2022年高考英语阅读理解不同体裁阅读方法记叙文 .docx

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1、精品_精品资料_英语阅读懂得不同体裁阅读方法记叙文不同体裁的文章,作者的写作手法不同,表达的方式千差万别.体裁不同,要求使用的阅读方法也不一样. 因此, 把握不同体裁的文章的阅读方法有助于我们提高阅读效率、加深对文章的懂得、提高阅读速度.下面分别谈谈记叙文、说明文、谈论文、应用文的阅读方法和技巧.第一节 记叙文的阅读方法记叙文叙述的是发生在当前或过去或将来事情的经过.简而言之,记叙文就是讲故事,包括人物或故事情节. 常见的记叙文依据其用途可分为文学记叙文和说明记叙文：文学记叙文以虚构为主,如趣闻逸事、传奇、寓言、传奇故事、短篇小说、科幻小说等.说明记叙文以事实为依据,包括历史、传记、新闻报道、

2、日记等.无论哪一种记叙文作者都要交代何人何时何的为什么、怎么样、干了何事等等,这也就是我们常说的5Ws and 1H.这是我们在阅读记叙文时要第一明白的,接着依据线索弄清事情的来龙去脉,就能懂得整个故事.特殊值得留意的是： 记叙文的叙事次序有顺叙和倒叙两种,有时候作者为了吸引读者会采纳倒叙的方法, 即不依据事情进展的先后次序来表达,而是从最重要、 最能引人入胜的大事开头, 然后再回过头来追叙故事的开端和经过.阅读时要学会从事情本身的进展去懂得故 事情节而不要只看大事在文中显现的先后位置.另外,讲故事必定有其目的：或证明某一理论,或阐明某一概念,或赞扬某种美德,或声讨某种罪责等等. 我们在阅读时

3、要通过作者的重要细节描写联系故事情节去领悟作者的意图,对作者重墨泼就的细节描写要重点关注.概括起来一句话： 读记叙文的关键是抓情节.抓住了故事情节, 就懂得了文章的脉络, 其他的就迎刃而解了.下面请阅读一篇记叙文,看看你能不能抓住故事的主要情节.05 浙江卷 A 篇Compassion is a desire within us to help others With effort, we can translate compassion intoaction An experiencelastweekendshowed me thisis true I workpart -timein a

4、supermarket across from a building for the elderlyThese old people are our main customers,and its not hard to lose patience over their slowness But last Sunday, one aged gentlemanappeared to teach me a valuable lesson This untidy man walked up to my register 收款机 with a box of biscuits He said he was

5、 out of cash现金 , had just moved into his room, and had nothing in his cupboards He asked if we could let him have the food on trust He promised to repay me the next day I couldnt help staring at him I wondered what kind of person he had been ten or twentyyears before, and what he would be like if lu

6、ck had gone his wayI had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul, all alone in the world I told him that I was sorry, but store rules didnt allow me to do so I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my jobJust then, another man, standing behind the first, spoke up If anything, he lo

7、oked morepitiable Charge it to me, was all he said What I had been feeling was pity Pity is soft and safe and easy Compassion, on the otherhand, is caring in action I thanked the second man but told him that was not allowed either Then I reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself I reac

8、hed into my pocket because these two men had reached into my heart and taught me compassion.解析： 故事采纳顺叙的叙事方法, 主要情节进展如下： One aged gentleman begged me to可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_have the food on trust and promised to repay the next day.- I told him the store rules didnt allow me to do so.- Anotherman wa

9、ntedme to charge the food to him. -I paid for the biscuits myself. 作者用第一人称叙述自己亲身经受的这段故事,让人觉得亲切可信,同时也增强了文章的感染力.作者说自己通过这段故事学会了compassion怜悯,事实上也是在号召读者多伸出怜悯之手,共建和谐社会.抓住了故事的情节,明白了作者的写作意图.再来做懂得题, 就简单多了.请看看下面几道懂得题：41. The aged gentleman who wanted to buy the biscuits.A. promised to obey the store rulesB. f

10、orgot to take any money with himC. hoped to have the food first and pay laterD. could not afford anything more expensive42. Which of the following best describes the old gentleman.A kind and luckyB poor and lonelyC friendly and helpful D hurt and disappointed43. The writer acted upon the store rules

11、 because.A. he wanted to keep his present jobB. he felt no pity for the old gentlemanC. he considered the old man dishonestD. he expected someone else to pay for the old man44. What does the writer learn from his experience.A. Wealth is more important than anything else.B. Helping others is easier s

12、aid than done.C. Experience is better gained through practice.D. Obeying the rules means more than compassion.参考答案： CBAB【实战演练练习十六】 05 天津卷C 篇The house was quiet at 5 A m. and Tims mother was asleep. Only the sound of the big freezer broke the quiet. Hed dreamt of the cave last night. The purring 稍微颤抖

13、声 of the freezer had been the sea .Tim pulled on a sweater and put some apples into his schoolbag. It was too early forbreakfast. Hed eat after hed been through the cave, sitting on the rocks and staring at the seA He wished he had a proper pack. His schoolbag would have to do. What else. Sandwiches

14、 but his mother might wake up if he started pulling out bread for sandwiches, shed want to know why he had to leave so early. He settled for some biscuits, and left a note stuck to the table.Gone to Michaels Back tonight . Tim .The sky was high and soft and light outside, though the sun still wasnt

15、up. Even the highway up the hill was quiet as he made his way down the street. The wind from the sea was fresh and sweet.The sandhills still breathed heat from yesterdays sun, though the top of the sand was cool.He ran down to the beach impatiently, but there was no one, just dry sand dancing in the

16、 early wind and seabirds marching up and down watching the waves.The light changed suddenly. The first rays of sunlight stretched 延长 across the sea . Thesun was pushing its way over the edge of the world可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Over the first rocks, along to the point. Tim glanced back. The beach was

17、 still empty. The sun sailed higher in the sky.He could see the cave now, even darker in the morning light. The sand turnedsilver thendark gold as the water flowed away from it. He had to force himself to go closer. Why was it so much more mysterious 神奇 now. But it would be silly to go back now afte

18、r so much trouble. He neednt go in all the way43. What did Tim do at the beginning of the story.A He left the house quietly. B He had breakfast at home.C He left a note on the freezer. D He put a sweater in his schoolbag.44. He settled for some biscuits in Paragraph 3 means that Tim.A. had to leave

19、the biscuits on the table .B. liked biscuits better than sandwichesC. had to take biscuits instead of sandwichesD. could only find some biscuits in the kitchen45. What made it possible for Tim to see the entry to the cave.A. The height of the first rocks.B. The ups and downs of the waves.C. The chan

20、ge in the position of the sun.D. The vast stretch of the sunlit beach.46. Whish of the following statements is TRUE according to the story.A. The sea looked like a piece of gold B. Seabirds flew away when Tim arrived C. Tim was the only person on the beach.D. The sky got dark as Tim reached the cave

21、.47. In the story , Tims mood 心情 changed from.A loneliness to craziness B anxiousness to excitementC helplessness to happinessDeagerness to nervousness【实战演练练习十七】 05 上海卷B 篇Come in. Kim. Have a seat, please. said Bill Williams,the manager. This was Kims first experience with an assessment. After only

22、six months he was due for a raise if this assessmentwas satisfactory.Kim, began Bill Williams. I am very pleased with the quality of your work. I have nothing but praise for your devotion and your hard work. My only concern is that you are not active enough in putting forward your suggestions.But, R

23、eplied Kim, I have always completedevery assignment you have given me. Mr.Williams.I know that, Kim. And please, call me Bill. But what I expect is for you to think independentlyand introduce new ideas. I need more input from you more feedback on how things are going I dont need a yes man. You never

24、 tell me what you think. You just smile as though everything isfine.But, said Kim, I feel that since you are my superior, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.Im notasking you totellme whatto do, butwhatyou think we could do. To makesuggestions. I employed you because I respect your

25、 experience in this field, but you are not可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_communicating your thoughts to me.Yes. I see Im not accustomed to this, but I will try to do as you say , BillGood, then, I expect to hear more from you at staff meetings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me.Yes, o

26、f course. Thank you Mr. WillBill.69. Kim is the sort of employee who.A does not speak out his own ideasB is not devoted to the jobC laughs too much over workD can not finish his work on time70. The word presumptuous in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to.A full of respectBtoo confiden

27、t and rudeC lacking in experienceD too shy and quiet71. From the passage, we can learn that.A. Kim has been invited to take charge of the staff meetingsB. the manager appreciates those who just do what he tells them to doC. the manager is pleased with Kims hard work and his suggestionsD. Kim is like

28、ly to have a higher salary if he can pass the assessment【实战演练练习十八】 06 安徽卷B 篇People fell in love with Elizabeth Taylor in 1944, when she starred in National Velvet-the story of Velvet Brown, a young girl who wins first place in a famous horse race, At first, the producers of the movie told Taylor tha

29、t she was too small to play the part of Velvet. However,they waited for her for a few months as she exercised and trained and added three inches toher height in four months.Her acting in National Velvet is still considered the best by a child actress.Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932 Her p

30、arents, both Americans, had moved therefor business reasons. When World war II started, the Taylor moved to Beverly Hills, California, and there Elizabeth started acting in movies. After her success as a child star, Taylor had no trouble moving into adult 成人 roles and won twice for Best Actress: But

31、terfield81960 and Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf . 1966Taylors fame名声 and popularity gave her a lot of power with the movie industry, so shewas able to demand very high pay for her movies. In 1963, she received $1 million for her part in Cleopatra the highest pay received by any star up to that time.

32、Elizabeth Taylor is a legend 传奇人物 of our time. Like Velvet Brown in National Velvet, shehas been lucky, she has beauty, fame and wealth. But she is also a hard worker. Taylor seldomacts in movies any more. Instead, she puts her time and efforts into her businesses, and into helping others several ye

33、ars ago, she founded an organization that has raised more than $40 million for research and education.60. The producers didntlet Taylor play the part of Velvet at first because they thoughtshe.A was small in sizeBwas too youngC did not play well enoughD did not show much interest61. What Elizabeth T

34、aylor and Velvet Brown had in common was that they were both.A popular all their livesB famous actressesC suecessful when very youngDrich and kind -hearted62. Taylor became Best Actress at the age of.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A 12B 28C 31D3463. In her later life , Elizabeth Taylor devoted herself to.A. doing business and helping othersB. turning herself into a legendC. collecting money for the poorD. going about research and education work可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载