2021-2022学年沪教牛津版九年级（上）英语寒假作业（二）.docx

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1、202L2022学年沪教牛津版九年级(上)英语寒假作业(二).词汇应用(共5小题)1. Tlie ability ( express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.2. When she was alone at home, Mary needed a friend with whom (play) with.3. I was afraid (talk) back lo my customers because 1 was afraid of (lose) them.4. We dont mind (work) hard, but we

2、 do mind being ignored.5. Professor Wang is a popular lecturer, because he is very (humour).一 .完形填空(共1小题)I have invented robots which improve the work of cars. My love of making things began (1)I was a kid. I really became excited about inventing after I learned about Thomas Edison.One day in fourth

3、 grade, our (2) gave us a pnycct in class. Wc had to write lo a company and Icam about the pnxiucts- I thought and thought. (3) I chose the Thomas A. Edison Company. Soon after, the company sent me a book about the life of Tiiomas Edison. How I enjoyed reading and rc - reading about his (4)!I like t

4、he recorded sound and the electric light most. The inventions were clearly printed on my brain.My dad noticed my interest in inventing and(5) me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and then into new things. Once, I surprised my dad (6) a model plane I made. Later, we found a (7) model plan

5、e in a store. I learned that different inventors often invent similar things. It is not unusual fbr this to happen. I also learned that not all great ideas (8) . Failure is a common part of the inventing.As my father and I worked together. I began to realize that my dad was quite an inventor himself

6、. He was always (9)a better way to do a simple job. His guiding hands, together with my (10) in inventing,led me to become an engineer and an inventor. Of course. I also thank Thomas Edison. He is my hero.(1 ) A. beforeB. afterC. whenD. until(2) A. parentB. teacherC. inventorD. engineer(3) A. Easily

7、B. FinallyC. SafelyD. Quickly(4) A. lightsB. projectsC. suggestionsD. inventions(5) A. mistookB. refusedC. choseD. encouraged(6) A. withB. aboutC. intoD. from(7) A. differentB. similarC. largeD. small(8) A. workB. failC. comeD. end(9) A. looking atB. looking forC. looking afterD. looking through(10)

8、 A. habitB. storyC. interestD. plan三.阅读理解(共2小题)6. It is believed that Huck Finn is based on (基于)a childhood friend of Mark Twains. In fact. Twain was not alone in basing a fictional character (虚构的角色)on a real - life person.Severus Snape / John NettleshipSeverus Snape is a skillful wizard (巫师D teachi

9、ng magic in Harry Potler. Tlie writer. J. K. Rowling, once said that the character was based on a teacher of hers.The teacher turned out to be John Nettleship. who taught Rowling chemistry. At first. Nettleship felt surprised. I know I am a strict teacher. he said. But I dont think I am as bad as Sn

10、ape! On second thoughts, however, he said that he was so ill -【empcred that most of his students avoided making him mad. Also, he used to wear long hair and have an untidy lab. That sounds familiar to Harry Potter ians.Alice / Alice Liddell力的综合考查.考查方式有首字母填空（如武汉、上海等）：适当形式填空（如山东、四川等）：词语运用题（如 河南等）；等等.2

11、.记叙文【概念及特点】完形填空题就是在一篇短文中空出某些词（或短语），每个空白处提供四个选项，要求从中选出一个最正确答案， 使短文意思完整、结构合理、无语法错误的题型.完形填空是在单项填空的基础上开展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型.它题材广泛，体裁多样.文 章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强，具有鲜明的时代感，包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等.而夹叙 夹议型文章成为近几年完形填空变化的一个特点.篇章大多有10或15个小题，难度符合新课程标准的要求.完形填空题的特点：I、完形填空题能够较为全面地考查学生综合运用语占知识的能力.这一题型的主要考查内容为：（1）语言知识型.考查语言基

12、础知识，如固定短语、基本句型、基础语法、单词在一定语境下的具体应用、习 惯用法、常用搭配等.（2）推理判断型.考查对篇章的整体理解和推理判断能力.（3）综合型.综合考查知识和能力.2.完形填空题所选文章有以下两大特点：（1）所选文章是-个有机的整体尽管看起来形式上有残缺（假设干个空），但它的内容、句与句之间的衔接点、句 子与段落之间的联系、段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍存在F篇章之中.（2）文章选材广泛近几年在试题设计上选择了学生感兴趣的热门话题，降低了对单词本身词义及语法的考查，注重上卜文联系，突 出综合运用英语的能力，全面测试考生的阅读理解能力、逻辑思维能力、逻辑分析能力和推理判断能力.因此，

13、 考生做完形填空题时，要快速通读全文，理解文章大意与各段落的中心意思，把握文章脉络和作者的写作意图.【命题趋势】 完形填空题的两空之间股相隔7- 10个词，短文第个句子作为提示句，般不设空，并且短文被删去的词多 是实词（动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词）为主，而虚词（介词、连词、冠词）相对较少，甚至不设空.其特点如下：1 .以考查实词为主信息词汇（或通常所说的“实词）比重极大，且有逐年增加的趋势.2 .降低了对单词本身词义的考查要求突出该题型的主要测试目的：理解全文，通篇考虑，掌握大意，注意关联.3 .增加了考查连词的题考查考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及对文句之间关联性的理解.4 .注重结合语境考查对

14、词语用法的掌握主要涉及两个方面：词义辨析与习惯搭配.同义词与近义词的比拟分辨应当放到一定的语境之中才有意义.如果 只是一一对应地记单词的中文意思，不注意具体语境中单词确实切含义，是难以分辨一些词的细微差异的.【解题步骤】.通读全文，了解大意做题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的个步骤.通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及 相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓.完形填空题不同丁单项填空题，单项填空题所给的是一个或两个句子，根据设空句或前后语境就可以选出答案.而 完形填空题所给的是一篇意思完整的短文，答案的选择要联系整段或整篇文章.切勿为了省时而边看边填：否那么, 只会欲速那么

15、不达.许多地方看不卜去，选择时或不解其意，或似懂非懂，从而举棋不定，这样不仅错误率高，而 且费时费力.每篇短文总有一定的主题思想，段落之间必须能承上启卜.，前后呼应，句与句之间也一定紧密相连，形成一个有 机的整体.因此通读全文时要一气呵成，不要中断思路，只要能理解短文的大意即可.某些细节不理解可以跳过, 如果不影响答题，可以置之不理；如果与答题有关，可等到第二步填空时再解决.另外，在阅读时要特别注意一 篇文章的开头和结尾，因为它们往往能够提供主要的信息，有助于我们把握全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想.1 .瞻前顾后,初选答案在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题.根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并

16、从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意 前后对照，凭借语感先选出比拟容易的答案.有些题目设计得很巧妙，由下文暗示上文，很有可能开头的空格填 入四个选项在语法上都成立，但正确选项要到文章末尾才能知道.反之亦然，文章末尾的空格有可能在上文找到 提示性的内容.2 .每空细读，分析斟酌逐句精读，逐题分析选项，有少数空格需多方面地推敲分析，如词义分析、语法结构分析、上下文推理分析等， 下面是从所给四个选项角度考虑的解题思路：（I）假设考杳冠词，那么须依据短文空白后单词的第一个音素来确定是用a还是an,根据空格后名词是表示特指还 是泛指来确定是用不定冠词a/an还是用定冠词the,或根据冠词的习惯用法来确定.（2）

17、假设是考查介诃或副词（如up, out, of, away等）可先从固定搭配入手：假设不属于固定搭配，那么根据句子 结构及介词和副词的意义及用法仔细进行推敲从而作出选择.（3）假设四个选项是名词，那么须注意名词的单复数形式、所有格形式等.orts getbetter scores in school than those who dont. Exercise gets students to learn, remember things and concentrate (专心) better.(4) When they are working together with others to w

18、in games and reach goals, theyre learning how to besuccessful in practice. And these skills will be useful to them for study or their future work.Playing sports can also improve confidence. Students who play sports feel better about themselves. When they know they can improve and reach their goals b

19、y practicing, (5) And sports can also help them communicate with othersactively and make new friends.Now. how about going out to play sports with your friends every day ?A. it builds their confidence.B. Here are three more reasons.C. Some students like playing basketball.D. Others think it can help

20、students have fun.E. Some people think that doing exercise will take up (占据)students study here.F. Students who play sports develop their teamwork spirits and learn problem - solving skills.这是一道6选5的选句补全短文题.在答题时，我们要先细读选项确定各个选项的意思，心里有个初步概念.第二步我们要通读全文，在通读过程中就可以考虑选项位置.第三步需要先易后难来确定答案：根据设空处(5)前面是逗点，可知其后并不

21、是个大写字母开头的句子，只有 A项合适;(1)空处前面有some正好可与others形成惯用法，someothers，可选D项;(2)空前有问句 why,可找其对应词reasons,选B； (3)处可卜.文中的转折关系推知此处是说做运动不好的地方，只有E项符合 题意：(4)是段首设空，可能是段落中心句，根据后文中working logeiher对应选项F中的leamwork spiriis, be successful in practice 对应选项 F 中 problem - solving skills 可知应选 F.答题的最后一步，我们需要回读文章确定答案是否正确.【解题技巧】抓住过渡

22、词，看住上下句；盯紧横线的前后词语.如果问题设在段首，有以下三种情况：A.通常是段落的主题句，需认真阅读后文内容，根据段落致性原那么, 查找相关的词，推断出主题句：B.与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等；段落间的过渡句，这时要照前顾后找启 示，结合上卜文看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来.如果问题设在段尾，需要考虑：A.空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词：B.通常是结 论，概括性语句：C.与前文是转折或比照关系，此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折比照的关联词；D.与前文 是并列或排比关系，根据段落一致性原那么，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词；E.所选答案是引出卜一段的内 容：如果第一段

23、的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题.【中考命题方向】选句补全短文是中考中的常见题型之一，近年来题目难度也有所增大.考查方式上常见的有7选5, 5选5,也 有些省份甚至从句子还原升级到了段落还原.这就要求考生在平时要加大阅读量，培养一定的语感，在平时练习 时总结出合适自己的答题技能，以不变应万变.5.语法填空【考查能力介绍】语法填空分为纯空格语法填空和单词的适当形式填空.对介词、连词、代词、冠词、从句引导词、情态动词等 的考查一般是纯空格形式考查；对谓语动词、非谓语动词、名词、形容词、副词、形容词或副词的比拟级或最高 级等的考查般是根据提示词填写单词的适当形式：也有给出音标或汉语提示

24、的填空题出现.语法填空主要考查考生阅读理解的能力、分析句子结构的能力和熟练运用语法的能力.【解题方法点拨】快速地阅读全文，从整体上掌握文章大意；再次阅读全文，先易（固定词组、常见句型或明显的语法结构）后难（名词、动词、形容词、副词，注意联系 上下文），确定语义，判断词形.：三读全文，上下参照，验证答案：看上、下文内容姑否协调致、顺理成章：语法结构是否正确无误.解题步骤（以题为例）World famous scientist Stephen Hawking (霍金)died (1) _che age of seventy - six in his home in Cambridge, Engla

25、nd on March 14. British Prime Minister Theresa May said Hawking was one of (2) _ (great) scientists of his time. She also said. His achievements will not (3) _ (forget).Hawking was one of the most respected scientists in the modern history of (4) _flzlks|. Because of an uncommon disease (疾病) he was

26、kept to a wheelchair. 5) the disease did not stop Hawking from studying. He used every new day that life offered (6) _ (continue) his research of the universe (宇宙). He said, Where there is life, there is hope. He developed (7) _way of thinking about problems in his mind lo reach a solution.This way

27、of thinking has led to his important discoveries. He was( 8)_(one) person to present the idea of some special energy in the universe. At the same time, Hawking tried to explain many of these difficult (9) _ (science) ideas to more people. He( 10)_( write) several popular science books, including the

28、 bestseller A Brief History of Time which made him a household (家喻户晓的)name.Stephen Hawking spent his whole life understanding the universe. He is, no doubt, a legendary (传奇的)scientist of all time.这是个设有10个空的语法填空题，其中有3个空无提示.我们可以这样解题：首先，快速阅读全文，了解文章大意.其次，我们需要在理解全文内容的基础上开始答题.(1)空是个固定搭配，at the age of.(5)空

29、前后句衣转折， 空后有逗号,应该用副词however,句苜苜字母大写；(7)空后是个名词,前需加冠同，非特指用a；根据 先易后难的顺序一填入答案.最后，把所填答案带入原文通读，凭语感和所学知识判断是否正确.【解题技巧】有提示词填空的解题技巧：A.要考虑是否填名词的复数形式以及该名词的形容词、副词形式.B.如果填空处是谓语，要考虑时态、语态和动词的第三人称单数；如果填空处是非谓语，根据对句子成分的分 析和对语境的理解，要考虑填iodo、doing还是done,同时，也要考虑该动作发生时间的先后以及与主语的关系 （是主动关系还是被动关系），并填写相应的形式；在平时的模拟题中，布时还要根据句意填写该

30、动词的名词形 式，甚至是形容词或者副词形式.无提示词填空的解题技巧：A.代词：这类设空比拟少，通常是根据句子意思填一个与语境相关的代词：B.冠词：如果设空处后面是名词，那么可以考虑是否要填冠词，再根据句子意思分析是特指还是泛指，并填上 合适的冠词，在一些固定搭配中也会涉及冠词：C.介词：这类设空般比拟简单，主要涉及动词短语中的介词搭配、形容词短语中的介词搭配以及些固定的 介词短语.【中考命题方向】中考中语法填空题更侧重对文章整体的把握，各地设空多少不一，大多是10空，在考试中考查最多的是谓语动 词、非谓语动词和此类转换，其他语法比重虽不及这三个，但多少均有涉及，考牛.可以在平时的学习中进行专题

31、 训练，牢牢把握常见的13种基本语法.Famously. Lewis Carrolls Alice in Alices Adventures in Wonderland is based on Alice Liddell.Carroll was close to the Liddell family. One day, len - year - old Alice asked Carroll lo tell her a new story. Carroll began to crcalc his lanious talc of Alice and what happened after she

32、 fell through the rabbit hole. The little girl liked the story so much that she asked him to write it down. And the rest is history.Dill / Truman CapoteIn To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee based Dill on her childhood friend. Truman Capote. Capote once said, Lee was my best friend. Have you ever read

33、 To Kill a Mockingbird? Im a character in that story!The story takes place just in the town where we lived!Snape and Nettleship have something in common EXCEPT .A. their jobstheir looksB. their hobbiesWhat does the underlined word ill - tempered mean in Paragraph 3? A.沉着冷静的B.优柔寡断的C.脾气暴躁的What made Ca

34、rroll decide to create Alices Adventures in Wonderland? A. Alice LiddcHs requirement.B. His great interest in rabbits.C. His experience of travelling.(1) Being a character of To Kill a Mockingbird, Truman Capote felt A. proudB. unsatisfiedC. surprised(2) The text is mainly about .A. purposes of writing fictional storiesB. introductions to famous writers childhood friendsC. characters of fictional stories from real - life personsChinas highly - respected translator and writer Yang Jiang passed away on 25 May. 2016 in Beijing, aged 105.Yang Jiang was born