2022年初中语法直接引语转换间接引语讲解附练习题及答案.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -直接引语与间接引语直接引语：一字不改的引用或复述别人的话,被引用或复述的部分即为直接引语.一般前后用引号, 首字母大写.间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话,被转述的部分即为间接引语.通常以宾语从句的形式 显现,不用引号.直接引语变为间接引语时,要留意人称、时态、连接词、语序以准时间状语、的点状语、指示代词及方向性动词的变化.一、 人称变化直接引语是第一人称变为间接引语时,一般要变为第三人称.其次人称变为与主句的间接宾语相一样的人称（假如没有间接宾语,可依据上下文的体会确定一个人称）.第三人称一般不转变.例如

2、He told me,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_I ll give you a book when I meet you again.二、 时态的变化 He told me he would give me a book when he met me again.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_假如主句是过去式态,变为间接引语时应向前推一个时态.即一般现在时- 一般过去式,现在进行时- 过去进行时,现在完成时-过去完成时,一般过去时-过去完成时,过去进行时- 过去进行时,一般将来时-过去将来时 ,现在完成进行时-过去完成进行时,过去完成时-过去完成时,过去

3、完成进行时-过去完成进行时.等.例如She wondered: When willthe meeting begin. She wondered when the meeting wouldbegin.但在以下几种情形下,间接引语的时态不用变化.1、当直接引语表示的是客观真理或常常性的特点时.例如She said, The earth goes around the sun .-She said that the earth goes around the sun.2、当直接引语中有肯定详细的过去时间作状语时,保持原先的一般过去时.例如 He said, I left home in 1942

4、. He said he left home in 1942.注：间接引语中的谓语动词有时需要适当的调整.Say 后的直接引语表示陈述或命令时可变为ask; say 后的直接引语表示恳求或询问时可变为ask.例如 The teacher said to me, I have seen your book. The teachertold me that she had seen my book.三、连接词的挑选1、陈述句陈述句转化为间接引语时用that 引导,也可省略that.主句谓语动词可用直接引语中的said, 也可用 told 来代替,可以说said that,said to sb. t

5、hat, told sb. that,不行以直接说told that. 主句中的谓语仍常有 repeat, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think,等.例如 Danny said , I come from Canada. Danny said that he came from Canada.2、 疑问句 直接引语是疑问句变为间接引语时要用陈述语序.主句的动词常用ask,wonder,want to know 等.1、一般疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句时变为间接引语须用if 或 whether 引导.例如She asked me,Is h

6、e a teacher. She asked me if/whether he was a teacher.2 、挑选疑问句或反意疑问直接引语是挑选疑问句需用or;反意疑问句需用or not 变为间接引语时要用whether 而不用 if. 例如 My brother asked me, Is Tom tall or short. My brother asked me whether Tom wastall or short. You are reading,aren ht eyosuaid to me. He asked me whether I was reading or not.3、

7、特别疑问句当直接引语为特别疑问句变为间接引语时,常变成与疑问句同形的连接词引导的宾语从句,用陈述语序,问号变句号.例如 What do you want to eat. he asked me.He asked me what I wanted to eat.3、祈使句直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语时,要用不定式表示,使其成为ask /tell /order sb not to do sth句型.例如 Dont openthe door. he said to her. He asked her not to open the door.4、感叹句感叹句变为间接引语时可用what 或 how 引

8、导,也可用that 引导.例如He said, What a lovely day it is. He said what a lovely day it was. He said that it was a lovely day.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -四、语序的变化当直接引语是疑问句变为间接引语时要用陈述语序,即连接词+主语 +

9、动词的形式.例如 Where are you going. he asked me. He asked me where I was going. 但当直接引语中特别疑问词作主语时,语序不变.例如 He asked,“Who is your brother. H”e asked who was my brother.五、时间状语、的点状语、指示代词及方向性动词的变化.now then today that day yesterday the day before last might the night before two days ago two days before next week

10、 the next week tomorrow the next day the day after tomorrow in two days time 或者 two days afterhere there this that these those come go bring take例如 He said, I did my homework yesterday. He said he had done his homework the day before.六、情态动词的变化can couldmust had to 或者 mustwill wouldshall shouldmay mig

11、ht一、单项挑选： 1. He asked for the computer.A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2.“ Have you seen the film.” he asked me. He asked me .A. had I seen the film B. have the filmC. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film 3.“ Please close the window

12、,” he said to me. He me the window.A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked; to close D. said to; please close 4.“ I am a teacher,” Jack said. He said .A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher 5. He said,“ Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He ver

13、y naughty.A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy isC. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy is 6.“ You ve already got well, haven t you.” she asked. or not. She asked A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got

14、wellC. have I already got well D. had I already got well 7. He asked,“ Are you a Party meLmebaegruoer ma ember. ” He askmeed .A. am I a Party member or a League memberB. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League me

15、mber 8. He asked,“ How are you getting along.” He asked .A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting alongC. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along 9. He asked me with me.A. what the matter is B. what the matter isC. what se tmh atter D. what was wrong 10. He said,“ Don t do that ag

16、ain.” He a_gamine. thatA. said to; not to do B. said to; donC. toldt; ddoon t do D. told; not to do二、直接引语转换间接引语1. “ I saw a note on my desk.” she said.2. Mother said,I ll“go to the park tomorrow.”3. He said to me,“ Your brother broke it.” 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共

17、5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_4. Tom said,“ My sister was here three days ago.”5. “ We stayed there for two weeks.” she told me.6. She said,“ I have given up smoking.”7. “ We ve known each other for about three years.” the young man told him.8. “ I haven t seen her these days.” he s

18、aid.9. “ Mother gave me a new book as a present yesterday.” Mary said.10. “ Do you like English or Chinese.” the teacher asked me.11. “ What did you do yesterday.” she asked me.12. “ Would you like an apple.” mother asked me.13. “ Don t open the door.” she said to me.14. “ Come here early tomorrow.”

19、 the teacher said to us.15. “ Did you go to the cinema last night.” she asked.16. “ Keep the door closed.” the oldtomuasn. said17. “ Did you go there by train or by bus.” the teacher asked.18. “ They are playing on the playground.” Jim said.三、在横线上填上合适的词1. He exclaimed how lovely the house .2. We did

20、n t know she hadn t handed in the paper.3. The monitor the five of us to clean the floor yesterday afternoon.4. Anderson told us his father had just returned from Shanghai.5. She us to help the old woman in our village that day.6. My father asked me was the matter when he came back.7. That fellow al

21、ways me clean his shoes for him.8. Tom said that he in the army for three years.9. What did Alice say just now. She said that would borrow that dictionary form Mary.10. I wonder she can attend my party this evening.四、 单项挑选1. Right now, the boss ordered John to hand in his design .A. this afternoon B

22、. this afternoon C. today D. that day2. Jimmy her if she had seen him there that afternoon. A. said toB. askedC. toldD. ask3. Uncle Wang ordered us tohis house at once. A. come out ofB. comeC. go out ofD. go4. The road is covered with snow. I can t understand they insist on g-obinikge.by motorA. why

23、B. whetherC. whenD. how5. Chen Qiang told Mr. Smith that the People s Republic of China in October 1,1949.A. foundedB. had been foundedC. foundD. was founded6. She said to me that might keep book for two days.A. she; thisB. I; thatC. I; thisD. you; this7. In order to choose the right one, she first

24、asked me I want to use a dictionary for.A. whatB. whyC. howD. whether可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_8. Customers are asked to make sure that they the right change before leaving the shop.A. will giveB. have been given C. have givenD. will be given9. Linda shouted that you your homework ahead of her.A. fini

25、shedB. would finishC. had finishedD. have finished10. My girlfriend asked me I knew it was her birthday that day or not.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. what五、 巩固练习：1、He asked, Is the door open or closed. He asked .2、She said, I have left my coat in your room.She said . 3、She said, I wrote to my friends ye

26、sterday. She said . 4、Mother asked me, When will you be back next time.Mother asked me . 5、The teacher told the students, The earth is round.The teacher told the students . 6 、 The guard said to Lenin, Please show me your pass. The guard asked Tom . 7、Danny said , Are you leaving today or tomorrow,

27、Ling Ming.Danny asked Li Ming . 8、He said , My sister was here two days ago, but she is not here now He said , but was not there then.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_参考答案： 一、单项挑选1-5 DDCDCBDCDD二、直接引语转换间接引语参考答案1. She said that she had seen a note on her desk.2. Mother said that she would go to the park the ne

28、xt day.3. He told me that my brother had broken it.4. Tom said that his sister had been there three days before.5. She told me that they had stayed there for two weeks.6. She said that she had given up smoking. 7. The young man told himthat they had known each other for about three years.8. He said

29、that he hadn t seen her those da9. Mary said that her mother had given her a new book as a present the day before.10. The teacher asked me whether I liked English or Chinese.11. She asked me what I had done the day before.12. Mother asked me if/whether I would like an apple.13. She asked me not to o

30、pen the door.14. The teacher told us to go there early the next day.15. She asked whether/if I had gone to the cinema the night before.16. The old man told me us to keep the door closed.17. The teacher asked whether we had gone there by train or by bus.18. Jim said that they were playing on the play

31、ground.三、在横线上填上合适的词1. Was2. why/ that3. asked/ ordered4. that5. advised /asked / ordered 6. what7.lets / has / makes8. had been / had served9. she10.if / whether四、 单项挑选1-5DBCAD6-10BABCA五、 巩固练习：答案： 1. if the door was open or closed2. she had left her coat in my room3. that she had written to her friends the day before 4 .when I would be back the next time 5. that the earth is round 6 .to show him his pass7 .whether he was leaving that day or the next day 8. his sister had been there two days before ,she .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载