2022年国立东华大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年国立东华大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of children/s future learning. If they differed markedly

2、 in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; an

3、d at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB、t

4、aught to be more intelligentC、that intelligence was something a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】c【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是“人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为 我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取得成功。第2题【单项选择题】2009.04 When you know Bob better, y

5、ou will like him.A、go toB、got to1【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳 定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容 是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选择B。第21题【单项选择题】Sickness often eating too much.A、as a result ofB、result ofC、result in D result from 【正确答案】D 【答案解析】此题考查result的词组辨析。as a result of：由于的结果result in： 导致result from：由造成，因而产生

6、第22题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes.Q: Power supply system

7、was not damaged during the storm.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。此题可译为：暴风雨中供电系统没遭到破坏。最后一句 说大风和暴雨使一些家庭的供电出现了问题，与题项矛盾，应选B。第23题【单项选择题】102008.04 The farming methods have been improved with the invention ofthe new machine.A、efficientlyB、proficientlyC、professionallyD、intentionally【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题

8、考查副词词义辨析。句子翻译为：由于新机器的创造，人们已 经高效率地改进了农业耕种方法。A高效率地B熟练地 C职业地、专职地 D故意地、有意地。第24题【单项选择题】2009,10 There are many sales this season, during which stores will lower their prices.A、normalB、generalC、ordinaryD、usual【正确答案】A第25题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Tom, a near-sighted young man, went on a blind date with a girl. The two

9、were satisfied with each other. And they exchanged their telephone numbers. What can we learn about Tom?A、Tom made a good impression on the girl at first.B、It was the first time that Tom had dated a girl.C、Tom was blind.D、 Tom was handsome and popular with the girls.【正确答案】A11【答案解析】答案选A。细节判断题。从The tw

10、o were satisfied with each other 可知，相亲过后，两人对对方都很满意，所以A选项正确，汤姆第一次见对方就 留下了很好的印象。B项所表述内容在文中找不到根据，不能判断这是汤姆第几 次约会。根据文章描述，汤姆只是near-sighted,远不到盲了的地步。文章仅讲 述了汤姆和某一个女孩相亲的精力，对他的个人魅力以及是否受女孩欢迎并未提 及。第26题【单项选择题】【填句补文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have

11、 to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、 In some countries, however, children are educated by th

12、eir parents.C、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定 义,因此选D。第27题【单项选择题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB、accompaniesC、attr

13、ibutesD、anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。12第28题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did. by carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance

14、what will happen.A、The stock market had its worst losses everB、Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heatC、So experts are regularly asked to predict accuratelyD The article was written in 1958【正确答案】c【答案解析】第一句说的是：预测未来很重要，不能像中学生那样猜想。这一空 的关键词是exp

15、erts,他们不同于中学生，他们的预测应该是较为准确的。第29题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】People suspected that Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was al

16、so attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of LucansC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought

17、the nanny stole his car【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。因果关系题。对照本段People suspected thatLucky, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake.本来是13要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。答案选C。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Roxabo

18、xen is based on the true story of a group of children, growing up in the Arizona desert. There children can be a bit wild and much free, and they play outside from dawn to dusk. The children discover the make-believe （虚假的）town, built on the hill across from their neighborhood. The town, called Roxab

19、oxen, becomes the center of their play as the children grow, but the story is not just about the time spent in Roxaboxen as young children. More than that, this book is about the way that imagination and secret places stay with us as we grow older and become a part of who we are. It is about the way

20、 that it helps us to grow into the adults that we become. What does the books name Roxaboxen refer to?A、A child.B、A library.C、 A period of time.D、A place.【正确答案】D答案解析答案选D。查找细节题o短文本段中明显一句话提到,The town, called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。第31题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes

21、,caused me to arrive late.A、itB、 thatC、whatD、which【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分14钟，这使得我到达晚了。第32题【单项选择题】2010.04 The student described the beautiful mountains and rivers in hishome town.A、artificiallyB、vividlyC、criticallyD、viciously【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词的词义辨析。这个学生生动地描述了他的家乡美丽的 山河。第33题【单项选择题】

22、2010.04 By the end of next year the bridge.A、is to completeB、has been completedC、will be completedD will have been completed【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】到明年年底之前，这座桥修建将完成。【试题分析】此题 考查语法。【详细解答】动词时态。by the end of到.时为止；在之前。将来 完成时态，用于表达在将来某时间以前已经完成的动作。第34题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】War may be a natural expression of biological ins

23、tinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫士也盘的天，性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all15 qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self

24、-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are a

25、lways conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at th

26、e ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of l

27、aw【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是“a learned behavior。可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第35题【单项选择题】2010.04 Experts have found that normal sleep

28、 can be divided into five stages.A、moderateB、initialC、distinctD、 advanced16【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】专家们已经发现正常的睡眠可以分为五个不同的阶段。【试 题分析】此题考查词汇。【详细解答】形容词的词义选取。第36题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from

29、other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million

30、children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第37题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and hous

31、es. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A17【答案解析】答案选A。此题的意思是：救援

32、车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此 句的意思在最后一句提到了，应选A。第38题【单项选择题】2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第39题【单项选择题】2009.10 So far scientists have only acquired understandi

33、ng of the physicalprocesses that cause earthquakes.A、a partialB、a changeableC、an originalD、an individual【正确答案】A第40题【单项选择题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they w

34、ill grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can.18A、seed lots of sunflowersB、play games in the sunflower houseC include plants with animal namesD、find their own playing section【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后

35、一句是答案的出处，By summers end夏天结束的时候实 际上就是When autumn comes“秋天来临的时候”。答案选择B。第41题【单项选择题】2009.04 Dont trust everything you have read in the newspapers.A、whichB、 thatC、asD、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定 语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything,应选B。第42题【单项选择题】【阅读选择Many years passed and the young man was very

36、successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his father had p

37、assed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt.A、sadB、disappointed19C、went toD get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时

38、，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：此题考 查主将从现。回详细解答：根据主将从现的原那么，主句用了一般将来时，时间状 语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。第3题【单项选择题】This is the most beautiful village I visited these years.A、whichB、whereC、in whichD、that【正确答案】D【答案解析】分析句子成分后发现，visit为及物动词，所缺局部为宾语，所以应 该选择关系代词。因为这里涉及到了最高级，所以只能选that。第4题【单项选择题】【2009.01 What he told us was more of a(n)than a

39、 reality.A、illusionB、demonstrationC、illustrationD、reputation【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。句意:他告诉我们的更可能是幻想而不是现实。 考查名词词义。A幻想，错误观念；B演示，证明；C图解，实例；D名声， 名誉。第5题【单项选择题】C horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness 和regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。应选A。第43题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only

40、 just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are workingA、to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smallerC to shrink it to the size of a desktop

41、 computer and cut the scanning time to 30 secondsD of conducting electricity【正确答案】c【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大， 而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第44题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. Whil

42、e the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment

43、when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and20 supreme sacrifice. The word “allegiance“ is closest in meaning to.A、loyaltyB、objectiveC、survivalD、motive【正确答案】A【答案解析】解此题可用同类词关系进行判断。在allegiance前后的两个词分别 是commitment和sacrifice,应能判断出这三个词相对于国家而言是同一类词，

44、再利用排除法，不难选出正确答案A。第45题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too. New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didnt exercise.Walking regularly

45、 helps elderly people.A、lose weightB、become happierC、concentrate betterD、look younger【正确答案】c【答案解析】同义词替换有题干替换、选项替换。第46题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitat

46、ion because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to.21A、the persistence of heavy metalsB、industrially polluted soi

47、lsC naturally polluted soilsD、rock and soil chemistry【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金属，而且重金属很稳定，不容 易降解，所以要对重金属进行彻底的清除。答案选择A。第47题【单项选择题】阅读选择I recognized that the sites such as Associated Content can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer. I could see that this was an open do

48、or for systematically learning some basic writing skills without paying college tuition for classes and leaving the comfort of my own home. In the eyes of the author, the site Associated Content.A、offers you a lot of novels to readB、is good for your becoming a writerC、asks you to study writing regularlyD、is rather expensive but convenient【正确答案