2022年初中宾语从句详细讲解教师版.docx

《2022年初中宾语从句详细讲解教师版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年初中宾语从句详细讲解教师版.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -宾语从句一、定义：在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句.在复合句中宾语从句作主句中谓语动词、介词的宾语.在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语,如：I know the man.而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语,如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_宾语从句三大块 :主句引导词从句可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1.引导宾语从句的连接词（从属连接词和连接代词）.2.宾语从句的语序.3.宾语从句的时态.二、宾语从句的引导词（连接词）作用有无意义在 从 句 中所做成分从属连接词

2、that只起连接作用无无Whether/if起连接作用有（表示是否）无连接词连 接 代What连接 +从句中做成分什么（指物）主,宾,表词Which连接 +从句中做成分哪一个（指物）主,宾,表who连接 +从句中做成分谁（指人主格）主,表whom连接 +从句中做成分谁（指人宾格）宾whose连 接 副Where连接 +从句中做成分连接 +从句中做成分谁的（指人全部格）的点定状语词When连接 +从句中做成分时间状语Why连接 +从句中做成分缘由状语How连接 +从句中做成分方式状语1.陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that 引导, that 无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略.如：可编辑资料 - -

3、 - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_My teacher said I was a good boy老.师说我是个好男孩.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_She doesn t know that she is seriouilsl.lyI am sure that he will succeed.2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if 或 whether 引导,意为 “是否”.如：(1) Is Jim a good student.I don t knowIdon t know if /whether Jim is a good student.(2) Does Kate get

4、 up early. Do you know.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early.留意：只能用whether 不用 if的三种情形.一般情形下, if和 whether 可以互换,但以下3 种情形只能用 whether：.与 or not 连用：He aske

5、d me whether or not I was coming.Let me know whether you can come or not.在介词之后：It depends on whether it is going to rain.I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.在不定式之前：We haven t decided whether to go there.I don t know whether to accept or refuse.3.假如宾语从句原先是特别疑问句,只需用原先的疑问词引导.如： 1.What is she doin

6、g.Can you tell me.Can you tell me what she is doing. 2.Where does she live. Do you know. Do you know where she lives. .宾语从句的语序必需是陈述语序句式连词语序例句陈述句That不变I think that we can be good friends.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_一般疑问句if/whether改为陈述语序I can t remember if I posted the letter.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料

7、 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_特别疑问句特别疑问词改为陈述语序Can you tell me what she is doing.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_留意事项 :一当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who 作主语时,语序不变： Whats wrong.What s the matter.Whats happening.eg:I don t know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there. .宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应1. 假如主句的时态是

8、一般现在时,宾语从句的时态依据详细情形来确定,可以是态.I don t think that you arrieght.Please tell us where we ll go fishing tomorrow. 任 何 时可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品

9、_精品资料_Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here.2. 假如主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时） .例如： 过去 时态（一般过去时,过可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.特别情形 ：1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时,仍用现在时.Dad told us that it is better to do

10、 than to say.He told the boy that three and three is six. Could you tell me where the bookshop is.2.从句中有详细时间状语,即使从句动作发生在主句动作前,仍旧用一般过去时.The teacher told me she was born in 1960.即学即练 子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句.1) These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said these flowers from Guangdong.2) Light travels fast

11、er than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me light faster than sound.3) There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn t know. Jack didn t know there a meeting in five days.4) Can they speak French. I want to know. I want to know French.5) Are the children playing games. Tell me.Tell me the

12、 children games.6) Have you finished your homework yet. Mr. Zhao asked Ma ChaoMr. Zhao asked Ma Chao homework yet.7) How many people can you see in the picture. Who knows.Who knows in the picture.8) Where did she park her car. Do you know.Do you know her car.9) What does he often talk about. The gir

13、l wondered.The girl wondered often about.10) Who knocked at the door so loudly. I don t know. I don t know at the door so loudly.11) Does he still live in that street. I dont know.I dont know he still in that street.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -

14、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -12) Whats his name. I asked him.I asked him what .13) When does the train arrive. Please tell me.Please tell me .14) Do they want fried chicken. He asked the boys. He asked the boys they fried chicken.15）Was the watch made in Shanghai. I d

15、ont know.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_I dont know 单项挑选the watch made in Shanghai.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1）I hope it will snow this winter.A.whenB.ifC.whetherD./答案： Dhope 后面应当接 that 引导的宾语从句, that 在句中没有任何意义,可以省略.2 I don t know Mr.Green will come to see us. He will help us with our English.A.whyB.whenC.how

16、D.where答案： A从下文的答语看,上文不知道的应当是“来看我们的缘由 ”.3I can t remember I have seen him before. A.whetherB.whyC.whatD.how 答案： A本句表达一种不确定的概念,用whether 或 if . 4 Do you know ？ I m going to see him. Sorry,I don t know.A.where does Mr.Li liveB.where did Mr.Li live C.where Mr.Li livesD.where Mr.Li lived答案： C宾语从句要用陈述语气,排

17、除A 、B 两项.从句意判定问的是“现在住哪儿？ ”.5 Where do you think he the compute？r Sorry,I have no idea.A. . boughtB.has.bought C.did. buyD.does. buy答案： Ado you think 是插入语,可以把它去掉,分析句意应当用应用过去时态和陈述语序. 6I can t understand he likes computer games so much.A.thatB.whetherC.whyD.where答案： C句意为 “我不懂得为什么他那么喜爱电脑嬉戏”.72022 北京中考大纲

18、卷 Do you know the MP3 player last week. Sorry,I have no idea.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -A.how much did she pay forB.how much will she pay for C.how much she paid forD.how much she wi

19、ll pay for答案： C宾语从句要用陈述语序,由此排除A 、B 两项,由 last week 判定应当用过去时态.82022 北京中考大纲卷 I don t know tomorrow.Can you tell me. A.when we startedB.when did we startC.when we will startD.when will we start答案： C由 tomorrow 判定,应当用将来时态表示.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_经典例题例 1In the bookshop,a reader asked the shop keeper was

20、an interesting book.A.thatB.howC.whatD.ifWho Moved MyCheese可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_思路解析： 留意本句中斜体部分是一本书的名字谁动了我的奶酪,本句含义是 “一个读者问书店治理员这本书是不是好玩”.所以答案是 D 项.答案： D黑色陷阱： 此题的主要陷阱是书名Who Moved MyCheese,它本身含有一个who,简单给人造成误会.绿色通道： 在英语中,留意书名一般都是斜体的,且书名的首字母是大写的,留意把它看成一个独立的完整的东西.例 2I was told Bill Gates was thirteen

21、he began to play with computers.A.that howB.how thatC.when thatD.that when思路解析：留意后面从句的含义是 “比尔盖茨十三岁的时候开头玩电脑”,应当用 when 表示“当时”,本句中的 that 是宾语从句的引导词.所以选D 项.答案： D黑色陷阱： 本句结构复杂,主要陷阱设置在when 上,它在本句中起到引导后面的时间状语的作用.绿色通道： 做此类题,要渐渐理顺思路,不要钻牛角尖,当一种含义说不通时,从另一个角度或另一个含义考虑.例 32022 江苏苏州中考 I wonder . Zebras.A.what do the

22、y call these animals B.how they call these animals C.what they call these animals D.how do they call these animals思路解析： 本句含义是 “我想知道他们叫这些动物什么”,排除 B、D 两项.另外宾语从句要用陈可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - -

23、 - - -述语序.所以选C 项.答案： C黑色陷阱： 本句简单译成 “他们怎样称呼这些动物 ”而错选 how,留意本句中隐含句型callsb. sth.含义是 “称呼某人”.绿色通道： 解答本类题第一分析句意,确定引导词,然后看好语序和时态.例 42022 北京中考 I m different from my twin sister.I love dancin,g she is interested inreading.A.soB.orC.butD.and思路解析：本句是转折关系,挑选C 项.答案： C黑色陷阱： 本句陷阱在于选项前后都是确定句形式,不细读题而误选D 项.绿色通道： 并列句主

24、要是依据句意来判定前后两句的规律关系,所以肯定要把题读完再作判定.例 52022 重庆中考 Work hard, you may catch up with your classmates soon.A.orB.butC.andD.yet思路解析： 本句是 “祈使句 and”的句型,句意为 “努力学习,你会很快赶上其他同学的”, and 在句中表示承接关系,所以选C 项.答案： C黑色陷阱： 此题的陷阱是句型,本句型区分于“祈使句 or ”,这个句型的含义是 “,不然的话 /否就”.绿色通道： 祈使句后面既可以加and,也可以加 or,所以要全面分析句意,再作打算可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载