2022届海南省高三下学期学业诊断大联考（五）英语试题（含答案解析）.docx

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1、2022届海南省高三下学期学业诊断大联考（五）英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解Theres no better way to get to know a country than by taking part in its festivals. Our yearly round-up of Germanys best festivals will give you a taste of German culture, tradition, and art at its best. Here are some of them.CarnivalCarnival is also call

2、ed the Fifth Season, in Germany. Alongside many colorful costume balls, the highlight of this festival is the Rose Monday Parade with marching bands, dancers, and decorated floats parading down the streets across Germany. Carnival is celebrated throughout the country but centered in Cologne, Dusseld

3、orf, Muenster, and Mainz.International Film Festival in BerlinEvery February, Berlin rolls out the red carpet to host the Berlin International Film Festival. What to expect? More than 400 films from all over the world, parties, historic theatres and special events open to everyone who loves film. Be

4、sides Cannes, Berlinale is the most important film festival in Europe.Oktoberfest in MunichEvery September and October, over 6 million visitors from around the world come to Munich to celebrate Bavarian cuisine, music, and traditions. There are many colorful parades, open-air concerts, and fun rides

5、 to enjoy for the whole family.Wine Festival and Wurstmarkt in Bad DuerkheimAlthough this fair is officially called “ Wurstmarkt”(sausage market), its famous for its celebration of excellent local wines. Located in Rhineland, the second largest region in Germany where wine is produced, the Wurstmark

6、t prides itself on being the worlds biggest wine festival. This event has been celebrated every September for almost 600 years.1. Whats the text mainly intended to introduce?A. Rich German culture, tradition and art.B , Some of the best festivals in Germany.C. Exciting ways to get to know Germany.D.

7、 Some popular destinations in Germany.2. Carnival differs from the other three festivals mainly in its.A. appeal for visitorsB. diversity of activities参考答案：1. BCD【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国年度最佳节日，这些节日能带你领略德国文化、 传统和艺术。1. 主旨大意题。根据第一段Our yearly round-up of Germanys best festivals will give you a taste o

8、f German culture, tradition, and art at its best. Here are some of them.（我们的德国年度最佳节 日综述将让您领略最好的德国文化、传统和艺术。以下是其中的一些。）”及全文可推断， 文章主要介绍了德国的一些最好的节日。故选B。2. 细节理解题。根据 Carnival 中的“Carnival is celebrated throughout the country but centered in Cologne, Dusseldorf, Muenster, and Mainz.（狂欢节在全国各地举行，但主要集中在Cologne

9、Dusseldorf Muenster和Mainz。）”可知，狂欢节在全国各地都举行，而其他几个节日的 举办地都是固定的。故选C。3. 细节理解题。根据 Wine Festival and Wurstmarkt in Bad Duerkheim 中的“Although this fair is officially called “ Wurstmarkf,（sausage market）, its famous fbr its celebration of excellent local wines. Located in Rhineland, the second largest regio

10、n in Germany where wine is produced, the Wurstmarkt prides itself on being the worlds biggest wine festival.（虽然这个展览会的官方名称 是“Wurstmarkt”（香肠市场），但它以庆祝当地优质葡萄酒而闻名。Wurstmarkt位于德国第二 大葡萄酒产区莱茵兰，是世界上最大的葡萄酒庆典。）”可知，这个节日是以酒为特色，所 以最吸引爱酒人士。故选D。4. DADC答案第1页，共13页【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加州一所小学的学生在他们的美术老师的帮助下，创 建了一条电话

11、热线，受到了很多人的欢迎。4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Shortly afterwards, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.（不久之后，热线开始每小时接到数千个电话。户可知，热线每小时接到数千个电话， 可推断是极受欢迎。故选D。5. 细节理解题。根据第三段Actually, they called it Pep Talk” first. But when Ms. Martins 6- year-old son drew an ad for the hotline and spelled it “PepToc，they

12、 decided they liked that even better.（事实上，他们一开始叫它“Pep Talk”但当马丁 6岁的儿子为这条热线画了一则广 告，并把它拼成了“PepToc”时，他们觉得自己更喜欢这个名字。厂可知，这个名字的由来 是源自于一个错误。故选A。6. 主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“Most of the project was completed in a day.（大部分工程在一天 内就完成 了。）“以及Students working on the hotline thought of what they would like to say. When they

13、were ready, Ms. Martin recorded each one. Later, she sorted out the recordings into the different parts of the telephone hotline.（在热线工作的学生思考他们想说什么。当他们准备好 后，马丁把每一个人都录了下来。后来，她把录音整理成电话热线的不同部分。厂可知， 这一段主要讲述了这个电话热线是如何创建的。故选D。7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ms. Martin thought the project would only attract interest from p

14、eople near the school. But the hotline was soon getting hundreds of calls a day-and then, thousands of calls an hour.（马丁认为这个项目只会吸引学校附近的人的兴趣。但热线很快就 每天接到数百个电话，后来，每小时又接到数千个电话。”可知，热线的受欢迎程度超出 了她的预期。选项A“Unacceptable （无法接受的广；选项B“Unreasonable （不合理的广；选项 Unexpected （想不到的广；选项D“Unpleasant （不舒适广。故选C。8. DC答案第2页，共

15、13页9. BA【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述一个实验表明，浅睡眠期间可能充满了创造力，但实验结 果仍需进一步证实。8. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“As he nodded off, the balls fell into metal pans. The resulting noise woke him. Then, he could write down his inventive ideas before he fell into a deep sleep and forgot them.（当他打瞌睡时，球掉进了金属盘里。由此产生的噪音吵醒了他。然后，他可以 在进入深度睡眠并

16、忘记之前写下他的创造性想法）”可知，钢球和金属盘的作用是避免他沉 睡。故选D项。9. 细节理解题。根据最后段中More work is needed to prove the link between the shallow stage of sleep and creativity.（需要做更多的工作来证明浅睡眠阶段和创造力之间的联系广可知，实 验的结果仍需进一步被证实。故选C项。10. 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合第一段The time between full wakefulness and being sound asleep may be packed with creative

17、potential. In a new experiment, people who fell into a light sleep were better problem-solvers later.（完全清醒和酣睡之间的这段时间可能充满了创造潜 力。在一项新的实验中，进入轻度睡眠的人之后解决问题的能力更好广可知，文章主要讲 述一个实验表明，浅睡眠期间可能充满了创造力，但实验结果仍需进一步证实，故B项 “打盹可能会激发你的创造力”适合作为文章标题。故选B项。11. 推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段The time between full wakefulness and being so

18、und asleep may be packed with creative potential. In a new experiment, people who fell into a light sleep were better problem-solvers later.（完全清醒和酣睡之间的这段时间可能充满了创造潜 力。在一项新的实验中，进入轻度睡眠的人之后解决问题的能力更好户可知，文章主要讲 述一个实验表明，浅睡眠期间可能充满了创造力，但实验结果仍需进一步证实，文章是关 于一个实验过程及结果，应是出自科学杂志。故选A项。答案第3页，共13页BAD12. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说

19、明文，文章主要介绍了科学家改进了 DNA方法，使之能够与象牙匹配，并帮 助追踪贩卖象牙的罪犯。12. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Now scientists have improved DNA methods that allow them to match up elephant tusks, and help track down criminals that are selling them.（现在科学家们已经 改进了 DNA方法，使他们能够匹配象牙，并帮助追踪贩卖象牙的罪犯广可知，科学家使用 大象的DNA信息是为了追踪那些非法交易象牙的人。故选B项。13. 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两

20、句Traffickers usually hide them in tricky ways inside shipments of other products. That means that only about 10% of tusks from illegally killed elephants are ever found.（象牙贩子通常狡猾地将它们臧在其他货物的运输中。这意味着被非 法猎杀而来的象牙只有10%被发现厂可知，非法猎取的象牙以隐蔽的方式进行运输，使其 很难被发现。故选A项。14. 词句猜测题。根据划线词上一句Now when elephant tusks are fo

21、und on a ship in another country, DNA tests can show where they came from.（现在，当在另一个国家的船只上发现象牙 时，DNA测试可以显示它们来自哪里广可知，DNA测试可以显示象牙来自哪里。由此可 推知，划线词所在句意为：这些信息可以在动物被杀的国家引发迅速的行动，trigger意为 “引发，促使“，故选D项。15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr. Wasser is hopeful that the method of using DNA information from elephants to track ille

22、gally killed wildlife will soon be adopted to help protect other kinds of animals and break up more criminal groups.（Wasser 博士希望，利用大象的 DNA 信息追踪非 法猎杀野生动物的方法，将很快被采用，以帮助保护其他种类的动物，并瓦解更多的犯罪 答案第4页，共13页团伙厂可知，Wasser博士认为DNA测试的方法可以广泛应用于野生动物保护。故选C 项。16. BECG17. A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了当澳大利亚科学家试图在喜鹊身上连接追踪器，以便更多

23、地了解它们的习惯时，学到了一些意想不到的东西。16. 根据上文“Science experiments dont always go as planned.”（科学实验并不总是按计划进行） 下文“Recently, Australian scientists learned something unexpected about magpies when they tried to attach trackers to them to learn more about their habits.（最近，澳大利亚科学家试图在喜鹊 身上安装追踪器，以便更多地了解它们的习惯，他们在喜鹊身上发现了一些意

24、想不到的事 情。）说明科学家最近研究喜鹊却有意外收获，所以空格处承上启下，B项的“that”指代上 文内容，“earn from them”与下文“learned something unexpected （学到了 一些意想不到的东 西）一致。故选B。17. 根据上文“Australian scientists learned something unexpected about magpies” （澳大利亚科学家 对喜鹊有了意想不到的发现），提到科学家研究喜鹊而且有一些意想不到的收获，下文 “Theyre medium-sized black and white birds from the

25、 same bird “family“ as crows and bluejays. Theyre known to be quite clever. They live in groups of up to 12 birds and work together to defend the area they live in.（它们是中等大小黑白相间的鸟类，与乌鸦和蓝鸟属于同一个鸟 类“家族大家都知道它们很聪明。它们以多达12只鸟为一群生活，共同保护它们生活的 地区。）介绍澳大利亚喜鹊的特点，下文“They”指代的内容就是E项中的“Australian magpies”。故选 E。18. 根据

26、上文“But its hard to find trackers that work well with small-and medium-sized birds.（但答案第5页，共13页很难找到与中小型鸟类配合良好的追踪器。）说明找到合适的追踪器很难，C项Eitherthe trackers are too heavy, or don9t last long enough（要么是追踪器太重，要么是追踪时间不够 长）与上文一致，指出追踪器存在的问题，过渡到下文“The new trackers are light and can be recharged without wires while

27、 they are still on the birds.（这种新型追踪器很轻，不用电线就 可以在鸟身上充电。）对新型追踪器优点的介绍。故选C。19. 根据上文“To keep the trackers on the birds without causing flying problems, the researchers developed a special harness. It was tough, so it wouldnt come off by accident.（为了 保持鸟类 身上的追踪器不会引起飞行问题,研究人员开发了一种特殊的系带。它很硬，所以不会偶然 脱落。）说明追踪

28、器的优点，下文“The researchers placed trackers on five magpies. But just ten minutes after setting up the last magpie, they noticed something unusual: an adult female magpie was helping another magpie get free from its harness. A few hours later, most of the other magpies were also freed from their harness

29、es. By the third day, none of the birds had trackers anymore.”（研究人员在五只喜鹊身上放置了追踪器。但就在安置好最后一只喜鹊十分钟后，他们注 意到一些不寻常的事情：一只成年雌性喜鹊正在帮助另一只喜鹊从系带中挣脱出来。几个 小时后，其他喜鹊中大多数也从系带中挣脱出来。到了第三天，没有一只鸟身上有追踪器 了。）说明喜鹊不喜欢身上的追踪器，想要挣脱系带，前后是转折关系，G项中的“Bu俨说 明与上文的转折关系，“the birds didnt like the trackers”和下文一致。故选G。20. 根据上文“The scientis

30、ts were disappointed about the trackers. However, they realized that the magpies had taught them something else”（科学家们对追踪器感到失望。然而，他们意识到喜鹊教会了他们其他的东西）说明转折后要强调科学家从喜鹊身上学到的东西， A 项“Magpies are able and willing to help each other out”（喜鹊能够并且愿意互相帮助）符合 题意，与下文“the bird who is helping”意思一致。故选A项。21. CDBA22. DB答案

31、第6页，共13页23. CADC24. BACD25. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者从小就让女儿们学会感恩和回报别人并讲述这样做的好处。21. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这仅仅是针对亲近的家人和朋友吗？ A. clearly清楚地；equally 平等地;C. merely 仅仅；D. finally 最后。结合空后的for close family and friends 可知，此处指“圣诞节送礼物和收礼物仅仅是针对亲近的家人和朋友吗？ ”故选C项。22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们有想过那些需要帮助的人吗？ A. tip建议，诀窍；B.holiday假期；C.rewar

32、d奖励，回报；D. thought考虑，关心，想法。结合语境及下文 .think of those who don，t(想着那些什么都没有的人广可知，此处指“我们想过那些需 要帮助的人吗？ “spare a thought for替着想。故选D项。23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为父母，我们希望我们的女儿对他们所拥有的心存感激， 并且想着那些什么都没有的人。A. ready准备好的；B. grateful感激的；C.qualified合格 的；D. responsible负责的。根据空后“for what they have”可知，此处指感激所拥有的，故选 B项。24. 考查动词短语辨析。

33、句意：这就是为什么我的丈夫和我想让他们从很小的时候就学习回馈 的精神。A. learn about学习，了解；B.stand for代表,支持；C. hold back抑制,阻止；D. point out指出。根据空后“from a very young age”及下文内容可知，此处指让女儿从小就学 答案第7页，共13页习回馈的精神，故选A项。25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过她们的学校，她们支持一个慈善机构。A. ignore忽视，不 理会；B. encourage 鼓励；C. remember 记得；D. support 支持。根据下句Every Tuesday they take tw

34、o loaves of bread to the school food bank.（每个星期二，她们把两条面包送到学校 的食品银行广可知，女儿们通过学校支持一个慈善机构，故选D项。26. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们每年两次向收容所捐赠不需要的衣服、玩具和书籍。A. colorful 色彩斑斓的；B. unwanted 不要的；C. expensive 昂贵的；D. unimportant 不重要的。 结合语境可知，她们应是捐赠不要了的衣服。故选B项。27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我丈夫经常献血，女孩们也想献血。A. hesitate犹豫；B. afford付得起;C. wish希望

35、；D.agree同意。根据本句中的“as well”及下文as the start age is 16”可知，女儿们也想要献血，但是年龄达不到。故选C项。28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，她们太年轻了，因为开始的年龄是16岁。A. young年轻的；B. eager急切的；C.concerned关心的，担心的；D.terrified害怕的，恐惧 的。根据“as the start age is 16”可知，她们年龄达不到，太年轻了。故选A项。29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子会模仿父母的行为，如果你经常慷慨地给予别人，他们也 会效仿。A. opinions 观点；B. intent

36、ions 目的，意图；C. achievements 成就；D. actions 行 为。根据“if you often reach out to others by giving generously”可知，此处指孩子们会模仿大 人的行为。故选D项。30. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子会模仿父母的行为，如果你经常慷慨地给予别人，他们也 会效仿。A. believe 相信；B. explore 探索；C. follow 跟随；D. improve 提高。根敏mirror” 可知，孩子们会模仿父母，所以此处指“跟随: 故选C项。31. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节是教她们回馈那些不那么幸运的

37、人的最佳时机。A.ambitious有抱负的；B.fortunate幸运的;C. successful成功的；D.independent独立的。上答案第8页，共13页文提到女儿们经常给慈善机构捐赠东西，帮助那些需要的人，所以此处指“不那么幸运的 人工故选B项。32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：教育孩子们回馈社会不仅能促进个人成长，还能给她们一种归 属感和自豪感。A. gives给；B. spares抽出，留出；C. costs花费；D. promises承诺，保 证。此处是描述教育孩子们回馈社会带来的好处，所以是“给她们一种归属感和自豪感L 故选A项。33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论她们的贡

38、献有多小，她们都能给别人的生活带来改变，这 让他们感到满足。A. relaxation 放松；B. motivation 动机；C. satisfaction 满意;D.appreciation 感激，欣赏。根据they are making a difference in someone elses life”可知，给别 人的生活产生影响，这让她们感到满足。故选C项。34. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论她们的贡献有多小，她们都能给别人的生活带来改变，这 让他们感到满足。A. progress 进步；B. distinction 区别；C. determination 决心；D.contrib

39、ution贡献。结合语境可知，此处指无论她们所做出的贡献有多渺小。故选D项。 35.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些美德将帮助她们在成年后继续发扬光大。A. comments评 论；B. virtues美德，优秀品质；C. standards标准；D.profits利润，好处。上文的“love, kindness, patience”均是美德。故选B项。36. sailingfromare broughtnaturally37. theirattachedwhich#thatmore38. suggestions. inspection答案第9页，共13页C. region of celebrat

40、ionsD. length of time for celebrations3. Which appeals to wine lovers most?A. Cologne.B. Berlin.C. Munich.D. Rhineland.Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficul

41、t times. Shortly afterwards, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.The hotline is available in English and Spanish. It offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages. For example, by pressing 1, you can hear a group of kindergartners saying together, Y

42、ou can do it! Keep trying, and dont give up!” Pressing 2 brings the sounds of children laughing-a sound certain to bring a smile to anyones face.Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, thought her students just might have the magic words needed to bring calm to

43、 people in difficult times. Ms. Martin worked with students at West Side on a project they called “PepToc”. Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” first. But when Ms. Martins 6-year-old son drew an ad for the hotline and spelled it “PepToc，they decided they liked that even better.Most of the project wa

44、s completed in a day. Ms. Martin worked with students from kindergarten to the sixth grade. She had the same basic question for all the students-What could you say to help or encourage someone else? Students working on the hotline thought of what they would like to say. When they were ready, Ms. Mar

45、tin recorded each one. Later, she sorted out the recordings into the different parts of the telephone hotline.Ms. Martin thought the project would only attract interest from people near the school. But the hotline was soon getting hundreds of calls a day-and then, thousands of calls an hour. Its bec

46、ome unbelievably popular with stressed adults, patients in hospitals, older people in homes, and others who just want to hear the happy voices of children.4. What does the text say about the hotline?A. It is answered by teachers.B , It has offered callers all kinds of help.C. Ifs mainly aimed at che

47、ering kids stuck at home.D. It enjoyed great popularity quickly.5. How did the project “PepToc“ get its name?A. Out of a mistake.B. From a similar project.C. On the recommendation of students.D. At the request of Ms. Martins son.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了南极洲是地球上最难到达的地方之一。但最近的一份报 告显示，前往南极洲的船只与世界各地的港口有联系

48、。这大大增加了外来植物或动物入侵 该保护区的可能性。文章解释了物种入侵可能带来的麻烦。36. 考查非谓语动词。句意：但最近的一份报告显示，前往南极洲的船只与世界各地的港口有 联系。分析句子结构可知sail在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语ships构成主动关 系，故用现在分词作定语。故填sailing。37. 考查介词。句意：这大大增加了外来植物或动物入侵该保护区的可能性。结合句意表示“外 来植物或动物”应用fromo故填from。38. 考查时态语态。句意：当入侵物种被带到一个新的地方时，它们通常会迅速传播，这会迫 使其他自然生存的动植物离开。主语species与谓语bring构成被动关系

49、，结合后文they can often可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are brought。39. 考查副词。句意：当入侵物种被带到一个新的地方时，它们通常会迅速传播，这会迫使其 他自然生存的动植物离开。修饰动词live应用副词naturally,作状语。故填naturally。40. 考查代词。句意：在世界其他地区，入侵的海洋动植物在抵达后造成了麻烦。修饰后文名 词arrival应用形容词性物主代词their故填their0考查非谓语动词。句意：它们经常附着在船的外部。短语be attached to表示“附着”，此处 省略be动词，过去分词作状语。故填attached。41. 考查定语从句。句