2023年高考复习阅读理解满分考点11--推理判断之引申推断--练模拟--熟能生巧（教师版）.docx

《2023年高考复习阅读理解满分考点11--推理判断之引申推断--练模拟--熟能生巧（教师版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年高考复习阅读理解满分考点11--推理判断之引申推断--练模拟--熟能生巧（教师版）.docx（33页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2023年高考复习阅读理解总分值考点考点U一推理判断之引申推断练模拟熟能生W1.【2022届青海省西宁市高考二模】A series of massive thunder storms hit our area recently, causing flash flooding and knocking down tree branches and even trees. I had spent the afternoon picking up branches out of my yard and throwing them away. Then just before I was gettin

2、g ready to take my dogs for their last walk of the day, the warnings came on my television and over my phone that another of these storms was heading our way.I quickly took my dogs outside. Huge clouds were rolling in while thunder boomed over the hills. I knew that the stars were shining but I cert

3、ainly couldnt see them. The darkness seemed darker and scarier than usual because I knew what was on the way. That was when I saw it. The tiniest blink of light, up high, at the far end of the grassland behind my house. I smiled. The first of the fireflies had appeared for the summer at just the tim

4、e I needed to see his light. Soon a few others were blinking their lights as well. It amazed me how far their light traveled in the darkness of the night and how they didnt seem bothered at all by the approaching storm. I spent an extra few minutes watching my lightening bug friends and taking in th

5、eir message of light before heading in to get ready for the storm. As I did, though, I noticed that the darkness no longer seemed so scary and that my fear had been replaced with joy.Life does have its share of storms, some caused by nature and some caused by us. We cant go through life being scared

6、 of them, however. Take a lesson from the fireflies then. Let your light shine. It may seem tiny but you will be amazed at how far it can be seen and how easily it can drive the dark away.12. What happened when the author was about to walk the dog?A. His house was heavily damaged.B. He was encourage

7、d to pick up the branches.C. He was broadcasting a bad weather warning. D. Another big storm was broadcasted to be on its way.13. Which of the following can best describe the huge clouds?A. Normal.B. Frightening. C. Pale.D. High.14. Why did the author smile when he saw the tiniest blink of light?A.

8、There would be no storm at all.B. He could then walk his dog easier.C. He found great hope from the dark.D. He wasnt afraid of being lost then.15. . What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. We should always give off light when in trouble. B. Small light in life wont help much in our life.C. S

9、ome great troubles wont be easily dealt with. D. We should avoid being disturbed by trouble. 【答案】12. D13. B14. C15. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在暴风雨来临前看到了萤火虫微弱的光芒也能传到很远，于是发现 黑暗似乎不再那么可怕，自己的恐惧被快乐所取代，领悟到生活就应当如此，虽然有风雨，但仍然能闪耀自 己的光芒,来驱散黑暗。12.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Then just before I was getting ready to take my dogs for thei

10、r last walk of the day, the warnings came on my television and over my phone that another of these storms was heading our way.（然C. Year-long Passes to National ParksD. A New Study on Benefits of Walk【答案】8. B9. DIO. Cll. A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了 PaRx,这一健康方案的目的及实施中遇到的问题。8 .细节理解题。根据第一段第二句A new program lau

11、nched last month in Canada gives some doctors the option of providing patients with a free annual pass to the countrys national parks as part of an effort to increase access to nature and the health benefits.（上个月,加拿大启动了一项新计划，让一些医生可以选择向患者提供 免费的国家公园年票，作为增加接触大自然和提高健康福利而做出努力的一局部厂及第二段第一句“PaRx, a health i

12、nitiative launched by the BC Parks Foundation in 2019, partnered with Parks Canada to provide doctors across four provinces with an initial run of 100 passes that can be prescribed.（PaRx, 是由 BC 公园基金会 2019 发起的一项健康方案，该方案与加拿大公园合作，初期为四个省份的医生提供了 100个可以用于处方的通 行证户可知，PaRx这个方案是用来给患者发放免费公园通行证的。应选B。9 .词句猜想题。根据

13、划线词所在句Doctors utilizing the new national parks pass program are urged to prioritize patients who might not otherwise be able to afford these passes.（使用新的国家公园通行证计划的医生被敦促要 优先考虑那些可能负担不起这些通行证的患者）”中的后半局部可知，医生被要求给收入不高的患者优先发 放免费通行证，由此可推知，医生首先得有这一工程的使用权才能给患者发放，因而划线词“utilizing”表示 “使用”与“Carrying out执行”意思相近。应选

14、D。10 .推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“While only 100 adult passes, which give holders access to more than 80 national parks, historic sites and nature reserves, have initially been made available, organizers plan to routinely reassess this number as the program grows, the BC Parks Foundation told NPR（BC 公园基金会告诉 NPR,

15、虽然 只有100个成人通行证，让持有者可以进入超过80个国家公园、历史遗迹和自然保护区，但随着工程的 开展组织者计划定期重新评估这一数字广可知，目前的通行证数量不多，但组织者会定期评估数据做出调 整，由此推知，这样就会有越来越多的人因此受益。应选C。1L主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了 PaRx,这一健康方案的目的及实施中遇到的问题，结合第二段第一句“PaRx, a health initiative launched by the BC Parks Foundation in 2019, partnered with Parks Canada to provide doctors across f

16、our provinces with an initial run of 100 passes that can be prescribed.（开处方）（PaRx,是由 BC 公园基金 会2019发起的一项健康方案，该方案与加拿大公园合作，初期为四个省份的医生提供了 100个可以用于 处方的通行证）可知PaRx, a Nature Prescription Program.（PaRx, 一个自然处方方案）”可以概括文章内容， 适合作为本文标题。应选A。7.【2022届湖南省岳阳市高三下学期二模】In February of 1942, Mexican farmer Dionisio Pulid

17、o thought he heard thunder coming from his cornfield. However, the sound wasnt coming from the sky. The source was a large smoking break sending out gas and pushing out rocks. This opening would come to be known as the volcano Paricutin, and over the next 9 years, its lava and ash would cover over 2

18、00 square km. But where did this new volcano come from, and what caused its unpredictable eruption?One of the most common causes of an eruption is an increase in magmastatic （静磁）pressure. Magma （岩浆） contains various elements and compounds. At high enough concentrations,compounds like water or sulfur

19、 （硫） form high-pressure gas bubbles. When these balls of gas reach the surface, they can burst with the force of a gunshot. And when millions of bubbles explode, the energy can send ash into the air. But before they pop or burst, they act like bubbles of CO2 in a shaken soda.Not all eruptions are du

20、e to rising magmastatic pressure- sometimes the weight of the rock above can become dangerously low. Landslides can remove massive quantities of rock from atop a magma chamber or room, dropping the pressure and instantly touching off an eruption. This process is known as “unloading and its been resp

21、onsible for numerous eruptions, including the sudden explosion of Mount St. Helens in 1980. But unloading can also happen over longer periods of time due heating ice or melting glaciers. In fact, many geologists are worried that glacial melt caused by climate change could increase volcanic activity.

22、Unfortunately, knowing what causes eruptions doesnt make them easy to predict. While scientists can roughly detennine the strength and weight of the Earths crust （地壳），the depth and heat of magma chambers makes measuring changes in magmastatic pressure very difficult. But volcanologists are constantl

23、y exploring new technology to overcome this rocky field. Advances in thermal imaging （热成像）have allowed scientists to detect underground hotspots. Spectrometers can analyze gases escaping mag ma. Hopefully, these tools will help us better understand these gas breaks and their explosive eruptions.32.

24、Why does the author mention the story of a farmer in the first paragraph?A. To show the power of volcano eruption.B. To introduce the topic.C. To introduce the volcano Paricutin.D. To explain the reason.33. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The bubbles of CO2.B. The ash

25、 of the volcano.C , Gas bubbles of compounds.D. The elements of a soda.34. Which of the following is true about the eruption of Mount St. Helens?A. Landslides should be responsible for its eruption.B. It began to explode over a long period of time.C. The process of unloading“ occurred after its expl

26、osion.D. The weight of the rock above it increased as to cause its eruption.35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Scientists can determine the eruption of volcano in advance.B. It is quite difficult to measure the weight of the Earths crust.C. Spectrometers can help scientists to detect u

27、nderground hotspots.D. Scientists are positive about further study of volcano eruption.【答案】32. B33. C34. A35. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是火山爆发的原因。32.推理判断题。根据第段的“In February of 1942, Mexican farmer Dionisio Pulido thought he heard thunder coming from his cornfield. However, the sound wasnt coming from the sky

28、. The source was a large smoking break sending out gas and pushing out rocks. This opening would come to be known as the volcanoParicutin（1942年2月，墨西哥农民Dionisio Pulido以为他听到了从他的玉米地传来的雷声。然而，这个声 音并不是来自天空。它的来源是一个大的冒烟的间歇释放气体和岩石。这个开口后来被称为帕里库廷火山广 和“But where did this new volcano come from, and what caused i

29、ts unpredictable eruption?（但是这个新火山从 何而来，又是什么导致了它不可预测的喷发呢？户可知，第一段提到一个农民的故事是为了引出火山喷发 的原因这个主题，应选B。33 .词句猜想题。根据第二段的没At high enough concentrations,compounds like water or sulfur （硫）form high-pressure gas bubbles. When these balls of gas reach the surface（当浓度足够高时，像水或硫这样的化合物 会形成高压气泡。当这些气体球到达外表时）”及they后的“ca

30、n burst with the force of a gunshot（能用枪弹的 力量炸开）”可知，是气泡会爆炸，they指的是水或硫这样的化合物形成的高压气泡，即Gas bubbles of compounds, 应选 C。34 .细节理解题。根据第三段的Landslides can remove massive quantities of rock from atop a magma chamber or room, dropping the pressure and instantly touching off an eruption. This process is known as

31、 unloading” and ifs been responsible for numerous eruptions, including the sudden explosion of Mount St. Helens in 1980.（ ill 体 滑坡可以从岩浆库或岩浆室顶部移走大量岩石，降低压力，立即引发火山爆发。这个过程被称为“卸载”， 它导致了屡次喷发，包括1980年圣海伦斯火山的突然爆发。厂可知，山体滑坡应该对圣海伦斯火山的爆发 负责。应选A。35 .推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Spectrometers can analyze gases escaping mag ma. H

32、opefully, these tools will help us better understand these gas breaks and their explosive eruptions.（光谱仪可以分析岩浆逸出的气体。希望 这些工具能帮助我们更好地理解这些气体破裂和爆炸爆发。户可推断出，科学家们对火山爆发的进一步研 究持积极态度。应选D。8.【2022届福建省高三下学期4月诊断性测试】Scientists in Australia have discovered that they can use the worlds smelliest fruits to make devic

33、es that could power electric cars. A durian is a fruit that looks like a pineapple. It is a delicacy in some Asian countries, but its smell is so unpleasant that some of those countries have banned it from public places. Its smell has been compared to rotting eggs and even smelly old gym socks.Vince

34、nt Gomes and his colleagues at the University of Sydney, in Australia, used a durian and a jackfruitanother fruit known for its terrible smellto make energy storing devices called supercapacitors.Supercapacitors are an alternative to batteries. They cant store as much energy as a normal battery does

35、, but they are much quicker to recharge. Durians and jackfruits contain some of the chemicals used in supercapacitors, which gave Gomes the idea. To make the fruit-based devices, the team heated and then freeze-dried the uneatable cores of the durian and jackfruit to make a special kind of material

36、called an aerogel.Aerogels are one of the worlds lightest solid materials. Often called frozen smoke，they are made by removing the liquid from a gel and replacing it with air. They have many scientific uses, but one of their special properties is the ability to conduct electric currents, which makes

37、 them an important part of supercapacitors. The aerogels made from durian and jackfruit both worked well when placed inside a supereapacitor, although the durian aerogel was found to be the better of the two.The discovery is important because the materials currently used to make supercapacitors are

38、expensive. Using natural foods like durians and jackfruits, Gomes says, could reduce environmental pollution, as well ascosts.8. What makes some countries have different attitudes toward the durian?A. Its smell.B. Its appearance.C. Its value.D. Its popularity.9. Which paragraph mentions Gomess inspi

39、ration of innovation?A.Paragraph 1.B.Paragraph 2.C.Paragraph 3.D.Paragraph 4.10. What does the underlined word them in Paragraph 4 refer to?A.Aerogels.B.Scientific uses.C.Properties.D.Electric currents.11. What can we learn about fruit-based supercapacitors?A. They are devices for producing electric

40、ity.B. They are chemicals from durians.C. They are green and economical.D. They are light and liquid.【答案】8. A9. CIO. All. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，可以使用榴莲和菠萝蜜等天然食品制造超 级电容器，这样可以减少环境污染和制作本钱。8 .细节理解题。根据第一段关键句A durian is a fruit that looks like a pineapple. It is a delicacy in some Asian countries, b

41、ut is smell is so unpleasant that some of those countries have banned it from public places.”（榴莲是一 种看起来像菠萝的水果。在一些亚洲国家，它是一种美味，但它的气味非常难闻，以至于其中一些国家禁 止在公共场所食用它）可知，有些亚洲国家认为榴莲是一种美味，但因为它的气味非常难闻，所以其中一 些国家禁止在公共场所食用它，由此可知，一些国家对榴莲有不同的态度是因为它的气味。应选A项。9 .推理判断题。根据第三段关键句Supercapacitors are an alternative to batteri

42、es. They cant store as much energy as a normal battery does, but they are much quicker to recharge. Durians and jackfruits contain some of the chemicals used in supercapacitors, which gave Gomes the idea.”（超级电容器是电池的替代品。它们不能像普 通电池那样储存能量，但充电速度要快得多。榴莲和菠萝蜜含有超级电容器中使用的一些化学物质，这让 Gomes产生了这个想法）可知，文章第三段中介绍了因为

43、榴莲和菠萝蜜含有超级电容器中使用的一些化学 物质，这让Gomes获得了创新的灵感，由此可知，文章第三段提到了 Gomes创新的灵感。应选C项。10 .词义猜想题。根据画线单词上文“Aerogels are one of the worlds lightest solid materials, Often called frozen smoke”, they are made by removing the liquid from a gel and replacing it with air. They have many scientific uses, but one of their s

44、pecial properties is the ability to conduct electric currents.（气凝胶是世界上最 轻的固体材料之一，通常被称为“冷冻烟雾。它们是通过从凝胶中去除液体并用空气代替而制成的。它们 有许多科学用途，但它们的一个特殊特性是传导电流的能力）可知，上文主要介绍的是气凝胶，句中 指气凝胶有许多科学用途，气凝胶的一个特殊特性是传导电流的能力，由此可知，画线单词所在句指的是 这使得气凝成为超级电容器的重要组成局部，由此可知，句中“them”代指的是上文提到的“Aerogels”（气凝 胶）。应选A项。11 .细节理解题。根据最后一段内容“The di

45、scovery is important because the materials currently used to make supercapacitors are expensive. Using natural foods like durians and jackfruits, Gomes says, could reduce environmental pollution, as well as costs.（这一发现很重要，因为目前用于制造超级电容器的材料很昂贵。 Gomes说，使用榴莲和菠萝蜜等天然食品可以减少环境污染和本钱）可知，使用榴莲和菠萝蜜等天然食品 制造超级电容器可

46、以减少环境污染和本钱，由此可知，关于水果超级电容器，我们能知道它们既环保又经 济。应选C项。9.【2022届安徽省马鞍山市高三下学期第二次教学质量监测（二模）】Thousands of years of domestication have left dogs with a remarkable capacity to comprehend human speech, and new research reveals that the brains of our four-legged friends are even able to differentiate between languag

47、es. Appearing in the journal Neuroimage, the new study is the first to detect such an ability in any non-human animal.To conduct their research, the study authors trained 18 pet dogs to lie motionless inside a functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） scanner so that their brain activity could be

48、 recorded while they listened to audio recordings of human speech. Two of the dogs involved in the study came from homes that spoke Spanish, while the remaining 16 belonged to Hungarian-speaking families.While in the scanner, each dog listened to an excerpt （节选）from Antoine de Saint-Exupery The Litt

49、le Prince in both Spanish and Hungarian. They also heard scrambled （杂乱的）versions of these recordings that made no sense and sounded completely unnatural.When examining the responses of the dogs brains to these recordings, the researchers noted that activity patterns within the animals primary auditory cortex （听觉皮层）differed depending on whether they heard actual speech or sc