2022年北京语言大学网络教育学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年北京语言大学网络教育学院自考英 语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process i

2、s already in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D、 drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt 即 take salt out。第2题【单项选择题】2010.04 By the end

3、of next year the bridge.A、is to completeB、has been completedC、will be completedD will have been completed【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】到明年年底之前，这座桥修建将完成。【试题分析】此题 考查语法。【详细解答】动词时态。by the end of到时为止；在之前。将来 完成时态，用于表达在将来某时间以前已经完成的动作。第19题【单项选择题】2009.10 he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、

4、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第20题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability（不可预矢口）fact

5、or of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另U歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD、 its connection with humans【正确答案】c

6、【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第21题【单项选择题】2010.04 There is something wrong with my mobile phone. I must have itA、repair10B、to repair C repairing D、repaired 【正确答案】D 【答案解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。选择过去分词作宾语补语，表示被动 以及动作的完成。【译文】我的手机有毛病了，我一定要修好它（手机）。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Technology is a bea

7、uty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。这段提到了 technology是一种美的享受，但是没有说它 是一种艺术，更没有说我们每个人都热爱这门艺术。第23题【单项选择题】2009.04 This is the first

8、 time that a woman has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC、pointedD、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：此题考查 词义辨析。团详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。11第24题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently

9、 from children in school:, For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions a

10、bout satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.B、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quit

11、e often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. 【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第25题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB、set ba

12、ckC、set asideD、set up【正确答案】c【答案解析】译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精力于她面前的任务。试题 分析：此题考查短语意义辨析。回详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于 之后、延迟；C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第26题【单项选择题】122009.04 If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯

13、；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第27题【单项选择题】【概括大意Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients （滋养）to travel to all our organs. Water

14、also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Ounces of Water Needed Per DayB、Importance of WaterC、Water in Our BodyD、The Function of Water【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过介绍水在我们身体里的含量、水存在身体的那些部位及水的一 些功能来证明水的重要性。因此选择Bo第28题【单项选择题】【概括大意】 It i

15、s often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.The main i

16、dea of this paragraph is.13A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Development in LiteratureB、Origins of Science FictionC、The Theme of Science FictionD、Science Fiction Has a Short History【正确答案】B【答案解析】从第一段话可以看出这段文字介绍了科普小说的起源。因此选择Bo第29题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】You consider that you cant find your place in your own cou

17、ntry, so you risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be moments when you cant stand the loneliness anymore, the strangers around you, or your job. But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you

18、are the only one to be blamed.When you are lonely in a foreign country, you should.A、change your decisionB、blame your parents for itC、stick to your decision and go onD、make more friends【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co根据文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go

19、 on可知答案。作者认为你出国 后可能会面临各种困难，面对周围的陌生人、工作，你可能会感到孤独，但是仔 细想想这个决定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后继续。第30题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】 Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may cr

20、eate its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to14 maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions

21、change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability.A、to create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemi

22、calsD、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第31题【单项选择题】2008.04 The government finally all the documents relating to the war.A、releasedB、specializedC、realizedD、 supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。A”公开发表、公布或发布（新闻） B专 门从事、专攻 C意识到、领悟 D假定、猜测。整句话的意思是：政府最

23、终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第32题【单项选择题】2008.04 Anxiety can with childrens performance at school.A、referB、 preferC infer15D、interfere【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。句子翻译为：焦虑可以阻碍孩子们在学校的表 现。A . refer to 提到、查阅、涉及；B. preferto 更喜欢；C. infer from （根 据某事）推断、推定；D. interfere with扰乱、阻碍。第33题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The Caribbean Islands form a

24、chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. Many of the islands were formed by the eruption （爆发）of ancient volcanoes （火山）.Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean.A、 They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty

25、.B、What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands?C、 Theyre like a long necklace that stretches between North and South America. D But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.【正确答案】c【答案解析】第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛形成了一个锁链，把加勒比海与大西 洋的其他局部分开。答案是C,因为它的第一个词是They,该词指The Caribbean Island

26、s；而且在语义上也有很好的衔接。第34题【单项选择题】2009.10 Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still managed to make himself.A、understandB、understoodC、understandingD、to understand【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查语法。那个时候虽然他说英语说得不好，但仍然可以让别16人听懂。非谓语动词的选用。过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动以及动作的完成。第35题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The system has several advantag

27、es. Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth. Instead, they can stay inside, watching by remote control. If there is no problem, they stay away from the sheep. But when they are needed they can quickly go out to help, or to s

28、care away foxes. The experiment is popular with shepherds because it means that they do not have to spend all their time outdoors waiting for the lambs to arrive in freezing weather.From the passage, we learn that walking among the sheep.A、is more popular with shepherds than watching TV insideB、can

29、help the mother sheep to give birth to more lambsC、is the best way to protect the sheepD usually disturbs the mother sheep that will give birth【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段第二句话Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth,可矢口 D 项正确。第36题【单项选择题

30、】2009.04 When you know Bob better, you will like him.A、go toB、got toC、went toD、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：此题考 查主将从现。回详细解答：根据主将从现的原那么，主句用了一般将来时，时间状 语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。17第37题【单项选择题】2009.04 I/ve got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will hav

31、e beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第38题【单项选择题】2009.04 We go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home.A、occasionallyB relativelyC、continuallyD、absolutely【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词意义辨析。译文：我

32、们偶尔外出去餐馆吃饭，但通常 是在家吃饭。详细解答：A偶尔地、偶然地、不经常；B相对地、比拟地；C持 续地、不间断地；D完全地。第39题【单项选择题】阅读选择I recognized that the sites such as Associated Content can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer. I could see that this was an open door for systematically learning some basic writing skills

33、without paying college 18tuition for classes and leaving the comfort of my own home. In the eyes of the author; the site Associated Content.A、offers you a lot of novels to readB、is good for your becoming a writerC、asks you to study writing regularlyD、is rather expensive but convenient【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案

34、选B。根据本段的can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer确定B答案。其余选项与原文意思不符。A与D选项所表 达内容在文中并未提及，可以被排除。C选项中regularly 一词并未在文中得到体 现。第40题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文

35、】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第41题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、as forB、such as19第3题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still no

36、t fully understood. Typically, positive charges （正 电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷的）.In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it b

37、ecome positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface.A、is positively chargedB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本

38、段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷, 排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第4题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the

39、 impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that is ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is often hidden from our viewD、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and mo

40、stC、instead ofD、except for【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房 子在夜晚非常安静。A至于，关于；B例如；C代替，而不是；D除了以 外第42题【单项选择题】2008.04 The government finally all the documents relating to the war.A、releasedB、specializedC、realizedD、 supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。A”公开发表、公布或发布（新闻） B专 门从事、专攻 C意识到、领悟 D假定、猜测。整句话的意思是

41、：政府最 终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第43题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later

42、than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he sh

43、ould.A、change his energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usual20D、go to bed earlier【正确答案】C答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思, 作出正确判断。本段开头说，虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你 的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。”最后两句又说，”.rise before your usual hour.work better at your low point. （“如果你在上

44、午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么 你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得 更好。）因此选项C是正确答案。第44题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an importa

45、nt crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the lAOOs.Which country is the largest coffee producer?A、Brazil.B、Colombia.C、Ethiopia.D、Egypt.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第三句。Producer与grower意思等同。第45题【单项

46、选择题】【填句补文】The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics., That is at least as important as how much we know.A、Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with21 family memb

47、ers and friends.B、 He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.C、Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.D、In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on h

48、ow we get along with other people.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代词we在D中才有呼应的代词，而且在文章最后出现观 点句是通常论述文的开展特点，因此判断D正确。第46题【单项选择题】2008.10 JCountry life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也