2023年高考复习阅读理解满分考点5-主旨要义之文章大意--讲考点--胸有成竹（学生版）.docx

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1、ability to rotate（旋转）and translate shapes J Levine said in a statement.2023年高考复习阅读理解总分值考点考点5.主旨要义之文章大意.讲考点.琳有成竹2022年文章大意考点归纳】T点 题、文章大意阅读理解2022试卷类型设问考占-J /、2022年全国甲卷阅读 C31. What is the text mainly about?文章大意20212021年3月天津卷C 篇 56. What is the passage mainly about?文章大意2021年6月浙江卷C 篇 10. What is the last

2、paragraph mainly about?文章大意20202020年新课标I I卷B 篇 27. What is the text mainly about?文章大意【2023年高考命题预测】文章大意考点是高考中的必考点。一篇一定在表达或传递他的思想，因此，每篇文章一定有 它的中心思想。预测在2023高考中，文章大意题会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。【主旨大意之文章大意考点指南】规律方法：如何概括文章大意？1、做概括文章大意题时，有效的方法就是识别主题句。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点，文章的中心 思想往往是每段主题句的综合。假设文章无主题句，这就需要我们依据文中的事实、细节、观点去进行分析、

3、 推断和归纳，从而概括出文章大意。2、在选择答案时，根据自己总结的大意，就可以用排除法将干扰项逐个排除。考例分析：B【2020.全国新课标II】Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young childre

4、n the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition（认矢口）after controlling for differences in parents, income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.

5、The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.“The children who played with puzzles performed better than thos

6、e who did not, on tasks that assessed theirThe parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls

7、who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.

8、24227. What is the text mainly about?A. A mathematical method.B. A scientific study.C , A woman psychologistD. A teaching program.C【2020全国新课标ni】With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation（孤独），more families are choosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quie

9、t, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol 一 one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the U

10、K living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house, says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick bec

11、ause I think its a big thing fbr Nick to live with his mother-in-law.And what does Nick think? From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”Its hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been ri

12、sing for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are r

13、eturning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.Stories like that are more common in parts of the world w

14、here multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husbands family when they get married.31831. What is the text mainly about?A. Lifestyles in different countries.B. Conflicts between generations.C. A housing pro

15、blem in Britain.D. A rising trend of living in the UK.【试题精练】l.D【江西省八校2021-2022学年高三第一次联考】Whether its the slow drifting apart from a childhood friend, the sudden, sharp distance created by a disagreement, or one of the many relationships that have quietly fallen away during the pandemic, losing someon

16、e that you thought would always be in your life is deeply jarring.But friendship breakups will happen over the course of our lives, and we need to start learning how to deal with them in healthy ways, says friendship coach Danielle Bayard Jackson.The most significant thing we need to do, says Jackso

17、n, is normalize the fact that sometimes friendships do end and that can actually be healthy. However, we havent been taught to carry this expectation into our friend relationships.Were not looking at our friends through a lens （透镜）of Gosh,I hope this works out but well do that with a romantic partne

18、r fbr sure J says Jackson. With a partner, we wonder if they*re going to be the one. But with friends, we assume they1 re the one from the minute we establish that we like each other.”And because we dont view the loss of a friendship as a normal occurrence, it feels like a personal failing when it h

19、appens and something we should be ashamed of. Or, as Jackson puts it, If friendship is supposed to be easy and yours ended, what did you do wrong?But that isn*t the case.Friendships, like any relationship, sometimes arent meant to be and even if they are, maintaining them takes real work. Kristen Ne

20、wton has been interested in this work for years and founded HEART Convos, which aims to help people who feel stuck in unsatisfying friendships have the kind of open and honest communication that keeps a friendship healthy.“I think we feel blindsided because we belittle the value and significance of

21、our social connections and friendship. Yet we recognize the weight that they carry when they dont work out, and we experience that hurt and disappointment J she says.12. What is the text mainly about?A. How to regain a friendship that has ended.B. The loss of a friendship is a normal occurrence.C. W

22、hy friendship breaks up over the course of our lives.D. Many relationships have fallen away during the pandemic.2.D【陕西省渭南市2022届高三教学质量检测一模】The earliest tomatoes were little sour berries. They grew among low bushes in dry, sunny places in the Andes Mountains in South America. It was about 350 million

23、years ago.Tomato plants are relative to nightshade （茄属植物），which has poison. The leaves and stems of tomato plants have poison , but the berries are good to eat. The berries are red so that animals can find them easily and eat them. The animals carry the seeds to other places. That was how earliest t

24、omato plants found new places to grow. Tomatoes are also relative to tobacco, chili peppers and potatoes.When people first came to South America about 20,000 years ago, they ate these tiny wild tomatoes. Travelers brought a few kinds of wild tomato plants from the Andes to Central America, there the

25、 ancestors of the Maya began to farm them. Nobody knows exactly when people began farming tomatoes, but it probably was much later than corn and beans, and it was surely before 500 BC. These Central American fanners bred tomatoes to be bigger and sweeter than the wild ones.By the time Spanish explor

26、ers got to Tenochtitlan in Mexico in 1521 AD, the Aztec people ere eating a lot of tomatoes, made a sauce of chopped （剁碎的）tomatoes, onions, salt and chili peppers that was a lot like our salsa.The word “tomato“ comes from their Nahuatl word tomato”.Because tomatoes werent farmed until pretty late, f

27、armers further north had not yet been able to adapt heir growing season to working in North America. Even today, its pretty hard to get your tomatoes ripe in the northern parts of North America before the growing season ends.15 . What is the text mainly about?A. How to grow tomatoes.B. The history o

28、f tomatoes.C. When to grow tomatoes.D. The places where tomatoes grow.3.C【吉林省长春市重点高中2022届高三下学期第三次模拟】One of the greatest challenges in caring for such intelligent animals as chimpanzees （猩猩）is providing them with enriching experiences. Every day, the chimpanzees at Project Chimps receive morning and

29、evening food-based enrichment devices, but caregivers are always looking for more ways to keep the chimps mentally engaged. With 79 chimpanzees, each with their distinctive personality, care staff often find that different chimps react differently to new enrichment.Last year, we began inviting music

30、ians to perform for chimps to see what they may respond. A violin performance received quite the response. Additional musicians were lined up to visit but the coronavirus has stopped the activities, which we hope to resume in the near future.This past week, we brought an electric piano for the chimp

31、s to investigate. Some chimps, like twins Buttercup and Clarisse, were immediately interested and could not wait to tap out a few notes. Others, like Emma, were more interested in trying to take it apart.29-year-old Precious has very little tolerance for the piano. She sat off to the side for a few

32、minutes, but eventually she decided that was enough. She called an end to the enrichment session by throwing a handful of waste at the piano. Receiving her message loud and clear, we removed the piano.We could never have guessed how 33-year-old Luke would react to it. As with many retired lab chimpa

33、nzees, Luke has some anxiety issues. He seems particularly distrustful of anything new, including people, food, and enrichment. But when we presented the chimps with the piano, Luke was the first to investigate. We could not believe our eyes-this usually anxious chimpanzee bravely chose to explore s

34、omething new!To us at Project Chimps, this is what it is all about: giving chimpanzees the freedom to choose. We are honored to be part of their journey.11. What is the text mainly about?A. How caregivers care for the retired chimpanzees.B. What care staff do to enrich chimpanzees5 daily life.C How chimpanzees are trained through various enrichment.D. What Project Chimps does to observe and study wild chimps.