, 用来修饰整个句子. 常用以下句型 : as is known to all, as is said, as is reported,as is announced, as we all know, as I expec等t .e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名.关系代词在

24、从句中作主语时, 从句的谓语动词单数仍是用复数应由先行词打算.e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently.The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks.先行词one 为可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He is one of the st

25、udents who have got good marks in the match.students为先行词定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开.e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can t understand.引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用 “介词 + which ”来代替.e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which = when the People of China was founded.几个特殊的定语从句句型：1. Is this place the o

26、ne that we visited yesterday.Is this the placethat / whichwe visited yesterday .2. situation 后常用 where,in which 引导定语从句：Can you imagine a situation where/in which you can use the word.3. way方式, 方法后常用 in which 或 that 或省略来引导定语从句, 也可省略：Doyou knowthe wayinwhich/that/howhe worked out the problem.4. He sto

27、od at the window, from where he could see what was happening.It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分1. He is a teacher, as is clear form his manner.2. As is known to all, water resources are very limited on the earth.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_3. He used such exp

28、ressions as he could find in the texts.4. They stayed for the night in the same room as they had once rented5. I don t like the way he speaks.6. He is one of the students who know the Japanese.7. He is the only one of the students who knows the Japanese.1. I will never forget the day _which/that/不填

29、we spent together in the countrysideI will never forget the daysduring which/whenwe stayed together in the countryside2. This is the reasonthat/which/ 不填_ they told meThis is the reason _for which/whyhe turned down the job非限制定语从句1. 逗号隔开2. 翻译成并列句,去掉之后句子完整3. 不能用 that4. which 可以指代某一个先行词也可以指代一句话He lost

30、his book, which made his mother very angeryas 在非限定性从句中的使用1. 表示正如.一样2. 替代 which 放句首He must be from Africa,which_ can be seen from his skin As can be seen from his skin, he must be from AfricaAs is known to all, he is a hero He is a hero, which is known to all可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_It is known to all

31、 that he is a heroHe has 2 sons , one of whom is a doctor He has 2 sons and one of them is a doctor He has 2 sons, neither of whom is a doctorHe has 2 sons,bothof whom are doctors He has 3 sons, none of whom is a doctorHe has 3 sons, all of whom are doctorsHe is one of the scientists whoareknown by

32、the worldHe is the only one of the scientists whois _known by the worldHe is such a good student that everyone likes him very much如 此以至于 He is such a person as you told meHe invited me to the party, and it is kind of him He inviten me to the party , which is kind of himHe failed in the exam,as_ we h

33、ad expectedCan you see the closet _ on the top of which_ I put the flower vase. Can you see the closet _on whose top_ I put the flower vase.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_All that you need is his help What you need is his helpall that= whatIs this the museumyou visited yesterday.This is the museum that /wh

34、ich/不填 you visited yesterday.Is this museumyou visited yesterday.This museum is the one that/which不/ 填 you visited yesterday.This is the placein which/whereyou have worked for ten years This is the placeto whichyou pay a visit last yearIwillnever forget the day _which/that/ 不填 we spent together inth

35、e countrysideI willnever forget the daysduring which/whenwe stayed together in the countryside2高一英语定语从句可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1、需要留意的问题保持谓语和先行词的一样e.g. He is one of the greatest writers who are living now.e.g. He is the only one of the boys who has joined the army. whose引导定语从句时,人、物皆可.不能只看先行词,仍要留意引导词

36、在句子中充当什么成分.防止关系词的重复,被关系代词说替代的部分不行在从句中重复显现.e.g. This is the book we have read it together. reason, way后关系词的用法e.g. This is the reason for which/ why/ that he was absentyesterday.e.g.I dont likethe way inwhich/thathe does everything.在比较级中, than 充当关系代词,在从句中作主语.e.g. The results of his study have turned o

37、ut to be more satisfactory than was expected.2、使用 that的几种情形先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰先行词前有不定代词修饰,如the same, the only one, all, both, everything, nothing当主句是以 who, which 开头的特殊疑问句时,从句用 that ,防止重复可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_先行词既指人,又指物e.g. We know nothing about the doctors and the hospital that you are talking about

38、.关系代词充当表语e.g. He is not the man that he used to be. = He is not what he used to be.3、where 引导的定语从句和的点状语从句where 引导的定语从句必需有先行词.如： place, school, city, house, room 等where 不是修饰性名词,而是修饰其前整个句子,在句子中作的点状语.e.g. Make a mark where you have any questions.4、when, where, why引导的定语从句和同位语从句的区分相同点：在两种从句中都可以充当状语成分不同点：

39、1 作关系副词引导定语从句时有跟它们含义相应的先行词 2作关系副词引导定语从句时,可以改为“prep. + which”来引导 3作连接副词引导同位语从句时没有与它们含义相应的先行词e.g. Ill never forget the day when = on which we met for the first time.e.g. I have no idea when we met for the first time在复合句中, 修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句. 被定语从句可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_所修饰的词叫先行词. 定语从句必需放在先行词之后. 引导定语从

40、句的词叫关联词.关联词常见的关联词有关系代词 that ,which ,who,whom,whose 和关系副词 where, when,why 等.种类1. 由 that引导的定语从句一般情形下 that可指人或物,可以代替 who,whom和 which ,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能作介词的宾语.如：The comrade that whois speaking at the meeting is an advancedworker 正在会上讲话的那个同志是个先进工人.Is this the doctor thatwhomyou talked about yesterday？这

41、就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗？The letter thatwhich I received yesterday was from my father昨天我收到的信是我父亲寄来的.2. 由 who,whom和 whose引导的定语从句who在从句中作主语, whom在从句中作宾语, whose在从句中作定语.如：This is the thief who stole my bike这就是偷我自行车的那个贼.He is the boy whom you wanted to find他就是你想要找的那个可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_男孩.The girlwhose mother

42、is a doctoris waitingfor you outside 妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你.3. 由 which 引导的定语从句which 指物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语.如：The book which Mumbought melastweek iscalled “Red StarOver Chi na”妈妈上周买给我的那本书名叫西行漫记.The house which Lu Xun once livedin is now the Lu Xun Museum鲁迅曾经住过的那所房子现在是鲁迅博物馆.4. 由 where, when和 why 引导的定语从句where 在从

43、句中作的点状语, when在从句中作时间状语, why 在从句中作缘由状语.如：I will never forget the day when I joined the League我永久忘不了我入团的那一天.He will go back to the school where he studied next week下周他要回到他曾经学习过的学校.I dont know the reason why he quarreled with Zhang Lin我不知道他同张琳吵架的缘由.定语从句 Attributive Clauses在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词 , 词组或代

44、词即先行词.定语从句通常显现在先行词之后,由关系词关系代词或关系副词引出.关系代词有： who, whom, whose, that, which等.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_关系副词有： when, where, why等.18.1关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓 语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一样.1who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词, 在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you.他就是你想见的人吗？ who/that在从句中作主语He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人. whom/that 在从句中作宾语2) Whose 用来指人或物, 只用作定语 ,假设指物,它仍可以同 of which 互换,例如：They rushed overto help the man whose car hadbroken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.Please pass me the book whose of