2022年哈尔滨理工大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年哈尔滨理工大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2010.04 What her grandfather said left a impression on her mind. She stillremembers it.A、finalB、 vagueC、 deepD、main【正确答案】C【答案解析】译文：她爷爷说的事情给她留下深刻的印象，她仍然还记得。此题 考查词汇。形容词意义区分题。final最终的，vague模糊的，deep深的，main 主要的。第2题【单项选择题】【填句补文“Geochemists just want an intuitive se

2、nse of whats going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergrad

3、uates/D But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】C【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 【阅读选择】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by man/s technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations ha

4、ve existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.According to the author, technology is important because.A、resources on land are running short in ten yearsB、man can use it to explore the deeper seaC、it is a lot of fun diving in

5、to the seaD、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea yet to be developed by manzs technology are impressive,人类利用技术可以开发的海洋资源是惊人的。 段末说至lj： Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.然而，大量有价值的矿物均还埋藏于海底。如铁，铜等等。其他三 项都没有

6、提到。第21题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第22题【单项选择题】2009.01 I was writing

7、a report last night;I would not have stayed up late.A、however10B、otherwiseC、thereforeD、furthermore【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词词义辨析。句意：我昨天晚上写一个报告，否那么我就 不会熬夜了。A然而，不过；B否那么，要不然；C因此，所以；D再者，而且。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations hav

8、e existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.According to the author, technology is important because.A、resources on land are running short in ten yearsB、man can use it to explore the deeper seaC、it is a lot of fun diving int

9、o the seaD、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive,人类利用技术可以开发的海洋资源是惊人的。 段末说到：Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.然而，大量有价值的矿物均还埋藏于海底。如铁，铜等等。其他三 项都没有提到。第2

10、4题【单项选择题】【2007.04 The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.A、aliveB、lifeC、liveD lively11【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播 地。符合句意。第25题【单项选择题】【填句未卜文】The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these ch

11、emicals could harm a nonsmokers health. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies.A、The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.C、We cann

12、ot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants.D、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前一句讲的是科学家们过去对二手烟的看法，接下来应选表示他们 改变观点的句子，因为下一句说明他们所持的观点已与过去截然不同。第26题【单项选择题】2007.04 It is difficult to the implication between the lines.A、get

13、 toB、get withC、get atD、get down【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。A.开始，接触；C.找出，发现；D.下来, 写下来。12第27题【单项选择题】2008.04 The farming methods have been improved with the invention ofthe new machine.A、efficientlyB、proficientlyC、professionallyD、intentionally【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词词义辨析。句子翻译为：由于新机器的创造，人们已 经高效率地改进了农业耕种方法。A高效率地 B熟

14、练地 C职业地、专职 地 D故意地、有意地。第28题【单项选择题】【阅读选择The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earth/s surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%the fre

15、sh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs （冰ill） and glaciers （冰I） . Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present?A、Nearly 7

16、5 per cent.B、About 97 per cent.C、Exactly 3 per cent.D、Less than 3 percent.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3%的水适于人类饮用，然而局部以冰 山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污染，因而实际上人类能用的水要低于3%。第29题【单项选择题】13【I阅读选择】I recognized that the sites such as Associated Content can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer. I

17、 could see that this was an open door for systematically learning some basic writing skills without paying college tuition for classes and leaving the comfort of my own home. In the eyes of the author, the site Associated Content.A、offers you a lot of novels to readB、is good for your becoming a writ

18、erC、asks you to study writing regularlyD、is rather expensive but convenient【正确答案】B答案解析答案选 B。根据本段的.can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer确定B答案。其余选项与原文意思不符。A与D选项所表 达内容在文中并未提及，可以被排除。C选项中regularly 一词并未在文中得到体 现。第30题【单项选择题】概括大意They always complained （抱怨）more or less justly

19、, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack

20、 of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in following ways.B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and t

21、o blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them.C、There are so many criticism to their parents among the young people.D、Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.【正确答案】C14【答案解析】此题段落中的各句列举了年轻人都抱怨其父母些什么，谈的是what are the criticisms?的问题因此选择C。第31题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】In a spec

22、ial report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A、Unequal access to medical care.B、Greater probability of having o

23、ther diseases.C、Differences in the biology of the cancer.D、Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段指出 blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, 与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第32题【单项选择题】【2008.04 That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、withB、fromC、inD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻译：那个提案

24、与手头上的问题根 本无关。irrelevant to表示：与无关。第33题【单项选择题】阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased 15thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and

25、health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.0: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度J 而本段只是说“女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第34题【

26、单项选择题】2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、as forsuch asC instead ofD、except for【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房子在夜晚非常安静。【试 题分析】短语意义区分题。【详细解答】A至于，关于；B例如；C代替，而 不是；D除了以外第35题【单项选择题】【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been decl

27、ining ever since. This is partly because, British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them16 effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly be

28、cause.A、too much energyB、based on American designsC、they are too costlyD、they are not reliable【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段第二句就是讲的两个原因，即人们的工资水平太低，也就是没 有能力使机器人发挥出创造财富的作用，言下之意就是本钱高。第二个原因就是 人们逐渐意识到了操纵机器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以应 该选C。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读选择）I dont claim there isnt a force which guides us, which takes care of u

29、s, but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving （感矢口）reality and everything that surrounds us are the elements which may bring us to the top, or on the contrary, make us miserable. The author thinks that our future

30、is decided mainly by.A、a superior force like GodB、our way of being, such as our characterC、things and persons that surround usD、others* choice and responsibility【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。虽然作者也声明自己并不否认世界上存在任何一种具有 超自然力量的东西，但是根据文章本段的but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being可知,作

31、者认为影响我们未来的最主要的因 素还是我们自己的所作所为，答案为B项。第37题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been17 realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example,

32、 soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、the element of iodineC、rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of he

33、avy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话:A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases, deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第38题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant where they were going to hav

34、e lunch after her appointment. She called to see if he was there. She said, “My husband has Alzheimers （老年痴呆）and he shouldnt be driving without me. Numerous thoughts ran through my head. Call the police, call her family, and notify （通知）the doctors office she had just come from! But at first, I offer

35、ed to drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.The elderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to.A、her husband with AlzheimersB the nurse in the doctors officeC、a local restaurantD、one of her family members【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。根据文章本段中She told me her name was Helen

36、 and she was talking to a local restaurant.可知答案为C项。Helen由于担忧自己丈夫安危，18但又找不到人，情急之下先打 到俩人约好即将要去的餐厅询问情况。第39题【单项选择题】【I闻读选择】One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of th

37、e parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the ear

38、ly part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War0, Italys economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman, the worlds lowest.ln a traditional agr

39、icultural economy, a large family.A、can be an advantageB、may limit incomeC、isn/t necessaryD、is expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选 A。对照本段 In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A,成为一个优势，答 案是Ao第40题【单项选择题】2010.04 The student described the beautiful mountains and ri

40、vers in hishome town.A、artificiallyB、vividlyC、critically19学生们有好处。第3题【单项选择题】【概才舌大意】If you are tired of making vague excuses for another dull summer at home, here is a thought to lift your spirits. You do not need anything so radical as winning a lottery （彩票）to finance a trip to Europe. A student iden

41、tity card that can be obtained for a few dollars from the Council on International Educational Exchange entitles （给予、授权）you to discount tickets （打折机票）on certain charter flights to London and Paris, as well as reduced admission to many museums, cinemas, and musical events. Once in Europe, you can sta

42、y at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. So dont give up your hopes of becoming an international traveler.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、It is easy for a student to travel in Europe during the summer.B、The student needs to obtain an identity card to travel at a cheap rate.C、T

43、he student could stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. D The students will become international travelers in summer.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这段话主要讲学生暑假去欧洲的一些优惠来论证学生去欧洲旅行是 很容易的。因此选择A。第4题【单项选择题】2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、as forB such as

44、C、instead ofD、except for【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房D、viciously【正确答案】B 【答案解析】此题考查副词的词义辨析。这个学生生动地描述了他的家乡美丽的 山河。第41题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. H

45、e found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic EruptionsB Accounting for the Killing Power of Older EruptionsC、Calculation of the Killing Power of Ol

46、der EruptionsD、A Mass Extinction【正确答案】C（答案解析本段第一句话是说:Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes.； Wignall 计算了这些火山的灭绝效率”.；其中 killing efficiency 与 killing Power意思差不多，属于同义词转换，因此选择B或C,但是account for意 思是：（在数量方面）占；说明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不选择B。第42题【单项选择题】2009.10 he has many friends, he is often fe

47、eling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋20友，但他常常感到孤独。第43题【单项选择题】2007.04 The book fair has received a positive from readers.A、resultB、responseC、settlementD、solution【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。 settlement：殖民，移民,定居。solution：解决;解答。根据句意，应该选resp

48、onseo a positive response：良好的反映。第44题【单项选择题】【填句补文The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some