2022年咸阳师范学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年咸阳师范学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in an objec

2、t, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth?A、1 pound.B、2 pounds.C、3 pounds.D、4 pou

3、nds.【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题问的是一磅茶如果被带出离地球外表4000英里的地方，重量 会是多少？ 4000这个数字比拟关键，因为在本段最后一句中出现了这个词，一 看该句 If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound,只是把名词换了一下，很显然答案 就是变成原来重量的四分之一，因此正确答案是A。第2题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】The children don/t just plan any

4、city. They map and analyze （分析）the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect （建筑师）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of theirA、 heating it up.B、

5、treating it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D、 drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt BP take salt out。第19题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Now, there are about 24 million microcomputers in use in the United Statesone for every 10 citizens. It is estimated that by 1996, 61 percent o

6、fAmerican managers will be using some sort of electronic work station.Q: At present about 10% of American citizens possess a microcomputer.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本段一开头就说到目前在美国大约有二千四百万台微型 电子计算机在使用中，平均每十人就拥有一台。因此此题的表述是正确的。第20题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Finally, though a childs teachers may not ha

7、ve been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is concerned, the teacher/s close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teac

8、hing training he has received.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given10【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。文章讲虽然儿童习得母语的教师可能没有受过专门的 语言教学的训练，但与他的关系却是亲密的、个人化的。但是作者并没有提到在 语言学习中，教师与学生密切的个人关系比教师接受专门的语言教学训练更重要。第21题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate ones biological clock bydrinking.A、feasibleB、incredibleC fashionableD、

9、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。科学家怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的 B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、 时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第22题【单项选择题】2009.10 So far scientists have only acquired understanding of the physicalprocesses that cause earthquakes.A、a partialB、a changeableC、an originalD、an individual【正确答案】A第23题【单项选择题】阅读选择But even i

10、f every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to11make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the pa

11、ssage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D、 drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt 艮take salt out。第24题【单项选择题】2008,04 The government finally all the documents relating to the war.A、releasedB、s

12、pecializedC、realizedD、 supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。A”公开发表、公布或发布（新闻） B专 门从事、专攻 C意识到、领悟 D假定、猜测。整句话的意思是：政府最 终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第25题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. Many of the islands were formed by the eruption （爆发）

13、of ancient volcanoes （ “Q山）.Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean.A、 They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty.B、What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands?12C Theyre like a long necklace that stretches between Nor

14、th and South America. D But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.【正确答案】c【答案解析】第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛形成了一个锁链，把加勒比海与大西 洋的其他局部分开。答案是C,因为它的第一个词是叮hey,该词指叮he Caribbean Islands；而且在语义上也有很好的衔接。第26题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the worl

15、d and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observation

16、s to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready

17、for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In ZZAII thats needed to become one. (paragraph 2) what does the word one stands for ?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解

18、析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词 的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第27题【单项选择题】13【阅读选择】 Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the children/s book is based on, was mayor. Other kids ran the stores which sold imaginary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, an

19、d the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each others bases using spears made with ocotillo, a desert plant. Who is Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the bo

20、ok.D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话 给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。 而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第28题【单项选择题】2009.01 Children have a natural about the world around them.A、certaintyB、capabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义 选择。A确定性

21、，肯定的事；B能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。第29题【单项选择题】【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology. . Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable14 phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technolo

22、gy has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.B、 We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in te

23、rms of the human factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差异的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因 此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，应选D。第30题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB、set backC、set

24、asideD、set up【正确答案】c【答案解析】译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精力于她面前的任务。试题 分析：此题考查短语意义辨析。国详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于 之后、延迟；C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第31题【单项选择题】【I阅读半U断】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket （板球）.Q: Baseball shares many features with the Eng

25、lish game of cricket.15A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao此题对应的语句为：the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket,因此是正确的。第32题【单项选择题】2008.04 The cloth had a natural look which perfectly the image Laurasought.A turned outB、set downC、thought overD、coincided with【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨

26、析。这块布料看起来很自然，与劳拉寻找的样 式完全相符。A.关闭；B.制定、放下；D.与相同、与相符。第33题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。16第34题【单项选择题】2009.04 When you know Bob be

27、tter, you will like him.A、go toB、got toC、went toD、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：此题考 查主将从现。回详细解答：根据主将从现的原那么，主句用了一般将来时，时间状 语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。第35题【单项选择题】2009.10 he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第36题

28、【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given17【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选c。这段提到了 technology是一种美的享受，但是没有说它 是一种艺术，更没有说我们每个人都热爱这门艺术。第3

29、7题【单项选择题】the staff to work hard.2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed toA、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第38题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, annou

30、nced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nation/s healt

31、h care system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co问题句说Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度。 而本段只是说女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。18第39题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what/s going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambri

32、dge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、 The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ion

33、s react with which.【正确答案】c【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处第40题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】You consider that you cant find your place in your own country, so you risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be moments

34、when you can/t stand the loneliness anymore, the strangers around you, or your job. But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you are the only one to be blamed.When you are lonely in a foreign country, you should.A、change your decisionB、blame y

35、our parents for itC、stick to your decision and go onD、make more friends【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co根据文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on可知答案。作者认为你出国 后可能会面临各种困难，面对周围的陌生人、工作，你可能会感到孤独，但是仔19 creations/Designing buildings of the future gives children a

36、 lot of freedom/ says the teacher who developed this program. They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official7

37、 and planning group make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser/An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom.A、to find out kids creative ideasB、to discuss with the teacherC、to give children lecturesD、to help kids with their program【正确答案】D【

38、答案解析】根据本段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案为D。句中的aid意为帮助，与help同义。第3题【单项选择题】2009,04 This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC pointedD、appointed【正确答案】

39、D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：此题考查 词义辨析。回详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。第4题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.细想想这个决定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后继续。第41题【单项选择题】2009.04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、 thoro

40、ugh【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析: 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第42题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the

41、 next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Q: People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao利用“10, 000作为答案线索词（因为年代通常是用数字 表示），于是发现有句子提到当生活在约一万年前中东地区的人们发现从某些植 物中可以收获粮食，

42、并且播种后下一个收获季节还能产出更多的粮食时，就迈开 了植物和人类联系的第1大步。第43题【单项选择题】202009.04 Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A、WhatB、WhichC、 ThatD、Who【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：汤姆所做的事情使得他 班里的每个同学都感到吃惊。详细解答：what Tom has done指汤姆所做的事情； B哪一个；C （无词义）；D谁。第44题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wa

43、nted a hearing aid. He certainly does/1 replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a hearing aid. No way, I said. It would make me look 20 years older. No, no, she replied. This is entirely different. Its Cryst

44、al Ear!lnitially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because.A、it would make him look old.B、it would make him nervous.C、 it was too expensive.D、it was old-styled.【正确答案】A【答案解析】当被妻子问及是否愿意得到一个助听器时，作者因为担忧显得老气 而拒绝。所以答案是A。第45题【单项选择题】概括大意The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, fa

45、mily garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is zzLetting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers21 here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in the garde

46、n/The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Different Kinds of Gardens.B、Kinds of Plants in s Home GardenC、The Most Important Point in Family GardeningD How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们的想象力和鉴 赏力。所以答案为C。第46题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】The children don/t just plan any city. They m

47、ap and analyze （分析）the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect （建筑师）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations.Designing buildings

48、of the future gives children a lot of freedom： says the teacher who developed this program. They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the