2022年中国矿业大学银川学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年中国矿业大学银川学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读选择Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother told us, “My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in the mo

2、rning/ However, another mother, Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made a few sandwiches.Which of the following is TRUE acco

3、rding to the passage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、Susans daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是I make 3 packed lunches every morning可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得 而知，应选项C为最正确选项。其他三项均与

4、原文意思不符。第2题【单项选择题】【2009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenpsychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxa

5、tion following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a sci

6、ence book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxa

7、tion following periods of concentration) 根据这个信息，A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第20题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did. by carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scie

8、ntists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance what will happen.A、The stock market had its worst losses everB Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heatC So experts are regularly asked to predict accuratelyD、The article w

9、as written in 1958【正确答案】C10【答案解析】第一句说的是：预测未来很重要，不能像中学生那样猜想。这一空 的关键词是experts,他们不同于中学生，他们的预测应该是较为准确的。第21题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what/s going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元

10、素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C “I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】C【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以

11、从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：“地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处。第22题【单项选择题】【2009.04 Dont trust everything you have read in the newspapers.A、whichthatC、asD、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定 语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything,应选B。第23题【单项选择题】11【概括大意】The Second World War is perhaps the most catastrophic （灾难性的） e

12、vent that mankind has ever suffered. The war affected 80 per cent of the worlds people at that time, from 61 countries, and claimed 55 million lives. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Gloomy WorldB、Worlds Worst DisasterC、The Origin of The Second World WarD、The Time of The Second World War【正确答案】B【

13、答案解析】disaster是catastrophic （灾难性的）event的另一种表达。第24题【单项选择题】Imports will be allowed in proportion exports.A、toB、forC、outD、of【正确答案】A【答案解析】in proportion to：按的比例，与成正比。第25题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the

14、 rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that is ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is often hidden from our

15、 view12D、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是:Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball., 关键词是 rarest （rare的最高级形式）与infrequently很少发生，少有表达相同的意思。第26题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other

16、 chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated si

17、tes usually require a thorough clean-up due to.A、the persistence of heavy metalsB industrially polluted soilsC、naturally polluted soilsD、 rock and soil chemistry【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金属，而且重金属很稳定，不容 易降解，所以要对重金属进行彻底的清除。答案选择A。第27题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择）But even if every large city purified and reused its

18、water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh wa

19、ter byA、heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.13C、taking salt out of it.D、drying it up.【正确答案】C【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt 艮|J take salt out。第28题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotional

20、ly we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspec

21、t of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball

22、at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration)。根据这个信息,A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文

23、，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第29题【单项选择题】【2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.14A、what B which C、when D、that 【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Now, there are about 24 million microcomputers in use in the United Statesone for

24、 every 10 citizens. It is estimated that by 1996, 61 percent ofAmerican managers will be using some sort of electronic work station.Q: At present about 10% of American citizens possess a microcomputer.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A0本段一开头就说到目前在美国大约有二千四百万台微型 电子计算机在使用中，平均每十人就拥有一台。因此此题的表述是正确的

25、。第31题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、This fear is almost 1

26、00 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、 Both of you need time to get to know each other.15【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第32题【单项选择题】Now many major e

27、mployers are beginning to demand the completion ofschool.A、more thanB、rather thanC、other thanD、better than【正确答案】A【答案解析】more than：多于，不只。句意：现在很多雇主开始不仅仅要求学 业的完成。第33题【单项选择题】【2009.04 Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A、WhatB、WhichC、ThatD、Who【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：汤姆所做的事情使得他 班里的每个同

28、学都感到吃惊。详细解答：what Tom has done指汤姆所做的事情； B哪一个；C （无词义）；D谁。第34题【单项选择题】16【阅读选择】Roxaboxen is based on the true story of a group of children, growing up in the Arizona desert. There children can be a bit wild and much free, and they play outside from dawn to dusk. The children discover the make-believe （虚假

29、的）town, built on the hill across from their neighborhood. The town, called Roxaboxen, becomes the center of their play as the children grow, but the story is not just about the time spent in Roxaboxen as young children. More than that, this book is about the way that imagination and secret places st

30、ay with us as we grow older and become a part of who we are. It is about the way that it helps us to grow into the adults that we become. What does the books name Roxaboxen refer to?A、A child.A library.C A period of time.D、A place.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选De查找细节题。短文本段中明显一句话提到,The town, called Roxaboxen,所以指的是

31、一个地方的名字。第35题【单项选择题】阅读选择】Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the trouble of searching for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do ro

32、utine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharp hours.You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will.A、help to keep your energy for the days workB help you to control your temper early in the dayC enable you to concentrate on your rou

33、tine workD、keep your energy cycle under control all day【正确答案】A17【答案解析】此题问的是因果关系。回答这一问题的关键是看懂本段的第二句和 其他句子的联系。首先要注意这一段的第一句Get off to a slow start which saves your energy,也就是说早上慢慢起床可以节省能量。紧接该句的三个句子都是 慢慢起床的具体做法。因此选项A是正确答案。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a diffe

34、rent answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War , since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and w

35、hose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. All the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT.A、he was a soldier in World War IB、he was a Swiss womans long-lost fatherC、he was bo

36、rn about a thousand years agoD、he came from Italy【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第37题【单项选择题】2007.04 The book fair has received a positive from readers.A、resultB、responseC、settlementD、solution【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。18settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解决；解答。根据句意，应该选respon

37、se。 a positive response：良好的反映。第38题【单项选择题】【2009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文：我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第3

38、9题【单项选择题】2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A、visiblyB、visuallyC、verticallyD、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选 总统职位之前是个无名人士。A显然，明显地 B外表上，直观地C垂直地， 直立地 D实际上，事实上第40题【单项选择题】19D、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同

39、位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第3题【单项选择题】2008.04 The vehicle was traveling at speeds 90 miles per hour.A、in addition to in view ofC、in excess ofD、in search of【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A. 除之外、例外；B.由看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第4题【单项选择题】【2009.04 If payment is no

40、t received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第5题【单项选择题】2008.04 New drivers are far more to have accidents than experienceddrivers.A、possibleBs likelyC、probableD、unlikely【正确答案】B【答案解析】此

41、题考查形容词辨析。句子翻译：新司机比起有经验的老司机出交 通事故的可能性要大得多。A.可能（发生、存在）的；B.有可能be likely to ; C.大概的、可能的;D不可能的 应用举例：门I do everything possible to help you.我会尽一切可能帮助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late.他有可能会晚到一会 儿。第41题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time a

42、nd much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes.Q: Power supply system was not damaged during the storm.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B0此题可译为：暴风雨中供电系统没遭到破坏。最后一句 说大风和暴雨使一些家

43、庭的供电出现了问题，与题项矛盾，应选B。第42题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the20 nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.A、It tells us not to

44、 use the injured part until it heals.These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord （脊 髓）to the brain, and back down again.C、The first message is the warning signal.D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals组成的

45、，所以紧接 着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。第43题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The Second World War is perhaps the most catastrophic （灾难性的） event that mankind has ever suffered. The war affected 80 per cent of the worlds people at that time, from 61 countries, and claimed 55 million lives. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Gl

46、oomy WorldB、Worlds Worst DisasterC、The Origin of The Second World WarD、The Time of The Second World War【正确答案】B【答案解析】disaster是catastrophic （灾难性的）event的另一种表达。第44题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Euro

47、pe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile （爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that.21A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all

48、species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere.D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧 洲委员会的研究说明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是 正确的答窠。第45题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans!