精品解析：广东省广州市越秀区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末统考英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2020学年第二学期学业水平调研测试高二年级英语试卷本试卷共U页，总分值120分。考试用时120分钟。考前须知:L答卷前，考生必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座位号和考生号 填写在答题卡相应的位置上。用2B铅笔将考生号、座位号填涂在答题卡相应位置上。2 .选择题每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案;不能答在试卷上。3 .非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相 应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔或涂改液。不按 以上要求作答的答案无效

2、。4 .考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一局部阅读（共两节，总分值50分） 第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，总分值37.5分） 阅读以下短文，从115每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最正确选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。Chinas first panda-themed tourist train, known as the Panda train left Chengdu Railway Station in Sichuans provincial capital for Zunyi in neighboring Cuizhou provin

3、ce on Sunday night. The train is decorated with giant panda images, and attendants carry panda toys and passengers can even try panda-shaped food. The “panda train” will start operation on March 28. It will serve on fixed lines and customized lines to connect tourist attractions in Sichuan and neigh

4、boring provinces.In the future, the train will operate on a number of rail lines linking Chengdu and Chongqing, Chongqing and Guiyang, Shanghai and Kunming in Sichuan, Guzhou provinces and Chongqing municipality.Ticket offer:The three-day trip costs 1,280 yuan, including food, accommodation and entr

5、ance tickets to scenic spots inGuizhou.Facilities:The train, which doubles as a mobile star-rated hotel, can accommodate 252 passengers. It has a dining room, bar, karaoke room, dance hall and mahjong room. The 12 cars have individual rooms for two or four passengers, andConsider TimingA. What comes

6、 next?B. Offer immediate apologyEven if you cant say the words smoothly, they911 mean a lotC. Some things such as making excuses, or pointing fingers should be avoided.D. But when we are in this situation, we need to think how to say sorry-effectively.E. Although apologizing is stressful and uncomfo

7、rtable, a heartfelt apology has positive effects.【答案】16.G17. A 18. E 19. B 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了抱歉的重要性。16题详解】根据上文“For these reasons, an apology can be very difficult to give.（由于这些原因。抱歉是很难做到的。）可 知，抱歉会让人不舒服；下文“Research shows that it can improve your mental health.（研究说明，它可以改 善你的心理健康。）说明抱歉的积极作用，选项

8、GAlthough apologizing is stressful and uncomfortable, a heartfelt apology has positive effects.（虽然抱歉让人感到压力和不舒服，但发自内心的抱歉有积极的效果。）承上启下, 符合语境，应选G。【17题详解】根据本段中“Sometimes an immediate apology is called for” says a psychology professor. （一位心理学教授 说:“有时需要立即抱歉。“）可知，本段讲的是抱歉的时效性，A.ConsiderTiming考虑时间，符合本段主题, 应选A

9、o【18题详解】上文“Choosing appropriate words is very important when you plan an apology.（你打算抱歉时,选择恰当的措 辞是非常重要的。）说明抱歉用语很重要；下文“Examples include I certainly apologize if I offended anyone”, and Tm very sorry, but in my defense, you started （例如，“如果我冒犯了任何人，我当然要抱歉“，以及“很 抱歉，但我得辩白一下，是你先挑起的。）举了应该防止的抱歉用语;选项E.Some th

10、ings such as making excuses, or pointing fingers should be avoided.（有些事情，如找借口，或指责，应该防止。）承接下文，应选E。【19题详解】根据“Post-apology, yod may feel like a burden has been lifted.（抱歉之后你可能会觉得负担变轻了。）可知， 此段说的是抱歉之后的事。选项B.What comes next?下一步是什么？符合段意，应选B。【20题详解】根据上文“An apology is an important tool for rebuilding a relat

11、ionship to make it functional again.（抱歉是重建 段关系的重要工具，让它再次发挥作用。）“可知，此处在强调抱歉的重要性，选项D.Even if you cant say the words smoothly, they91! mean a lot.（即使你不能流利地说出这些话，它们也意味着很多。）中the words与上 文的apology相呼应，应选D。第二局部语言知识及应用（共两节，总分值30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题，每题1分，总分值15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后21-35各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C, D）中，选出可以填入空白处 的最正确选

12、项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Its common to post on social media to keep a record of the fun things you do. Although social media has its positive aspects, it can also have some serious 21 results. For example, have you ever been bored and decided to check social 22, only to find out that your best friend is at the

13、 Great Wall, one of your classmates is eatingdelicious noodles at your 23 restaurant, and one of your basketball teammates is visiting the giant pandas in Sichuan? Oh! Youre really 24! At least thats what you might think.Have you ever had that feeling that others are experiencing things and enjoying

14、 life 25 than you are? Researchers call that feeling the fear of missing out or FOMO.FOMO is a real 26 that over 75% of young people are experiencing from time to time. Social media is the cause, because ifs so easy today to 27 through to see what your friends are doing, eating, buying and talking a

15、bout. 28, it would be impossible to enjoy all the same activities we see others take part in on social media.Rather than 29 this basic truth, though, we often let FOMO lead us to compare our lives to those of others on social media. This 30 leaves us feeling dissatisfied. Why? We know all the aspect

16、s of our lives一both good and bad. But all we see on social media are the 31 moments others share. FOMO makes us check social media more frequently, leading to a negative cycle that can be hard to 32. Researchers have found thatsocial media and FOMO can cause feelings of 33, loneliness and boredom. R

17、esearchers advise that we stoplooking for 34 on social media. If we let FOMO 35 us, the only thing well really be missing outon is our own life. And lifes too short for that.21.A.criticalB.negativeC.contradictoryD.skeptical22.A.contactB.relationsC.mediaD.issues23.A.favouriteB.accessibleC.extraordina

18、ryD.optional24.A.missing outB.figuring outC.picking outD.running out25.A.lessB.furtherC.worseD.more26.A.problemB.phenomenonC.frameworkD.term27.A.glanceB.lookC.getD.pull28.A.OccasionallyB.InitiallyC.UnfortunatelyD.Oppositely29.A.resistingB.realizingC.distinguishingD.analyzing30.A.criterionB.understan

19、dingC.assessmentD.comparison31.A.abundantB.exactC.similarD.perfect32.A.adjustB.breakC.expectD.tell33.A.surpriseB.difficultyC.depressionD.anger34.A.benefitB.dignityC.happinessD.substitute35.A.betrayB.attractC.occupyD.control【答案】21. B 22. C23. A 24. A25. D26. B 27. A28. C29. B 30. D 31. D32. B33. C 34

20、. C35. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍超过75%的年轻人不时经历FOMO现象，虽然社交媒体有其积 极的一面，但也可能产生一些严重的消极后果。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然社交媒体有其积极的一面，但也可能产生一些严重的消极后果。A. critical 爱挑剔的，严重的;B. negative消极的；C.contradictory矛盾的;D. skeptical多疑的。由前面的“Although” 和“positive”可知，此处应用于positive意思相反的词，故用negative。应选B项。22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，你是否曾经感到无聊，决

21、定查看社交媒体，却发现你最好的朋友在长城, 你的一个同学在你最喜欢的餐厅吃美味的面条，你的一个篮球队友在四川参观大熊猫？ A. contact联系，接 触；B. relations 关系，联系；C. media 媒体;D. issues 问题。由第三段的 ait would be impossible to enjoy all the same activities we see others take part in on social media” 可知，此处指查看社交媒体。应选 C 项。23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，你是否曾经感到无聊，决定查看社交媒体，却发现你最好的朋友在

22、长 城，你的一个同学在你最喜欢的餐厅吃美味的面条，你的一个篮球队友在四川参观大熊猫？ A. favourite特 别喜爱的；B.accessible易接近的,可进入的;C.extraordinary非凡的,特别的；D.optional可选择的。由语 境可知，此处指你最喜欢的餐厅。应选A项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你真的错过了。A. missing out错过，省略；B.figuring out解决,想出；C. picking out 挑选出；D. running out 耗尽，到期。由下文的 uResearchers call that feeling the fear of m

23、issing out,可知， 此处用miss out。应选A项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：你是否有过这样的感觉：别人比你更能体验事物，更能享受生活？ A. less更少;B. further 更远；C. worse 更糟糕；D. more 更多。由上文的 aexperiencing things and enjoying life” 并结合语 境可知，此处指别人比你更能体验事物，更能享受生活。应选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：FOMO是一个真实的现象，超过75%的年轻人不时经历。A. problem问题；B. phenomenon现象；C.framework结构，构架

24、；D.term术语，学期。根据常识可知FOMO是一个真实的现象。 应选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体是原因，因为现在很容易浏览一下你的朋友在做什么，吃什么，买什 么，谈论什么。A. glance浏览，扫视；B.look看,注意；C.get得到;D.pull拉。由下文的see what your friends are doing, eating, buying and talking aboutv可知，此处指现在很容易浏览一下你的朋友在做什么，吃什么， 买什么，谈论什么。应选A项。L28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我们不可能享受我们在社交媒体上看到的所有活动

25、。A. Occasionally 偶尔;B.Initially最初，首先;C.Unfortunately不幸的是；D.Oppositely相反。由下文并结合语境可知,此 处用Unfortunately符合语境，即不幸的是我们不能体验自己在社交媒体上看到的所有活动。应选C项。29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们并没有意识到这一基本领实，而是经常让FOMO引导我们在社交媒 体上将自己的生活与他人的生活进行比拟。A. resisting抵抗，抗拒；B. realizing意识到；C. distinguishing IX 分,区分；D.analyzing分析。结合上下文语境可知，此处指我们并

26、没有意识到“我们不能体验自己在社交 媒体上看到的所有活动”这一基本领实。应选B项。30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种比拟使我们感到不满。A. criterion标准；B. understanding理解；C. assessment 评定，估价；D. comparison 比拟。由上文的 compare our lives to those of others on social media” 和该句中 的“This”可知，此处指这种比拟使我们感到不满。应选D项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在社交媒体上看到的都是他人提供的完美时刻。A. abundant大量的； B. e

27、xact 准确的；C. similar 相似的；D. perfect 完美的。由上文的 “We know all the aspects of our lives一both good and bad. But可知，此处指我们在社交媒体上看到的都是他人提供的完美时刻。应选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：FOMO让我们更频繁地查看社交媒体，导致了一个难以防止的负面循环。A. adjust 调整，使适合；B. break破坏，打破；C.expect期望；D.tell告诉。根据上文that over 75% of young peopleare experiencing from time

28、 to time. ”可知，有FOMO这种情况的年轻人很多，由此推知它很难打破，摆脱。 应选B项。L33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员发现，社交媒体和FOMO会导致抑郁、孤独和无聊感。A. surprise惊 喜;B. difficulty 困难；C. depression 沮丧，抑郁;D. anger 生气。由后面的 “loneliness and boredom” 可知， 此处应用与这些词意思相似的词，即depression。应选C项。34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员建议我们停止在社交媒体上寻找快乐。A. benefit利益，好处；B. dignity 尊严；C. h

29、appiness 快乐;D. substitute 代用品。由上文的 “Its common to post on social media to keep a record of the fun things you do” 和 uResearchers advise that we stop looking for” 并结合语境可知，此处指研究人员 建议我们停止在社交媒体上寻找快乐。应选C项。L35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：FOMO控制我们，我们唯一真正错过的就是我们自己的生活。A. betray背叛， 出卖;B. attract 吸引;C. occupy 占领;D. control

30、 控制。由上文的 “we often let FOMO lead us to compare our lives to those of others on social media“FOMO makes us check social media more frequently” 等描述可知， 此处指FOMO控制我们。应选D项。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Car makers are making more electric cars. They 36 (replace) petrol cars in

31、 the future. This will cut the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. A big problem is charging the battery. Some batteries in electric cars can take up to 12 hours 37 (charge), However a foreign company says it has made a lithium-ion battery 38 cancharge in just five minutes. This is the same amount of t

32、ime it takes to fill 39 tank of gas. The new lithium-ion batteries were developed by the foreign company while 40 are produced by a Chinese company. The new batteries could transform driving. Electric cars could travel as far as petrol cars, but they can give people “range 41 (anxious)”. This is str

33、ess 42 (cause) by worrying about the battery running out43 power. A spokesperson said: Youre either afraid that youre going to get stuck on the highway, or44 youre going to need to sit in a charging station for two hours. He added: Were at the point of achieving a revolution in the electric vehicle

34、charging experience. He said the switch from petrol to electric willhappen 45(rapid).【答案)36. will replaceto charge37. that/whicha 40. they41. anxietycaused 43. of44. that 45. rapidly【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了电动汽车的新能源一一电池。36题详解】考查时态。句意:它们在未来代替汽油汽车。根据时间状语in the future可知，用一般现在时，replace是谓 语动词，故填will replaceo37题

35、详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：电动汽车中的一些电池充电可能需要12个小时。分析句子可知，charge是目的状 语，用不定式形式，故填to charge。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，一家外国公司表示，它生产的锂离子电池可以在5分钟内完成充电。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰battery,从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that或者which。故填that/which0 【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：这与加满一个油箱的汽油所需的时间相同。根据句意，此处泛指“一个油箱”，用不定 冠词，故填a。40题详解】考查代词。句意：新的锂离子电池由外国公司开发，而它们由一家中国公司生产。根据句意

36、，空格处指代上文提到的“The new lithium-ion batteries，是复数，且作主语，故填they。41题详解】考查名词。句意：电动汽车可以行驶地和汽油车一样快，但它们会给人们造成“距离焦虑”。分析句子可知，此处用名词作动词give的宾语，根据句意，用作不可数名词，故填anxiety。L42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是由担忧电池耗尽能源造成的压力。分析句子可知，cause作定语，修饰stress, 二者之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，故填caused。【43题详解】考查介词和固定短语。句意同上。runout “耗尽”，是固定短语，接宾语，需加介词。f。故填of。【44题详解

37、】考查宾语从句。句意：你要么担忧你会被困在高速公路上，要么担忧你需要在充电站坐两个小时。分析句 子可知，or连接两个宾语从句，从句句意完整，成分齐全，用that引导从句，that无词义，不作成分，仅起 引导作用，故填that。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：他说，从汽油到电力的转变将会很快发生。修饰动词happen用副词作定语，故填rapidly。第三局部（共两节，总分值40分）第一节（总分值15分）46.城市博物馆正在举办中国文物（relic）展，并将接待一所国际学校的留学交换生到博物馆参观。假设你 是李华，你在博物馆官网上看到需要招聘志愿者的公告，请给博物馆写一封电子邮件申请做一名志愿者。

38、内容包括：1 .写信目的；.个人能力优势；2 .能做的事情。注意：L写作词数应为80左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Sir or Madam,My name is Li Hua.Yours Truly,Li Hua【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,My name is Li Hua. As an exchange student from China, I am studying in a local school. I am really delighted to learn that a guide for your Chinese cultural rel

39、ic exhibition is required and Im confident that I am truly fit for then composition.To start with, my advantage first lies in the fact that I am from China and used to be a volunteer in Shanghai Museum and quite familiar with Chinese relics. Furthermore, being an outgoing and optimistic boy, I am go

40、od at communicating with others and introducing Chinese culture to the world is always my honor and my pleasure. Finally, there is no problem with my spoken English, as I have lived here for almost a year and I have no difficulty communicating with others in English.I would really appreciate it if y

41、ou can offer me the chance to be a volunteer in your museum. I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours Truly,Li Hua【解析】【分析本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给博物馆写一封电子邮件申请做一名志愿者。【详解】1 .词汇积累优 点： merit- advantage胜任：be qualified forbe fit for高兴的：happy-delighted止匕夕卜：besidesfurthermore2 .句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Furthermore, bein

42、g an outgoing and optimistic boy, I am good communicating with others and introducing Chinese culture to the world is always my honor and my pleasure.拓展句：Furthermore, since Im an outgoing and optimistic boy, I am good at communicating with others and introducing Chinese culture to the world is alway

43、s my honor and my pleasure.【点睛】高分句型 1 I am really delighted to learn that a guide for your Chinese cultural relic exhibition is required and Pm confident that I am truly fit for then composition.（运用 了 that 引导宾语从句）高分句型 2 Furthermore, being an outgoing and optimistic boy, I am good communicating with

44、others and introducing Chinese culture to the world is always my honor and my pleasure.（运用 了 现在分词作状语） 第二节（总分值25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I grew up poor-living in the projects with six brothers, three sisters, my father, and a wonderful mother. We had little money and few goods, but p

45、lenty of love and attention. I was happy and energetic. I understood that no matter how poor a person was, they could still afford a dream.My dream was athletics. By the time I was sixteen, I could throw a ninety-mile-per-hour fastball and hit anything that moved on the baseball field. I was also lu

46、cky: My high-school coach was John, who not only believed in me, but taught me how to believe in myself. He taught me the difference between having a dream and how to realize a dream.One particular incident with Coach John changed my life forever.It was the summer between my junior and senior years,

47、 and a friend recommended me for a summer job. This meant a chance for money in my pocket-money for a new bike and new clothes, and the start of savings for a house for my mother. The prospect of a summer job was attractive, and I wanted to jump at the opportunity.Then I realized I would have to giv

48、e up summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach John I wouldnt be playing. I was afraid of this, thinking of the advice my mother told us: If you make your bed, you have to lie in it.”When I told Coach John, he was as mad as I expected him to be. You have your whole life to work J he said.Y