（新教材）2021-2022学年下学期高二暑假巩固练习4 选择性必修四unit 1--2.docx

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1、、单词拼写Students are asked to prepare materials in advance of each（每周的）seminar.1. Simon denied the（传言）that he was planning to visit Bulgaria later thismonth.2. The man wanted to go home, but he could barely afford the railway（费用）.3. Its difficult to（计算）what effect all these changes will have on thecomp

2、any.4. The government has decided to increase（薪水）for all civil servants.5. A bomb（爆炸）at one of Londons busiest railway stations thismorning.6. The wind was so strong that it pushed me a few steps（向后）.7. The little boy reached for the（灯）,which stood in the middle of thetable.9.1 had a dream that I wa

3、s in an old study,surrounded by（皮革）books.1（）. Could you（去拿来）me my glasses from the other room, please?11. The newsman jazzed up the story to sell himself to the editor of the（周刊）.12. He received a box of cookies as a（意夕卜收获）when he bought coffeeat the shop.13. As the workers went on strike, the compa

4、ny was obliged to（暂停）itsoperations.14. He may be capable of jealousy when you have made（更好的）progress in your work.15. Scientists have（预圳U） that the worlds population will double by theend of the century.【答案】1. was given 2. is being repaired 3. is regarded 4. will be built 5. was being followed 6. ha

5、d been carried 7. were invited 8. been installed 9. saleswomen10. was suspended 11.guilty 12. with 13. appointment14.calculation15. divisions 16. where 17.violence18. phase 19. of20.temporary 21. are distributed【解析】1.考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：Amy和她的兄弟们上周回到村子 时受到了热烈的欢迎。根据时间状语last week可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过 去时，因为是被别人欢迎，

6、所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态： was/were done, as well as连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于第一个 主语，此处第一主语是Amy,属于第三人称单数，所以be动词需用was。故填 was given o考查动词时态及语态。句意：本周我的洗衣机正在维修中，因此我不得不用 手洗我的衣服。根据后文I have to wash my clothes by hand可知，这里表示“洗 衣机正在维修中”，故用现在进行时，且主语My washing machine与repair为被 动关系，需用现在进行时的被动语态。主语为单数名词，故谓语动词用单数。故 填 is be

7、ing repaired o2. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，骑自行车，以及慢跑和游泳，被认为是 最好的全面锻炼形式之一。根据Nowadays可知，句子应使用一般现在时，主语 cycling, along with jogging and swimming 和动词 regard 之间是被动关系，应使用 被动语态，本句主语是由along with连接的，其谓语动词要与along with之前的 主语cycling在数上保持一致，故填is regardedo考查被动语态。句意：据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建 成。谓语动词build与主语a space station之间是被动关

8、系，因此要用被动语态； 根据时间状语“in years to come可知，用一般将来时的被动语态（w川be done）。 故填 will be builto3. 考查动词时态及语态。句意：他匆匆回家，一次也没有回头看看是否正被跟 踪。此处主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且表示过去某个时刻动作正在进行，应 使用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为he,谓语动词用单数。故填was being followed 0考查时态和语态。句意：上个月我被派到这个村子来检查那个发展计划在过 去的两年中的实施情况。主句UI was sent to . ”使用的是一般过去时，carry表 示的动作应该发生在主句谓语动词wa

9、s sent之前，属于“过去的过去”，且表示 被动，所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been carriedo4. 考查动词的时态语态。句意：在我们为期一周的逗留的最后一天，我们被邀 请去听在北岸一个美丽的农场举行的星空下的私人音乐会。由上文on the last day of our week-long stay可知，应用一般过去时。且主语we与谓语动词invite构成 被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为we,谓语动词用复数。故填were invited o考查被动语态。句意：他们正在努力确保将在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装好 5G终端。根据句意可知。will have d

10、one为将来完成时，表示将来完成某事。动 词install要用过去分词形式，而5G terminals与install为被动关系。故填been installed o5. 考查名词。句意：超级市场的女售货员们正在努力满足顾客的需求。定冠词 the修饰名词，空处需填名词作主语，结合谓语动词“were trying”可知，应填名 词复数形式 saleswomen。故填 saleswomen。6. 考查时态和语态。句意：这件事发生后不久，我姐姐被停职了。陈述过去事 情，用一般过去时。主语My sister与suspend之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。 根据句意，故填was suspendedo考查

11、名词。句意：他毫无羞耻之心，而且从不觉得内疚。系动词felt后跟形 容词作表语，guilty意为“愧疚的”，符合句意。故填guilty。7. 考查介词和固定搭配。句意：人们在日常生活中与他人发生冲突是很常见的。conflict with意为“和发生冲突，为固定搭配。故填with。8. 考查名词。句意：他想把他的约会从星期一改到星期三。空处应填名词作宾 语，appointment u约会”是可数名词，结合句意可知，此处用单数形式，故填 appointment o考查名词。句意：由于还没有实际的数字，我是根据估计的数字计算的。空 处作主语，表示“计算”应用名词calculation,为不可数名词。

12、故填calculationo9. 考查名词。句意：现在社会各阶级的划分不象过去那样明显了。分析句子成分可知，“The(divide) between the various classes of society n 作主语， 所以所设空处应用名词，根据其后谓语形式“are”，并结合语境，应用名词复数 形式，根据所给提示词，故填divisionso10. 考查状语从句。句意：在你有疑问或者问题的地方做上标记。分析句子可知， 空处引导一个地点状语从句，应用where引导。故填where0考查名词。句意：暴力行为使人们怒不可遏。在介词of后应用名词violence 作宾语。故填violence o1

13、1. 考查名词。句意：该项目将于2020年初进入第二阶段。根据空前a second 可知，空处缺可数名词单数，作宾语，表示“阶段”为phase,符合句意。故填 phaseo考查介词。句意：他抓起一把沙砾，缩回胳膊准备扔出去。表示“一把”， 应用 a handful ofo 故填 of。12. 考查形容词。句意：对于建筑工程造成的暂时不便，我们深表歉意。修饰名 词inconvenience要用形容词，temporarily的形容词形式为temporary,意为“暂 时的”，符合句意。故填temporary。13. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：中国广阔的平原主要分布在东部沿海地 区。distr

14、ibute是及物动词，意为“使分布，使分散，主语vast plains和distribute 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。该句叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时态。 且主语是复数名词，根据主谓一致原则，故填aredistribtedo三、题型组合练阅读理解【答案】1-4 CAAD【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Joanne 6:30要去网球俱乐部主持一场会，堵车浪费掉 了很多时间，所以她急急忙忙回家换衣服。一进门差点被她的狗Sheba绊倒，狗 看起来被什么东西卡住了要窒息的样子，她就急忙先把狗送去兽医那里治疗。她 本想抽十分钟回去换衣服再来接上狗去参加会议，还没到家，医生打电话让她先 不要进屋。不一会

15、，警车到了她家抓到了一个浑身是血的贼，医生也到了告诉她 狗嘴里卡住的是三根手指。1. 细节理解题。由文章第一段中的 uand at 6:30 she was expected to be chairing a meeting of the tennis club.（在6:30,她被期望主持一场网球俱乐部的会议。）”可 知，6:30的时候，Joanne应该是在参加网球会议。故选C。2. 细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“rm really in a rush to get to a meeting-can I leave her with you, and go and get changed?（我

16、很着急去参加会议，我可以先把她 放在这里回去换一下衣服吗？）”可知，Joanne想再次回家去换衣服。故选A。3. 推理判断题。由文章内容：警察从Joanne家抓到满身是血的小偷，医生从狗 嘴里掏出三根手指头可推知，狗和小偷搏斗过。故选A。4. 推理判断题。从狗与小偷搏斗，被手指卡住喉咙快要窒息了，还趴在门口等 待主人回来，可以看出狗是很忠诚的。A. clever聪明的；B. friendly有好的；C. frightening害怕的；D. devoted忠诚的。故选D。完形填空【答案】1-5 CDBBB 6-10AABCD 11-15 ABBCD【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者是一位机器人制造方

17、面的专家，他每周都会收 到很多人的来信询问如何制造机器人，本文就如何制造机器人提出了一些建议。1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个有30年机器人制造经验的人，以下是我 对这个问题的建议。A. explanation解释；B. instruction指示；C. advice建议；D. question 问题。根据上文As a builder of robots for 30 years ”及下文可知，作者 很有经验，所以给出了一些建议。故选C。2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个机器人，它应该有思考和做决定的能力。A. power 能；B. strength 力气，力量；C. force 武

18、力；D. ability 能力。根据空后 “to think and make decisions可知，此处指有思考和做决定的能力，have the ability to do “有做的能力”。故选D。3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来可能很难，但实际上任何小型计算机 都可以编程来做决定。A, interesting有趣的；B. hard努力的，困难的；C. easy 容易的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据转折词but和any（任何一个）可知，上文应 为“听起来难”。故选B。4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想鼓励你，但说实话，建造一个机器人并不容 易。A. immediately

19、 al刻;B. honestly 诚实地；C. especially 尤其是；D. eventually 最后。根据“我想鼓励你”和“但是不容易”可知，此处应为“说实话”。 故选B。5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，作为达拉斯个人机器人集团的前任总裁， 我认识一些专业工程师，他们花了好几年的时间才让移动基地运转起来。A. general 一般；B. fact事实；C. common普通；D. need需要。此处与介词in搭配： in general 一般说来；in fact事实上；in common共有；in need需要。根据下文的“作为”可知，此处指“事实上”。故选B。6. 考查动词词

20、义辨析。句意：事实上，作为达拉斯个人机器人集团的前任总裁，我认识一些专业工程师，他们花了好几年的时间才让移动基地运转起来。A. get 得到；B. enable 使能够；C. cause 引起；D. make 制造。get sth. working 让运转起来。enable和cause后要用to work； make后要用worko故选A。7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不是想打击你，但我只是想让你知道这个项目 的规模。A. discourage 使气馁;B. encourage 鼓励；C. convince 使确信；D. satisfy 使满意。上文谈到的是制作机器人的困难，所以此处作者说“

21、我不想让你泄气”。 故选Ao考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不是想打击你，但我只是想让你知道这个项目 的规模。A. colour颜色；B. size大小；C. date日期；D. range范围。根据后面的 project看，应该是“让你知道这个项目的大小”。故选B。8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你愿意花几个月的时间，花很多钱，并且可 能会感到失望和沮丧，那么你可以从零开始设计和建造你自己的机器人。A. excitement 兴奋；B. enjoyment 享受；C. disappointment 失望；D. pleasure 快乐。 根据后面的discouragement可知，此处指“感到失望

22、和沮丧”。故选C。9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数人认为他们可以用房子周围的零件制造一 个机器人，这是部分正确的。A. recognise认出；B. suggest建议；C. permit许可； D. believe相信。根据语境及常识可知，此处指“大部分的人都这样认为”。故选 Do考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为电动螺丝刀是一个很好的驱动马达。A. electric 电动的；B. electrical 有关电的;C. electronic 电子的;D. electricity 电。根 据screwdrivers可知，此处应为“电动的。故选A。10. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有很多东

23、西你将不得不购买，特别是当涉 及到电子产品，传感器和微控制器部分。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；Otherwise否则；D. Besides另外。上下文为转折关系，所以用however然而。 故选B。11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，有很多东西你将不得不购买，特别是当涉 及到电子产品，传感器和微控制器部分。A. borrow借入；B. buy买；C. lend借 出；D. build建立。上文提到制作机器人的许多部件可以在家里找到，然后通过 转折词，我们就可看出这些东西需要“购买”。故选B。12. 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：虽然几乎所有人一开始都认为成本会低得多，

24、 但大多数从零开始制造的机器人的成本在200美元到400美元之间。A. Because 因为；B. Through穿过；C. Although虽然；D. Since既然。上下文是让步关系， 应用althougho故选C。13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然几乎所有人一开始都认为成本会低得多， 但大多数从零开始制造的机器人的成本在200美元到400美元之间。A. more更 多的；B. cheaper更便宜的；C. higher更高的；D. less更少。根据下文的ucost well over $1000”可知，一开始的时候，几乎所有的人都认为花费要少。故选D。七选五【答案】-5 FEBGC

25、【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对如何为参观埃菲尔铁塔做好计划提供了建议。1. 根据后文 “Use these tips to learn how to visit the Eiffel Tower.”（使用这些技巧 来学习如何参观埃菲尔铁塔。）可知，此处是指计划如何参观埃菲尔铁塔。所以 选项F（如果你想参观埃菲尔铁塔，先做好计划。）切合文意。pay a visit to the Eiffel Tower 呼应 visit the Eiffel Towero 故选 F。2. 根据前文 “Purchase your tickets to the Eiffel Tower before your vi

26、sit.（在您参 观埃菲尔铁塔之前，请先购买门票。）可知，此处是讲购买门票，根据后文“They are elevator access to the top of the tower and elevator access to the first two floors.（它们分别是通往塔顶和前两层的电梯通道。）可知，此处讲了两种门票，所以 选项E（艾埃菲尔铁塔官网提供两种在线门票。）切合文意。they指代的是two typeso 故选E。3. 根据后文 “You can choose to take the Metro, a bus, a bike, a boat or a car. ” （

27、你可 以选择乘坐地铁、公共汽车、自行车、轮船或汽车。）可知，此处是指决定如何 去埃菲尔铁塔。所以选项B （决定你要怎么去埃菲尔铁塔。）切合文意。故选B。4. 根据前文 “Stop to enjoy the views from the second floor.”（在二楼停下来欣赏 风景。）可知，此处是指在二楼可以看到很好的风景。所以选项G （这一层提供 了巴黎的全景，是一个拍照的热门地点。）切合文意。This floor呼应the second flooro 故选 Go根据后文 “Not only is the reflection on the River Sienne a beautif

28、ul sight, but so are all the lights in Paris or Europe.v （不仅锡安河上的倒影是一道美丽的风景，而 且巴黎或欧洲所有的灯光也是如此。）可知，此处提到了灯光，所以选项C （每 隔一小时，塔就会亮5分钟。）切合文意。all the lights呼应the tower is lit up for 5 minutes o 故选 C。14. Traffic accidents in this area are taking place with increasing(频率).15. The designers were allowed a lot

29、of creative(许可).16. Youve got a large collection of(样 品)foodstuffs here.17. She was in a(猛烈J 的)temper and began throwing things about.18. If a nuclear war really breaks out, the world will enter a very dangerous (时期).二、单句语法填空Amy, as well as her brothers,(give) a warm welcome when returningto the vil

30、lage last week.1. My washing machine(repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothesby hand.2. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming,(regard) asone of the best all 一 round forms of exercise.3. It is reported that a space station(build) on the moon in years to come.4. He went home in a h

31、urry,never once looking back to see if he(follow).6.1 was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan (carry) out in the past two years.7. On the last day of our week-long stay,we(invite)to attend a privateconcert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars8. They are t

32、rying to make sure that 5G terminals will have(install) by2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.9. The(saleswoman ) at the supermarket were trying to keep up with thedemand.1(). My sister(suspend) from her job shortly after the incident.11. He had no sense of shame and never felt(guilt).12. It is com

33、mon for people to conflictothers in everyday life.13. He wants to change his(appoint) from Monday to Wednesday.14. My(calculate) is based on notional figures, since the actual figures are not yet available.15. The(divide) between the various classes of society are not so sharplymarked as they used t

34、o be.16. Make a markyou have any doubts or questions.17. The act of(violent) made people boil with anger.18. That project would enter a second(phasic) at the beginning of 2020.19. He picked up a handfulgravel(石子)and drew back his arm to throw.20. We apologize for the(temporarily) inconvenience cause

35、d by thesebuilding works.21. Chinafs vast plains(distribute) mainly in the eastern part of thecountry along the seacoast.三、题型组合练阅读理解Joanne was stuck in a traffic jam in central Birmingham at 5:30, and at 6:30 she was expected to be chairing a meeting of the tennis club. At last, the traffic was movi

36、ng. She swung quickly racing to her house. As she opened the door, she nearly tripped over Sheba.Hey, Sheba, she said, “Ive got no time for you now, but Ill take you out as soon as I get back from tennis club.” Then she noticed Sheba seemed to be coughing or choking. Obviously, she could hardly brea

37、the. Immediately, Joanne realized she would have to take her to the vet (兽医).When she got there, the vet was just about to close for the day. Seeing the state of Sheba, Dr. Sterne brought her quickly into his office.“Listen, doctor, Im really in a rush to get to a meeting-can I leave her with you, a

38、nd go and get changed? Ill be back in ten minutes to pick her up, and then Ill take her on to the meeting with me. Is that OK?”Sure,” said the doctor.Joanne made the quick trip back to her house in a couple of minutes. As she was once more entering the hallway, the phone by the door began to ring.Th

39、is is Dr. Sterne/9 said an anxious voice. I want you to get out of that house immediately,” said the doctors voice. Im coming round fight away, and the police will be there any time now. Wait outside!At that moment, a police car screeched to a stop outside the house. Two policemen got out and ran in

40、to the house. Joanne was by now completely confused and very frightened. Then the doctor arrived.Wheres Sheba? Is she OK?” shouted Joanne.Shes free, Joanne. I took out the thing which was choking her, and shes OK now.Just then, the two policemen reappeared from the house, half-carrying a white-faced

41、 man, who could hardly walk. There was blood all over him.My God, said Joanne, “how did he get in there? And how did you know he was there?”T think he must be a burglar, said the doctor. I knew he was there because when I finally removed what was stuck in Shebas throat; it turned out to be three hum

42、an fingers.”What was Joanne supposed to do at 6: 30?A. To walk her dog. B. To see her doctor.C. To attend a club meeting. D. To play tennis with her friends.1. Joanne wanted to get back to her home again.A. to dress up for the meetingto phone the police stationB. to catch the badly hurt burglarto wa

43、it for her dog to be cured2. From the passage, we can infer that.A. Sheba fought against the burglarthe police found the burglar had broken inB. Joanne had planned to take her dog to the meetingthe doctor performed a difficult operation on the dog3. In this passage, the writer intends to tell us tha

44、t the dog is.A. clever B. friendly C. frightening D. devoted完形填空I get many emails each week from people who want to start building robots. As a builder of robots for 30 years, heres my1on the subject.First, lets decide what a “robot is. In my opinion, a remote controlled car is not a robot since it

45、has no brain of its own. To be a robot, it should have the2to think and make decisions. This may sound3at first, but really anysmall computer can be programmed to make decisions.I want to encourage you, but4, building a robot is not easy. This is atask that would take a normal person several months

46、or years. In5, aspast president of the Dallas Personal Robotics Group, Ive known professional engineers that spent several years just to6a mobile base working.Im not trying to 7 you, but I just want you to know what8of project this is. If you are willing to spend many months, much money, and potenti

47、ally9and discouragement, then design and build your ownrobot from scratch.Most people10that they can build a robot with parts found aroundthe house and that is partially true. I think11screwdrivers would be agood drive motor. 12, there are many things that you will have to13, especially when it come

48、s to the electronics, sensors and microcontroller parts. These items are simply not available in the bottom of a toy box or at your local Walmart.14almost all believed it would cost much15when they began, most robots built from scratch cost between $200 and $400. Many people spend well over $1000 and some, much more.1. A. explanationB. instructionC. adviceD. questionA. powerB. strengthC. forceD. ability3. A. interesting4. A. immediately5. A. general6. A. get7. A. discourage8. A. colour9. A. excitement10. A. recognise11. A. electric12. A. Therefore13. A. borrow