高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点带答案第i5075期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、Your car is less than a year old, so it is still under.A. boundaryB. tailorC. guaranteeD. arrangement答案：C解析：考查固定搭配。句意：你的车使用不到一年,所以仍在保修期内。A. boundary边界；B.tailor裁剪;C.guarantee保证；担保；D. arrangement安排。分析句子并结合句意可知,此处为固定搭配under guarantee, 意为“在保修期内。应选C。2、 Despite such a

2、big difference in towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regardthe Chinese food as something special.A. attitudeB. meansC. pointD. sight答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同，但亳无疑问，西方人认为中国菜很特别。 A.attitude态度；B. means方法;C. point观点;D. sight视野,视力。短语attitude towards表示对 的态度” 符合句意。应

3、选A项。3 To his, it rained every day and ruined the trip.A. disappointments. delightC. amazementD. satisfaction答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：让他失望的是，每天都在下雨，毁掉了这次旅行。A. disappointment失望；B.delight喜悦；C. amazement惊讶;D. satisfaction满意。由句意推断,句中描述的事实是令人失望的,应使用 to ones disappointment表示“令人失望的是。应选A A. ingredientB. convention

4、C. compoundD. composition答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被研究小组的组成取决于研究人员的兴趣：所有高中生，所有大学生，或者一半 高中生一半大学生。A. ingredient原料,成分；B. convention习俗，惯例,大会：C. compound混合物,合成 词；D. composition成分构成，组成，创作。由语意可知，composition成分构成，组成”符合题意。应选D项。31、From the Tokyo Olympics to the 14th National Games, outstanding performances from China

5、s athletes show the countrys drive for a sports powerhouse in and innovation.A. expectations. passionC. mysteryD. imagination答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从东京奥运会到第十四届全运会，中国运发动的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的 激情和创新精神。A.expectation 期待;B.passion 激情；C.mystery 谜；D.imagination 想象力。根据show the countrys drive for a sports powerhouse in

6、 and innovation”可知，句子表示“中国运发动的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的激情和创新精神，因此空格处意为“激情，是passion,应选B。32、Students study at their own and the teachers seldom set tests.A. netB. outlineC. contestD. pace答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生按照自己的节奏学习，老师很少设置考试。A.net网；B.outline大纲；C.contest比赛；D.pace速度，节奏。根据后半句老师很少设置考试，可推断前面学生都是按照自己的节奏学 习，应选D。33、We

7、 stay in with each other by telephone.A. contactB. contractC. constructD. confuse10答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们通过 保持联系。A. contact联系；B. contract合同;C. construct构想;D.confuse混淆。固定搭配：in contact with与.有联系”。应选A。34、We can see monuments here and there. Those who have made great to human beings and society willnever

8、 be forgotten.A. conclusionsB. attractionsC. contributionsD. achievements答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以看到到处都是纪念碑。那些对人类和社会做出过重大贡献的人将永远不 会被忘记。A.conclusions 结论；B.attractions 吸引力；C.contributions 贡献；D.achievements 成就。结合句意， 此处是短语:make great contributions to,意为“对.做出重大贡献”。应选是35、Youll get a false of the town if you

9、 only visit the university.A. impressionB. companyC. youthD. rent答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你只参观大学，你会对这个城市产生错误的印象。A.impression印象；B pany公司；C.youth青春;D.rent租金。结合visit the university”和选项可推知，句中谈论的是对大学和 城市的印象，a false impression”错误的印象,符合语境。应选A。36、Children/s over-dependence on cellphones has become one of the to

10、p of modern parents.A. benefitsB. concernsC. responsesD. functions答案：B 解析:11 考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子对手机的过度依赖已经成为现代父母最担忧的问题之一。A. benefits好处；B.concerns 担忧的事；C. responses 反响；D. functions 功能。根据上文Childrens over-dependence on cellphones has become one of the top可知指孩子对手机的过度依赖已经成为现代父母最担忧的问题之一，应用concern。 应选Bo37、Some

11、department stores offer a 20% discount on food products six hours before the date on theproduct.A. packagingB. expirationC. composition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些百货公司在食品保质期前6小时提供20%的折扣。A.packaging外包装；B.expiration 到期；C. composition 作文。根据offer a 20% discount on food products”可知，食品到期之前百货公 司才会打折，expiration da

12、te （食物的）有效期应选B。38、He made a great to the development of the new medicine.A. challenges. contributionC. characterD. concern答案：B解析：考查名词。句意:他对新药品的开展做出了巨大贡献。A. challenge挑战;B. contribution贡献；C. character角 色；D. concern担忧。分析句子可知，动作的对象是新药品的研发，结合选项这里应该指“他对此做出了贡献, 符合短语 make a contribution to。应选 B 项。39、 Having

13、 read the advertisement for the qualified employees, a great many answered the call.A. ancestorsB. applicantsC. operatorsD. boarders答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：读了招聘合格员工的广告后，很多求职者都应征了。A. ancestors祖先：B.12 applicants 申请人,求职者:C. operators 操作员；D. boarders 寄宿者。根据上文“Having read the advertisement for the qualified e

14、mployees”可知此处指求职者应征，应用applicantSo应选B。40、The teacher often makes a(n)on how different the two boys are.A. comments. decisionC. impressionD. effect答案：A解析：考查名词。句意:老师经常评论这两个男孩有多么不同。A ment评论;B.decision决定；C.impression印 象；D.effect影响。根据后句on how different the two boys are (这两个男孩有多么不同)”可知为评论的具体 内容，固定短语make a

15、comment on对 做出评论。应选A。41、We should respect the peoples religious.A. blossomB. beliefC. poetD. award答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们应该尊重人民的宗教信仰。A. blossom花朵；B. belief信仰；C. poet诗人;D. award奖励。由religious可知,此处指“宗教信仰。应选B项。42、Linda gave us a vivid of her trip to Mount Lushan after her return.A. directions. explanation

16、C. imaginationD. account答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达回来后给我们生动地描述了她的庐山之行。Adrection方向；B.explanation解 释;C.imagination想象力：D.account描述。由“of her trip to Mount Lushan”可知,句子表示“琳达回来后给我们 生动地描述了她的庐山之行”，空格处是“描述，应选D。43、Mums Little Bank“ was used for sudden, such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be tak

17、en to a doctor.13A. emergenciesB. proposalsC. functionsD. individuality答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈的“小银行”被用于应对突然发生对的紧急情况，例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并 且不得不带去看医生时。A.emergencies紧急情况；B.proposals建议；C.functions功能；D.individuality个性。 结合下文“例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并且不得不带去看医生时可知，上文说的是突然发生的紧急情况， emergencies紧急情况”符合句意，应选择A项。44、From my hotel room wi

18、ndow, I could see a large board with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician.A. amusementB. advertisementC. manuscriptD. assignment答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：透过酒店房间的窗户，我可以看到一个印着他头像的大广告牌:杰森，大魔术师。 A.amusement 有趣：B.advertisement J n ； C. manuscript 手稿；D. assignment 任务。根据下文“with his face on it: Jason, the Gre

19、at Magician.”可知,看到一个印着他头像的大广告牌。应选B项。小提不：45、Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable.A. the timeB. timesC. scheduleD. schedules答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。句意：抽出时间来学习和参加课外活动是一个巨大的挑战。因此我需要做一个切实可行的时 间表。A. the time时间;B. times时代；C. schedule时间表；D. sch

20、edules时间表（复数）。根据句意可知,抽 出时间学习和做课外活动是一个挑战，所以要制定计划，而且根据单词a可知，应选可数名词单数，应选C。小提小:14根据句意来选择合适的词，根据名词前面的冠词可知应填单数还是复数。46、The of a passage gives readers very important information about the main idea of it.A. titleB. homeworkC. houseworkD. panic答案:A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一篇文章的标题可以给读者提供有关文章主旨的重要信息。A. title标题；B.homewor

21、k家庭作业;C. housework家务；D. panic惊恐。根据th。main idea ”可知,此处表示文章的标题。应选A。47、“The next station is Bank!” comes the. Thats my destination.A. movements. announcementC. techniqueD. documentary答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：广播传来下一站是银行站!那是我的FI的地。A.movement运动，活动：B.announcement 公告，通告，广播；C.technique 技术；D.documentary 记录电影节目。根据 T

22、he next station isBank!可知这是广播的通知。应选B项。48、I want you both to be on your best at Grandads.OK, we will, Mum.A. opportunityB. struggleC. behaviorD. purpose答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我要你们两个在你爷爷家好好表现。一一好的，我们会的，妈妈。A.opportunity机会；B.struggle斗争；C.behavior行为，举止；D.purpose目的。根据句意这是妈妈对孩子的告诫，要求他们注意行为举止。应选C。49、We have e

23、ntered into age humans are concerned about animal welfare.15A. thatB. whenC. whichD. while答案：B解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入了关心动物福利的时代。先行词age,后接限定性定语从句，先行词在从 句中作时间状语，应用关系副词引导从句。应选B项。50、High-speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great of China.A. AgreementsB. EnvironmentsC. InstrumentsD. Achievements答案：D

24、解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：高速列车被认为是中国新的四大创造之一。A. Agreements同意；B. Environments 环境;C. Instruments 仪器，工具：D. Achievements 成就。The Four Great Achievements 为固定用法,意为“四 大创造”。应选D项。51、The official is preparing documents for a four-nation regional meeting on elephant.A. constitutionB. affectionC. conservationD. production答

25、案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员正在为一个关于大象保护的四国区域会议准备文件。A. constitution构成, 组成；B. affection喜爱;C. conservation保护；D. production生产。这里指关于大象保护的文件。应选C。52、The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct in applying for a visa.A. declarations. gravityC. procedureD. porcelain答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员坚持说，迈克尔在申

26、请签证时没有按照正确的程序。A. declaration宣布;16B. gravity重力;C. procedure程序;D. porcelain瓷器。根据applying for a visa”可知,签证要按照程序申请。 应选C.53、The first week was a little confusing.以上句子中黑体加粗的是.A.名词短语B.形容词短语C.介词短语D.副词短语答案：A解析：考查句子成分。句意：第一周有点混乱。The first week为名词短语，作主语；a little confusing为形容词短语, 作表语，应选A。54、Since you have no ch

27、ild after ten years, marriage, youd better a child from local government forA. adapt; companyB. adapt; friendC. adopt; friendD. adopt; company答案：D解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：既然你婚后十年没有孩子，你最好从当地政府收养一个孩子做伴。adaptv. 适应；adopt v.收养：company n.陪伴；friend n.朋友。根据you have no child after ten yearsmarriage”可知，第 一空是建议收养(ado

28、pt)一个孩子，第二空表示收养孩子的目的，“forcompany为固定搭配，表示“做伴 应选 D项。55、I think he was born to be an/a of a newspaper.A. sweatB. editorC. helicopterD. whistle答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为他天生就是当报纸编辑的料。A. sweat汗水；B. editor编辑；C. helicopter 直升机；D. whistle 口哨。结合空后名词newspaper可知,此处指报纸编辑。应选B。17184、 If man continued to waste natural

29、resources with no thought for the future, the later would be in danger.A. representativesB. operatorsC. generationsD. candidates答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：如果人类不为未来着想而继续浪费自然资源，后代将处于危险之中。A.representatives代表;operators经营者;C.generations tSR； D.candidates候选人。结合句意，后代将会处于危险之中。应选C。5、Sara, try to do everything to the bes

30、t within your.-OK, I will.A. abilityB. habitC. powerD. attention答案:A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:莎拉,尽你所能做到最好。一一好的，我会的。Aability能力;B.habit习惯;power权力;D. attention注意力。根据句意可知,句中指在你的能力范围内,尽力把一切做到最好。 ability意为能力，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。6、J.K. Rowling, the of Harry Potter, has gone through many difficulties in her writing.A. carB

31、. hintC. posterD. author答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈利波特的作者J.K.罗琳在写作中经历了许多困难。A.car汽车；B. hint暗示;C. poster海报;D. author作者。根据句意和常识可知，JK Rowling是哈利波特的作者，用名词author, 意为“作者应选D项。7 My mother is in a middle school. She teaches history very well.A. driverB. dancerC. teacherD. writer答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈是中学老师。她历史教得非常好。A

32、. driver司机；B. dancer舞蹈演员；C. teacher教师;D. writer作家。根据句中“She teaches history very well”可知,我妈妈历史教得非常好，因此她 是一名教师。应选C项。8、Citizens are braving the to get nucleic acid tests as COVID-19 outbreak has reoccurred in Harbin.A. elementsB. seasonC. factorsD. climate答案:A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着新型冠状病毒在哈尔滨再次爆发，市民们正勇敢地接受核酸

33、检测。A.elements 要素；B. season 季节：C. factors 因素；D. climate 气候。根据后文“to get nucleic acid tests表示勇敢 做某事”应用 brave the elements to。应选 A。9、The Great Wall is a great tourist, drawing millions of visitors every year.A. attentions. attractionC. appointmentD. arrangement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：长城是一个伟大的旅游景点，每年吸引数以百万计的游

34、客。A. attention注意力；B. attraction 有吸引力的事物；C. appointment 约会；D. arrangement 安排。根据drawing millions of visitors every year*可知,应使用名词attraction构成名词词组tourist attraction,意为旅游景点应选B项。10 To solve the problem, the engineers tried out different, but none seemed to work well.A. approachesB. statementsC. ranksD. as

35、sociations答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解决这个问题，工程师们尝试了不同的方法，但似乎没有一种效果很好。A.approaches方法;B. statements陈述;声明；C. ranks等级;级别;D. associations协会;联盟。根据前文目的 状语T。soke the problem（为了解决问题）可知，应是为了解决问题尝试了不同的方法。应选A项。11、The program is aimed to give the people in the countryside to safe drinking water.A. accessB. passageC. w

36、ayD. approach答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和短语。句意：这个项1=1目标是给农村人提供使用平安饮水的机会。A.access接触；B.passage通道；C.way方式；D.approach方法。根据access to （使用.的机会）可知空格处填access。应选 Ao12、In a, two or more speakers express two or more opposing views.A. challenges. scheduleC. opportunityD. debate答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在辩论中，两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反的

37、观点。A.challenge 挑战;B. schedule 计划表;C. opportunity 机会;D. debate 辩论。根据后文“two or more speakers express two or more opposing views提出两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反的观点，可知是在 辩论中。应选D。13、Can you tell me your for happiness and a long life?-Living every day to the full, definitely.A. recipeB. recordC. rangeD. receipt答案

38、：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一你能告诉我幸福长寿的秘诀吗？ 一一充实地过好每一天。A. recipe方法，秘诀: 4record 记录；C. range 范围，界限；D. receipt 收据。根据语境和后文for happiness and a long life及Living every day to the full, definitely”可知，此处指秘诀。应选 A 项。14、You should have asked for your parentsbefore you go out for a whole night.A. permissionB. excitementC.

39、 admissionD. encouragement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你出去整晚之前应该征得你父母的许可。A. permission许可；B. excitement激动;admission 成认；D. encouragement 鼓励。根据空后“before you go out for a whole night.”可知，因为要外出 待一整晚，所以空处需用名词permission,表示获得父母的许可。应选A。15Thank goodness the lifeguard came to my; otherwise, I might have drowned!A. sense

40、B. effortC. attentionD. rescue答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，救生员来救我；否那么，我可能淹死了！ A. sense感觉，意识；B. effort 努力；C. attention注意力；D. rescue营救，援救。根据句意，此处涉及动词短语come to ones rescue为固定 搭配，意为“营救某人应选D项。小提示：16、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the for watching television, which makes TVa decorat

41、ion of the house.A. analysisB. appetiteC. incidentD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，这使得电视成为了家里的 一种装饰。A. analysis 分析；B. appetite 兴趣，欲望;C. incident 事件;D. appreciation 欣赏。根据which5makes TV a decoration of the house”可知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，appetite符合题意。应选B。17、 I have decided to take the

42、entrance examinations to college.-Wish you.A. a luckB. a good luckC. luckD. a success答案:C解析：考查名词的数。句意：一一我已经决定参加大学入学考试了。一一祝你好运。success表示“成功时，为抽象概 念和luck （运气）均为不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词，故排除A、B和D选项。wish you luck祝你好运。应选Co18、We waited for them to give us the to move.A. symbolB. signalC. signD. mark答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。

43、句意:我们等待他们给我们移动的信号。A. symbol象征；B. signal信号；C. sign标志;D. mark记号。根据句意可知,句中指给我们移动的信号，signal意为信号,名词词性,符合语境。应选B项。19、 If the temperature is below 0 C, water will turn into in the open air.A. iceB. steamC. fogD. rain答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果温度低于0摄氏度，水在户外就会结冰。A. ice冰；B. steam蒸气；C. fog雾;D. rain雨。根据常识可知，在户外，气温低于0度

44、，水就会结冰。应选A。20、I hope my teacher will take into the fact that I was ill just before the exams when she mypaper.A. account; marksB. count; marksC. account; markedD. count; marked答案：A解析：考查固定短语和时态。句意：当老师在批改我的试卷时，我希望她会把我考前生病了这个事实考虑在内。account账户，解释，表达；count计算，总数。take sth into account考虑到，顾及，是固定短语；根据my teach

45、er will take into”使用的一般将来时可知，when引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时，应选A项。21、The to success is to make good use of the chance to education.A. accessB. fountainC. potentialD. document答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功的途径是充分利用受教育的机会。A. access通路、入径；B. fountain喷泉；C. potential 潜力；D. document 文件。the access to.（.的途径）符合句意。应选 A 项。22、The ab

46、ility to keep calm is one of her many. Owing to that, she was promoted to deal with the emergency.A. basesB. challengesC. benefitsD. strengths答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：保持冷静的能力是她的许多优点之一。因此，她被提拔去处理紧急情况。A. bases 基础,基地;B. challenges挑战；C. benefits好处;D. strengths优点。结合句意可知,此处指保持冷静是她众 多优点之一*, strength符合题意。应选D。23、

47、I have a strong for country life because it brings me peace in mind.A. benefitB. reliefC. preferenceD. defence答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对乡村生活有着强烈的喜好，因为它给我带来心灵的平和。A. benefit益处；B.relief慰藉;C. preference爱好，偏好;D. defence防御。由because引导的原因状语从句内容推断,这是我” 喜欢、向往乡村生活的理由。应选C。24、Many people make a sharp between humans

48、 and other animals.A. balanceB. examinationC. distinctionD. conclusion答案:C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人把人类和其他动物区分得很清楚。A. balance平衡；B. examination检查；C. distinction区分；D. conclusion结论。根据后文“between humans and other animals”指区分人类和其它动物，应 用 distinction。应选 Co25、Linda wants to go abroad for further study after graduating from high school, but she needs to