2022年昌平大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年昌平大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of t

2、he problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to sp

3、end what money it has on the Mexican people.D、 Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第2题【单项选择题】2009.04 When you know Bob better, you will like him.A、go toB、got toC、went toD、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当

4、你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：此题考【正确答案】D【答案解析】 本段指出 blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, 与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第20题【单项选择题】2009.01 Modern economics the countrys agricultural policies.A、undergoesB、understandsC、underliesD、undertakes【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。句意：现代经济学是国家农业政策的基础。考 查形近动词词义。A经历，经受；B 了解；

5、C成为的基础；D承当，保证。第21题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone （天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle （长 柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodestone would move round until the handle of the ladle pointed sou

6、th while the bulk （主体）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade （玉石）finders played an important role in the invention of the ladle. They travelled g

7、reat distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass?A、In 1492.B、 In the thirteen century A.D.C In A.D. 80.D、At least 2000 years ago.【正确答案】D10【答案解析】 本段中 Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a w

8、orking compass.直接告诉我们中国创造指南针的时间。第22题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。第23题【单项选择题】Would you like down and play in the milk for a f

9、ew minutes before we clean itup ?A、getB、gettingC、to getD、got【正确答案】c【答案解析】would like to do固定搭配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案选C。第24题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distribution11B、contribution C prescription D、circulation 【正确答案】D 【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulatio

10、n：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。第25题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in an object,

11、 but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth?A、1 pound.B、2 pounds.C、3 pounds.D、4 pound

12、s.【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题问的是一磅茶如果被带出离地球外表4000英里的地方，重量 会是多少？ 4000这个数字比拟关键，因为在本段最后一句中出现了这个词，一 看该句 If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.只是把名词换了一下，很显然答案 就是变成原来重量的四分之一，因此正确答案是A。第26题【单项选择题】阅读选择But even if every large city purified

13、 and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to12 make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be tu

14、rned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D、 drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt 即 take salt out。第27题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择

15、。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第28题【单项选择题】【2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负13责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A亲自地；B几乎不；C个别地；D可靠 地第29题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that se

16、condhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The

17、 risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、 No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到

18、，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第30题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of ni

19、ght play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the bodys clock were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs?A、Our biologi

20、cal clock resets itself automatically.B、Light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock.14C、 Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.D、Our internal clock, like the alarm clock, can be reset.【正确答案】c【答案解析】是非判断题，根据第五自然段首句But just like （和.一样）your alarm clock,

21、 your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.代词 it 指代 biological clock,不是选项internal clock和alarm clock都可以自动调节。得到答案为C。AD 我们的生物钟自动调节。B光线通过我们的眼睛调节生物钟，与原文一致。第31题【单项选择题】【I闻读选择】Tom, a near-sighted young man, went on

22、a blind date with a girl. The two were satisfied with each other. And they exchanged their telephone numbers. What can we learn about Tom?A、Tom made a good impression on the girl at first.B、 It was the first time that Tom had dated a girl.C、Tom was blind.D、 Tom was handsome and popular with the girl

23、s.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。细节判断题。从The two were satisfied with each other 可知，相亲过后，两人对对方都很满意，所以A选项正确，汤姆第一次见对方就 留下了很好的印象。B项所表述内容在文中找不到根据，不能判断这是汤姆第几 次约会。根据文章描述，汤姆只是near-sighted,远不到盲了的地步。文章仅讲 述了汤姆和某一个女孩相亲的精力，对他的个人魅力以及是否受女孩欢迎并未提 及。第32题【单项选择题】2009.10 Youd better leave things if you dont know how to deal withthem.

24、A、off15B、outC aloneD、 over【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】此题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A离开，离去 B不在里 面，出局 C单独的（地） D完结，翻倒，越过第33题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territorial

25、ity （守卫士也盘的天I生）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand,

26、 human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has

27、a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidenc

28、e of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是一learned16 behavior。可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约:T

29、he many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第34题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasionD、scolding【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词

30、义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责第35题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as bei

31、ng a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth?A、1 pound

32、.B、2 pounds.C、3 pounds.D、4 pounds.17【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题问的是一磅茶如果被带出离地球外表4000英里的地方，重量 会是多少？ 4000这个数字比拟关键，因为在本段最后一句中出现了这个词，一 看该句 If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.只是把名词换了一下,很显然答案 就是变成原来重量的四分之一，因此正确答案是A。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】W

33、hen I graduated from high school, my family had a business so I never thought about getting a college degree. I went straight from my high school graduation to work for my father. After 24 years of ups and downs (mostly downs), I decided that I wanted to return to school and earn a degree in Busines

34、s Administration.Why didn/t the author go on with education after graduating from high school?A、 To help her father with business.B、 To escape from school life.C、 To experience social life early.D、To achieve her dream.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。该题目主要考查考生对文章主人公相关细 节的了解。根据题干内容，此细节定位于文章本段讲述自己高中毕业后经历的部 分。文

35、中讲到当我高中毕业时，爸爸正在做生意。所以我压根没有考虑过继续 获得大学学位的事情，毕业后直接转向为爸爸工作可判断A选项与原文句意 一致。第37题【单项选择题】It is difficult to the implication between the lines.A、get toB、get with18C、get atD、get down【正确答案】c【答案解析】题目意思：要找到字里行间的关联是困难的。此题是短语意义区分 题。此题是A开始，接触C找出，理解D下来，写（记）下来第38题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】But 日len really became famous in 2001. Age

36、d only 24, she was one of only two women who entered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race（单人环 球帆船比赛），which lasts 100 days. Despite many problems, she came second in the race out of 24 competitors and she was given a very warm welcome when she returned.In the Vendee Globe race, Ellen won.A、a go

37、ld medalB、The Best Woman Sailor awardC、The Young Sailor of the Year awardD、the second place【正确答案】D【答案解析】细节查找题答案特点：答案一般在原文有共同或相似关键词。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： Z/How did you live to be 100?Q: The fiv

38、e centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是“这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了 community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人19查主将从现。回详细解答：根据主将从现的原那么，主句用了一般将来时，时间状 语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。第3题【单项选择题】【概括大意】They always complained （抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are ou

39、t of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in deali

40、ng with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in following ways.B、 It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of t

41、he misunderstanding between them.C、 There are so many criticism to their parents among the young people.D、 Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.【正确答案】c答案解析1此题段落中的各句列举了年轻人都抱怨其父母些什么，谈的是what are the criticisms?的问题因此选择C。第4题【单项选择题】概括大意Our bodies are estimated to be about 60

42、to 70% water. Blood is mostly water; and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients （滋养）to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints an

43、d organs.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Ounces of Water Needed Per DayB、Importance of WaterC Water in Our Body生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第40题【单项选择题】2009.10 The room was quiet,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、in caseB、except forC、by farD、instead of【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查介词短语意义区分。【译文】这

44、个房间很安静，除了偶尔 从我喉咙里发出的咳嗽声以外。A以免、以防万一 B除了以外C到目前 为止D代替、而不是第41题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did. by carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance what w

45、ill happen.A、The stock market had its worst losses everB、Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heatC、So experts are regularly asked to predict accuratelyD、The article was written in 1958【正确答案】c【答案解析】第一句说的是：预测未来很重要，不能像中学生那样猜想。这一空 的关键词是experts,他

46、们不同于中学生，他们的预测应该是较为准确的。第42题【单项选择题】202008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.A、has our country beenB、has been our countryC、our country has beenD、our country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查语法。【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速开展。【详细 解答】否认词never在句首，该句子应采用局部倒装。第43题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family education, paren

47、ts are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasionD、scolding【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责第44题【单项选择题】2008.04 It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.A、interruptionB、motivationC、eva

48、luationD、destination【正确答案】B21【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。A.打搅、中；断 B.动机、诱因；C. 评估、评价；D.目的地、终点。整句话的意思是：人们发现一个很强的动机 可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。第45题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets., Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody want