2022年南昌理工大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年南昌理工大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】You think that the biggest threat to your health when taking a shower comes from slipping on a bar of soap? Well, guess again.Q: This paragraph is a question to which the author hopes to have a positive answer from the reader.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答

2、案】B【答案解析】答案选B。这段话的意思是：你认为淋浴的时候对健康最大的威胁 是踩在一块肥皂上而滑倒?好的，再猜一猜。这里的“再猜一猜可以得知作者希 望的不是一个 positive answer, 而是一个 negative answer。第2题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top p

3、osts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?AII of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT.A、Communication between em

4、ployers and employees would be more difficult. B、More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees. C The job market would be more competitive.D、 It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.【正确答案】BB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管

5、（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第20题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Income may be national income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total earned income of all the factors of production namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other compensation for labor, personal income may be defined as total mo

6、ney income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income does not equal GNP because the factors of production do not receive payment for either capital consumption allowances or indirect business taxes, both of which are included in GNP. The money put aside for capital cons

7、umption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income. Indirect taxes include sales taxes, property taxes, and excise taxes that are paid by businesses directly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the factors of production. Three-fourths of national income goes for wage

8、s, salaries, and other forms of compensation to employees.Which of the following statements is true according to the paragraph?A、GNP equals national income plus indirect business taxes.B、GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirect business taxes.C Personal income is regarded as the

9、 total money income received by an individual after his or her taxes are paid.D、The money that goes for capital consumption is not regarded as income.【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题的依据是本段的The money put aside for capital consumption is10 for replacement and thus is not counted as income.这个句子。对原句的词语选项 D 用了别的表达方法，但大意仍

10、保持不变。第21题【单项选择题】2009.10 he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋友，但他常常感到孤独。【试题 分析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词的选取。第22题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of

11、Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile （1 爬彳亍类的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B

12、、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere. D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧 洲委员会的研究说明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是 正确的答案。第23

13、题【单项选择题】11 2009.04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析: 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第24题【单项选择题】2010.04 By the end of next year the bridge.A、is to completeB has been

14、 completedC、will be completedD、will have been completed【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】到明年年底之前，这座桥修建将完成。【试题分析】此题 考查语法。【详细解答】动词时态。by the end of到时为止；在之前。将来 完成时态，用于表达在将来某时间以前已经完成的动作。第25题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who mi

15、ght be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However, most parents dont have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach thei

16、r children. B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.12C、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是对home schooling提出了质疑”,需要注意前面

17、说到 了critics say”,空格处与之对应的是Critics also say”。第26题【单项选择题】He showed his indifference the problem.A、withB、toC inD、 about【正确答案】B【答案解析】indifference to.:对.冷漠，不关心第27题【单项选择题】2009.10 Youd better leave things if you dont know how to deal withthem.A、offB、outC、aloneD、 over【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在

18、一边。【试题分析】此题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A离开，离去 B不在里 面，出局 C单独的（地） D完结，翻倒，越过第28题【单项选择题】13【概括大意】If you are tired of making vague excuses for another dull summer at home, here is a thought to lift your spirits. You do not need anything so radical as winning a lottery （彩票）to finance a trip to Europe. A student identity

19、card that can be obtained for a few dollars from the Council on International Educational Exchange entitles （给予、授权）you to discount tickets （打折机票）on certain charter flights to London and Paris, as well as reduced admission to many museums, cinemas, and musical events. Once in Europe, you can stay at

20、approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. So dont give up your hopes of becoming an international traveler.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 It is easy for a student to travel in Europe during the summer.The student needs to obtain an identity card to travel at a cheap rate.C The stu

21、dent could stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. D、 The students will become international travelers in summer.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这段话主要讲学生暑假去欧洲的一些优惠来论证学生去欧洲旅行是 很容易的。因此选择A。第29题【单项选择题】【2009.10 So far scientists have only acquired understanding of the physicalprocesses that cause eart

22、hquakes.A、a partialB a changeableC、an originalD、an individual【正确答案】A第30题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus.While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the14individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the

23、 state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. The word allegianc

24、e is closest in meaning to.A、loyaltyB、objectiveC、survivalD、motive【正确答案】A【答案解析】解此题可用同类词关系进行判断。在allegiance前后的两个词分别 是commitment和sacrifice,应能判断出这三个词相对于国家而言是同一类词, 再利用排除法，不难选出正确答案A。第31题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people

25、 thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scient

26、ists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older; maybe even a thousand years old. All the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT.A、he was a soldier in World War IB、he was a Swiss womans long-lost fatherC、he was born about a thousand years agoD、he came fro

27、m Italy【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。15第32题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges （正电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷的）.In m

28、ost instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the

29、 grounds surface.A、is positively chargedis shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷， 排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第33题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappo

30、inting results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.A、These are newer and better models,B Its opponents argue, however; that it will stop global w

31、arming.C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有says这个词，它16预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第34题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family educa

32、tion, parents are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasionD、scolding【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责第35题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world. It was called Incidents of Travel in

33、Central America， Chiapas and Yucatan”. The author John Loud Stephens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico and Guatemala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the remains of

34、a lost civilization known as the Mayas（玛雅）.Very little was known about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwood/s drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples, pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deserted

35、. The inhabitants（居民） had disappeared almost a thousand years before.Stephens book astonished the world because.A、it was the first time people heard about Mayas.B、the Mayas were excellent builders and farmers.17C、he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization.D、it described t

36、hat the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据问题中的关键词astonished,把本问题定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概 括就得出正确答案：Do第36题【单项选择题】【完戈句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not full

37、y understood. Typically, positive charges （正电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷#J）. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become

38、 positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface.A、is positively chargedB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释

39、了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷， 排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第37题【单项选择题】2009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would bebeC、will have been18D、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用shoul

40、d+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第38题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The Second World War is perhaps the most catastrophic （灾难性的） event that mankind has ever suffered. The war affected 80 per cent of the worlds people at that time, from 61 countries, and claimed 55 million lives. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Gloomy World

41、B、Worlds Worst DisasterC、The Origin of The Second World WarD、The Time of The Second World War【正确答案】B【答案解析】disaster是catastrophic （灾难性的）event的另一种表达。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their

42、beds.Q: During the April 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。题中说2007年4月28日的地震致使全英格兰都停电, 与文中表达的内容不符。文中说地震殃及英格兰东南部的肯特郡局部地区，电力19【答案解析】是非判断题。对照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs.

43、排除选项 C； It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job.排除选项 D： And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?排 除选项A；答案是Bo第3题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone （天

44、然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle （长 柄勺）.Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodestone would move round until the handle of the ladle pointed south while the bulk （主体）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from ab

45、out 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade （玉石）finders played an important role in the invention of the ladle. They travelled great distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the

46、 compass?A、In 1492.B、In the thirteen century A.D.C In A.D. 80.D、At least 2000 years ago.【正确答案】D答案解析本段中 Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass.直接告诉我们中国创造指南针的时间。第4题【单项选择题】2010.04 Even after decades of the two brothers recognized each otherimmediately.A、separationB、c

47、ooperation2中断，几千名居民无电可用。the whole England l j parts of southeast England 是 不符的，所以选B。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with a lot of inconveniences for the sun because they have so little of it. Residents of cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam s

48、pend a lot of their winter in the dark because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the year in the rain. This is the reason the Mediterranean has always attracted them. Every summer, more than 25 million people travel to Mediterranean resorts and beaches for their vacation. They all come for the same reason: sun!ln the paragraph, cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam are mentioned.A、to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography and climateB、to tell us how wealth