2022年人教版英语必修知识点练习.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_第四单元 Earthquake1.burst into +n =burst out doing突然起来burst into tears =burst out crying 2.as is known to everybody 总所周知3.be/get injured受伤4.cut across 穿过横穿5.as usual 像平常一样6.give out 散发出精疲力竭7.instead of 代替8.give a speech 演讲9.put up shelters 搭建避难10.be pleased to do sth.愿意做某事11.be proud of 以 而骄傲 =

2、take pride in12.the number of 的数量13.in the open air在户外14.right away 马上15.in ruins 破败不堪成废墟16.dig out 掘出17.at an end 终结18.a number of很多大量的19.tooto 太而不能20.tens of thousands of成千上万的21.be trapped in =be caught in被困在 中可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_22. allnot = not all并非全部 都可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_23. to the nor

3、th of =north of在的北面24.be rescued from被从 解救出25.be buried被掩埋被埋藏26.bury oneself in =be buried in用心于,埋头于27. think little of评判不高think highly of称赞赐予较高评判28. as if 似乎29. be/ get shocked 震惊30.at an end 终结【重点词汇】1、In the city, the water pipes in some buildings crashed and burst .城市里,一些大楼里的水管爆裂.burst 爆裂 ,突发用法归纳

4、：I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.我觉得自己兴奋得心花怒放.The police burst through the door.警察破门而入.There was a burst of laughter in the next room.隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声.联想扩展：(1) burst in on突然打断He burst in on our conversation.他突然打断了我们的谈话.(2) burst into +n.突然The speaker burst into angry speech. 演讲者突然讲粗话.(3) bu

5、rst out + doing 突然The woman burst out crying like a child.那个妇女突然像小孩一样哭了.2. Two-thirds of them died or wereinjured during the earthquake.的震中,有三分之二的人死亡或受伤.injury n.损害易混辨析：injure ; hurt; wound; harm损害injure 比 hurt 正式, hurt 多指伤痛,而injure 就指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的缺失.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_hurt 既可指肉体上的损害,也可指精神上

6、、感情上的损害.指肉体上的损害时,hurt 可与 badly, slightly, seriously等连用.但如果指精神上的创伤,只能用very much, rather / deeply .wound 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的、严峻的伤,特指战场上受伤.可以是肉体上的损害,也可指精神上的创伤.harm 表示引起对身体、物质或精神上的损害,常指损害人的肉体,损坏东西以及损害健康、品质、事业等.即时活用：1、Did you say that our neighbor in the accident.A. badly hurtedB. was badly hurtedC. had

7、badly hurtedD. was badly hurt2、My chest when I take a deep breath, doctor.A. hurtsB. woundsC.harmsD. injure 3、The old lady died from the on her head; she was when cleaning windows on the ladder when she fell off it.A. injury; injuredB. wound; woundC. wounded; hurtD. hurt; injured5、The bus driver was

8、 badly on both legs in the traffic accident.A. woundedB. brokenC. injuredD. destroyed3. It seemed as if the world was at an end.【短语归纳】与end 搭配的常用短语：come to an end vi. 终止（用作谓语）bring/put sth.to an end vt. 终止.禁止at the end of 在终点（末）（指时间或空间）by the end of 到末为止（现在完成时连用）by the end of last. （与过去完成时连用）by the e

9、nd of next. （用于将来完成时） in the end 最终,最终（作状语）on end 连续to the end 究竟without end 没完没了的【随堂练习】用at the end of, by the end of和 in the end 填空.（ 1）How many English words have you learned last term.（ 2）He became an outstanding doctor .（ 3） My uncle will fly to China this year.It seemed + that 从句是一个句型,表示“看起来好象”

10、.eg: It seemed that he didnt notice this.看起来他好象没留意这件事.as if 是连词词组,意为“似乎、似乎”,相当于as though,一般用于句型It looks/seems as if.中,其意思是“看起来似乎”.假如与事实相反,就用虚拟语气.假如与事实一样,就保持正常时态.eg:1.There is a lot of cloud. It seems as if its going to rain.有这么多乌云,看起来好象要下雨了.（是事实,不用虚拟）2.She is so kind to me. It seems as if she were m

11、y mother.她对我特别好,看起来好象她是我的母亲.（事实上不是,与现在事实相反）sb. 作主语时, seem 后常跟 adj. 作表语.eg: He seemed a little angry.他看起来有点愤怒.4.、In fifteen terrible seconds a large city layin ruins .（ 1） n. 残垣断壁.废墟（名词经常用复数）The city lay in ruins after years of bombing.（ 2） v. 毁灭.使破产The hurricane ruined all the houses here.【拓展】be in

12、ruins呈一片废墟fall into ruin变成废墟come to ruin毁灭,落空可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ruin oneself自我毁灭bring sb. to ruin使毁灭5. shockvt &vi 使震惊,震惊.使 受电击 n打击.震惊.震惊C 令人震惊的人或事 People were shocked.回来课本 P26 1 was shocked to see him alone我很惊讶的发觉他独自一人. I felt the shock as the aircraft hit the ground 飞机着陆时我感觉到震了一下.可编辑资料 - - -

13、欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ If you touch this live wire, you11 get a shock假如触摸这条带电的电线,你就会遭到电击.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_归纳拓展with/from shock 由于震惊Shocked 震惊的,震惊的shocking adj 令人震惊的a shocking accident 令人惊讶的事故be shocked at 对感到惊讶be shocked to do深感意外的去做特殊提示(1) shocked/surprised/amazed 等的主语多为人,而 shocking/surprising/amazing等

14、的主语多为物. 这两种形式的形容词辨析常在高考题中显现.如： They were shocked by her rudeness他们对她的无礼感到震惊. What a shocking waste of time. 时间的铺张多么惊人吖.(2) 当表示详细的令人震惊的人或事的时候,shock 是可数名词,这一点常和冠词一起考查.如：The news of his mother s death was a terrible shockto him 6 Trapvt trapped, trapped使陷入困境.设陷阱捕n陷阱.困境.捕获动物的 夹子 The lift broke down and

15、we were trapped insideit电梯出了故障,我们被困在里面了. The thieves were caught in a police trap 窃贼落人警方设的陷阱而被捕.归纳拓展(1) fall into a trap ： be caught in a trap 掉人陷阱.落人圈套be trapped in(2) trap sb into doing sth 诱使某人做某事By clever questioning they trapped him into making a confession他们用奇妙的提问诱使他招认了.7、Some of the rescue wo

16、rkers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.1n.援救,营救The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river（ 2） v. 救援.挽救He rescued a boy from drowning.【拓展】rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp.把.从.营救出来come to/ go to sb s rescue = rescu援e 救sb某. 人a rescue team救援队a rescue mission救援任务rescue workers救援人员

17、【随堂练习】用rescue 的适当形式填空（ 1）The mother, along with her two children, from the sinking boat by a passing ship.（ 2）The firemen five children from the burning house yesterday.8. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trap ped and to bury the dead.(1) be trapped in 陷入困境They were trappend in the

18、 burning building.(2) bury掩埋,掩埋be buried in / bury oneself in埋头于,用心于（ 3） the dead 死者,表示一类人.形容词前加the 常用来表示一类人或一类东西.eg:the rich富人the young年轻人the old 老年人the deaf 聋人the blind盲人the injured受伤的人the new新的东西the ordinary普一般通的东西留意： the + 形容词 作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由上下文的意思而定.如表示一类人,作复数看待.如表示抽象概念或详细的某个人时,谓语动词用单数.可编辑资料 -

19、 - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_eg:1.The young respect the old; the old love the young.尊老爱幼.2.All the injured have been sent to hospita.全部受伤的人都已送往医院.9. judgen法官,审判员.鉴赏家vt 判定.评判Your speech was heard by a group of five judges , all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.归纳拓展judgement n审判,判决.判定力.看法,看法,评判ju

20、dge sb./sth.from/by.从来判定judge between right and wrong 判定是非as far as I can judge 据我判定,我认为judging by/from 从上看.依据判定don t judge a book by its cover 勿以貌取人.勿只凭外表判定I can t judge whether he is right or wrong. 我不能肯定他是对仍是错. Judging from his expression ,he was satisfied with my work.从他的表情判定, 他对我的工作很中意. As far

21、as I can judge , it is he rather than you is to blame. 据我判定,是他而不是你该受批评. In my judgement , it is necessary to pay him a visit. 在我看来,有必要去拜望一下他.特殊提示judging from/by置于句首作状语,v-ing 形式不受主语的限制,构成独立成分. 类似的用法仍有：generally speaking 一般来说frankly speaking 坦白的说considering 考虑到to tell you the truth 说实话10 congratulatio

22、n n. 祝“贺 ”,一般要用复数形式,常与on 连用. congratulations on sth./doing sth.eg:1.Lets offer our congratulations on her success.对她的胜利表示庆贺.2.Congratulations on winning the race.庆贺你竞赛获胜.留意：表示向某人庆贺,接介词to. congratulations to sb.eg:1.Congratulations to you.庆贺你.2.Lets send our congratulations to him on winning the Nobe

23、l Prize.congratulate v.祝“贺,恭喜.道贺,向.致词 ”,congratulate sb. on sth./doing sth.eg:1.I congratulated my girlfriend on her birthday.我向女友庆贺生日.2. Let me congratulate you on the birth of your daughter.我庆贺你喜获千金.3. We congratulated him on having passed the examination.11.honourvt.敬重.给以荣誉（勉励、头衔、称号）（ 1） honour s

24、b.with sth.赐予某人荣誉,使某人感到荣幸The president honoured us with a visit.总统光临,特别荣幸（ 2） be/feel honoured to do sth.对- 感到荣幸.I was honoured to have been mentioned in his speech.他在讲话中提到了我,真是荣幸.归纳拓展honour U 敬重,敬意,荣誉.C 引以为荣的人或事物（与to 搭配） do sb. an/ the honourof doing sth.（通过做某事）使某人增光,给某人带来荣誉 give/ show honour to sb

25、.敬重,敬重 -have the honour to do sth./ of doing sth. 荣幸的做某事in honour of sb./ sth.= in one s honour为了纪念 - . 为向 - 表示敬意.庆贺- . I gave him a special present in honour of him.我给了他一件特殊的礼物,为向他表示敬意课堂训练一、依据句意以及首字母提示完成单词2、That place is dirty and s .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_3、In the city, the water pipes in some bu

26、ildings cracked and b .4、People began to wonder how long the d would last. 5、F water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. 6、Everywhere they looked nearly everything was d .7、The railway tracks were now u pieces of steel.8、Without 电,modern life would be very difficult.9、 判定 from his appea

27、rance, the manger must be over fifty.10、Dead and 受伤的 people lay everywhere after the terrible accident.二、用适当的关系代词填空1、The building wall is white is my uncle s house.2、I know the boy you are looking for. 3、Will you please lend me the very book you bought yesterday.4、The student the teacher praised at

28、the class meeting is our monitor.5、The reason comes after spring is summer.6、This is the museum we visited last Saturday.7、The boy with John is talking is my brother.8、The girl leg was broken in the earthquake was talken to the hospital immediately.9、 is mentioned above, the number of the students i

29、n senior schools is increasing.10、Don t read such books you can t understand.三、单项挑选1、We don t need to do extra work this evening. The day s work was almost now.A. at the endB. at an endC. at one endD. at our end2、I ve read all the books you gave me.A. whoB. whoseC. whomD. that3、In that big fire all

30、their houses were , so they had to build new ones.A. hurtB.harmedC. injuredD.destroyed4、The boy on the ground to me that his hen three eggs a day.A. lies; lied; laidB. lying; lied; laidC. lay; lied; lainD. lay; lying; has laid5、Alice received an invitation from her boss, came as a surprise.A. itB. t

31、hisC. whichD. that6、After the Tsunami passed away, all the villages and towns were . And no being was seen.A. in ruinB. in ruinsC. at ruinsD. for ruins7、The bus driver was badly on both legs in the traffic accident.A. woundedB. brokenC. injuredD. destroyed8、I haven t seen both of her films, but from

32、 the one I have seen I think she s a actress.A. judgingB. judgeC. judgedD. judgment9、 We need a quick reply. I see. I ll send the paper to you .A. now and thenB. sooner or laterC. just nowD. right away10、The whole world was when they learned that the quake had brought so much damage.A. concernedB. interestedC. shockedD. frustrated可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载