高中英语高考英语名词重点题型及知识点带答案第i1260期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词重点题型及知识点带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、Van Gogh was famous for his Sunflower, which was painted in three of yellow.A. portsB. shoresC. shadesD. stairs答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：梵高以他的向日葵而闻名，这幅画用了三种深浅不同的黄色。A.ports港口；shores海岸；C. shades深浅，阴影；D. stairs台阶。根据上文“which was painted in three指用三种深浅不同 的黄色颜料作画，应用shade。应选C

2、。2、The lecture Jack Ma made in the 2018 Shanghai Forum of Zhejiang Merchants left us with a wonderful he gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.A. associationB. functionC. satisfactionD. impression答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：马云在2018年上海浙商论坛上的演讲给我们留下了很好的印象，他对未来的商业 会是什么样子做了很好的描

3、述。A. association联系；B. function功能；C. satisfaction满足；D. impression印象。 根据后文“he gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.（他对未来的商业会是什么样子 做了很好的描述。）可知，因为对未来商业有很好的描述，所以此处表示给我们留下了好的印象。应选D。3、Jamie deserves the for trying his best to save the drowning boy.A. creditB. blameC. sho

4、ckD. stress答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰米竭尽全力抢救落水男孩，值得赞扬。A. credit赞扬；B. blame责备；C. shock震惊；D.stress 压力。根据后文“for trying his best to save the drowning boy”可知是值得赞扬，应用 credit。故29、The winner will receive of books.A. a ten pound worthB. ten pound worthyC. ten pounds worthD. ten pounds worthy答案：C解析：考查名词所有格。句意：获胜者将得

5、到价值10英镑的书籍。worth价值，为名词，通常worth后面跟着of, 而且句子里一般含有具体金钱数额。ten pounds后接名词，而worthy是形容词，应选C。30、 The selection process in the job market is based on standard tests of and experience.A. concepts. crewC. competenceD. cruelty答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:就业市场上的选择过程是基于标准能力测试和经验。A. concept概念，定义；B.crew全体船员，全体机组人员；C. compete

6、nce能力；D.cruelty残忍，残酷。根据语意以及下文“experience 可知，就业市场的选择标准是依据求职人的能力和经验。应选C项。31、People in this country who have no job can get money from, but it isnt much to live on.A. welfareB. priceC. prizeD. salary答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个国家里，失业者可以从社会福利中得到钱，但靠这点钱生活并不算多。A. welfare （政府给予的）福利；B. price价格；C.prize奖赏；D. salary

7、工资。根据前文. who have no job”可知, 因为是没有工作的人，由此可知，此处需用名词welfare,表示从社会福利中得到钱。应选A。32、 We have a lot of for the single mother, for she had to bring up the children on her own.A. confidenceB. ambitionC. courageD. sympathy答案：D10解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很同情这个单亲妈妈，因为她必须单独抚养孩子。A. confidence信心；B.ambition 抱负；C. courage 勇气；

8、D.sympathy 同情。 根据后文“for she had to bring up the children on her own （因为她必须单独抚养孩子）可知，此处表示我们同情她。应选D。33、Nowadays, food safety has become the of the government as well as the society.A. advantages. focusC. companyD. anger答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，食品平安以及成为政府和社会关注的焦点。A. advantage优点；B. focus焦 点；C pany公司，陪伴；D.a

9、nger愤怒。根据句意，政府和社会关注食品平安，应选B项。34、We made him our monitor.划线成分是A.宾语B.定语C.状语D.宾补答案：D解析：考查句子成分。句意：我们选他当班长。句子中，动词made为谓语，him为宾语，our monitor意为我们的 班长，对宾语作补充说明，为宾语补足语。应选D。35、 The sunrise is a beautiful in the morning.A. traditionB. gravityC. sceneD. dessert答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：早晨的日出是一幅美丽的景色。A. tradition传统；B.g

10、ravity重力；C. scene景色； D. dessert甜点。根据The sunrise可知，日出是一幅美丽的景色。应选C。36、 Despite years of from publishers, she persevered in her attempt to establish herself as a writer.11A. enduranceB. rejectionC. blessingD. companionship答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管多年来遭到出版商的拒绝，她仍坚持要成为一名作家。A. endurance耐力，持 久力；B.rejection拒绝,抛弃

11、；C.blessing祝福，祈祷,福祉；D. companionship友谊，情谊。根据句意可知, rejection 拒绝，抛弃，符合题意。应选B项。37、 This new variety of music is a around the world.A. phenomenon; spreadsB. phenomena; spreadingC. phenomenon; spreadingD. phenomena; spread答案：c解析：考查名词和非谓语动词。句意：这种新的音乐形式正在世界各地传播。根据不定冠词a,此处用单数名词 phenomenon （现象）。分析句子结构，空格二用非谓

12、语动词，与前面名词phenomenon构成主动关系，用现 在分词形式，spreading符合题意。应选C项。38 The job must have good expression skills.A. cheaterB. philosopherC. warriorD. applicant答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这份工作的申请人必须有好的表达技巧。A. cheater骗子；B.philosopher哲学家；C warrior勇士; D. applicant申请人。只有applicant可以job形成词组“工作申请人,其他项均与语义不符， 应选D项。39、 It took all d

13、ay to transport the furniture to the new.A. debateB. survivalC. civilizationD. apartment12答案：D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：把家具运到新公寓花了一整天的时间。A. debate辩论；B.survival生存；C.civilization文明;D.apartment公寓。根据空前the furniture ”可知，空处需用名词apartment,表示把家具搬 到公寓去。应选D。40、As an experienced cook, her main cooking is to use only fres

14、h ingredients.A. innovations. philosophyC. trendD. sample答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个经验丰富的厨师，她的主要烹饪哲学是只使用新鲜的食材。A. innovation 创新；B. philosophy 哲学；C. trend 趋势；D. sample 样本。根据is to use only fresh ingredients”可知，空处应使 用名词philosophy,表达哲学、理念之意，其他选项不符合题意。应选B项。41、We will be posting a series of regularly form now

15、on so those who read our posts wont beconcerned about us.A. issuesB. updatesC. descriptionsD. schedules答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从现在开始，我们将定期发布一系列最新消息，以便那些阅读我们的帖子的人不 总挂念我们。A. issues发行；B.updates最新消息;C.descriptions描写；D. schedules计划。根据句意可知, 为了那些阅读我们的帖子的人不总挂念我们，所以要定期发布一系列最新消息，所以此处表示最新消息乙 应用updates,应选B。42、 Weve

16、made our plans, and now we must put them into.A. factB. practiceC. realityD. deed答案：B13解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已订好计划，现在必须付诸实施。A fact事实；B.practice实践；C.reality现 实;D. deed 行动。根据上文Weve made our plans, and now we must put them into指把计划付诸实施应用 put into practiceo 应选 BoDont scold him. He was just trying to do a goo

17、d.A. thingB. actC. mannerD. deed答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：别骂他，他只是想做一件好事。A. thing事情；B. act行为；C. manner举止；D. deed行为;事迹。根据上文He was just trying to do a good可知，此处表示“做一件好事，应用固定搭配doa good deed,应选 D。44、While the rise of STEAM learning is relatively new, there are already that prove the integration ofthese seemingl

18、y distinct disciplines is supporting students performance at school.A. featuresB. illustrationsC. picturesD. figures答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然STEAM学习的兴起相对较新，但已经有数据说明，将这些看似不同的学科整 合在一起，有助于学生在学校的表现。A. features特征;B. illustrations说明;C. pictures图画;D. figures数据。 根据that prove the integration of these seemingly d

19、istinct disciplines is supporting students performance at school.” 可知，这些是通过数据说明的。应选D。45 Much to my, the city has developed rapidly over the years.A. amazeB. amazedC. amazementD. amazing答案：C 解析:14 考查名词。句意：令我惊讶的是，这些年来这个城市开展的十分迅速。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语to ones amazement,意为“令某人吃惊的是，形容词性物主代词后接名词作宾语。应选C。小提示：46、一Im

20、 sure his speech has had a great on the people there.Yes, they were deeply moved.A. impactB. advanceC. harmonyD. accommodation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我相信他的演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。一一是的，他们被深深地打动了。 A.impact 影响；B.advance 进步；C. harmony 和谐；D. accommodation 住处。根据they were deeply moved.可 知，演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。应选A项。47、 Patie

21、nce is an important of a happy and rewarding life. After all, there is always something worthwaiting for in our life.A. lessonB. experienceC. purposeD. quality答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：耐心是快乐而有意义的生活的重要品质。毕竟，在我们的生活中总有一些值得等 待的东西。A. lesson课程;B. experience经历；C.purpose目的;D.quality品质。根据上文“Patience is an important

22、指耐心是重要品质,应用quality。应选D。48 The of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured.A. harmonyB. rclaxationC. rclicfD. case答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：减轻疼痛很容易，但疾病很难治愈。A. harmony和谐；B.relaxation放松；C. relief15减轻；D. ease 舒适。根据后文“of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cu

23、red”可知指减轻 疼痛应用relief,应选Co49 It might be very difficult to find the of the information.A. causeB. resourceC. courseD. source答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：要找到这个信息的来源可能很困难。A.cause原因；B.resource资源；C.course课 程；D.source来源。根据句意可知，要找到这个信息的来源可能很困难。应选D项。50、 What we say should be consistent with what we do. There should n

24、ot be in our words and actions.A. conservationB. contradictionC. consequenceD. consultation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们说的应该和做的一致。我们的言行不应该有矛盾。A. conservation保护；B.contradiction 矛盾；C. consequence 结果；D. consultation 咨询。 根据上文What we say should be consistent with what we do.”可知,指言行不矛盾，应用contradiction。应选B。51、 Die

25、ting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A. insightB. perseveranceC. confirmationD. achievement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须用毅力坚持你的计划。A. insight洞察力, 领悟；B. perseverance 毅力；C. confirmation 证明，证实；D. achievement 成就。由空前“you must stick to your pl

26、an可知，因为要坚持计划，所以空处需用名词perseverance,表示用毅力坚持计划。应选B。52、 Police have arrested a in a series of killing in the city.16A. suspectB. conflictC. virus答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：警方在该市的一系列谋杀案中逮捕了嫌疑犯。A.suspect嫌疑犯；B.conflict矛盾； C.virus病毒。根据a series of killing in the city”,可知此处是指抓到了一个嫌疑犯。应选A。53、 I owe you a(an)for having

27、 kept you waiting for such a long time.A. judgmentB. argumentC. apologyD. intention答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：让你等了这么长时间，我该向你抱歉。A. judgment判断，判决；B.argument争论; C apology抱歉;D. intention意图，目的。由语意可知，让你等了这么长时间,这里表达歉意,apology 抱歉”, 符合题意。应选C项。54 There must be something wrong with the machine. It is making strange.A.

28、 noiseB. noisyC. voice答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:机器一定出了故障。它正在发出奇怪的噪音。A. noise n.噪音；B.noisy adj.噪杂的;C. voice n.声音。根据句意可知，机器出了问题，所以会发出噪音。应选A项。55、 The present of education needs improving.A. systemB. dawnC. cometD. vitamin答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前的教育制度需要改进。A. system制度；B.dawn黎明；C et彗星；D.17vitamin维生素。由of education可知

29、，此处指“教育制度，system符合句意。应选A项。56、The beauty of the scenery of West Lake is beyond.A. collectionB. selectionC. descriptionD. tradition答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：西湖风景之美是无法形容的。A.collection收集；B. selection选择；C. description 描述；D. tradition传统。根据the scenery of West Lake”可知，此处表示西湖的美景无法形容，beyond description为固定短语,意为“难以形容。

30、应选C。57、The police offered a $200 for any information leading to the arrest of the murderer.A. awardB. priceC. rewardD. prize答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：警方悬赏200美元悬赏，以获取可以抓捕凶手的任何信息。A. award奖品、授予;price价格；C.reward悬赏金、报酬；D.prize奖品、重要人物。分析语境可知，空格处用reward表示悬赏 金、报酬符合语境。应选C项。58、 As can be seen, in the fierce competit

31、ion, honesty is a vital of her success.A. evidenceB. criterionC. conceptD. element答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如我们所看到的，在激烈的竞争中，老实是她成功的关键因素。A. evidence证 据;B. criterion标准；C.concept概念;D. element元素。由句意可知，此处说的是“她成功的关键要素是诚 实。应选D项。59、Lack of mutual not only gets in the way of your work, but it can also your relatio

32、nships and your self-esteem.18A. comment. differB. respect. damageC. benefit. destroyD. expectation . decorate答案：B解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏相互尊敬不仅会阻碍你的工作，还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。comment评论”,differ“有区别，有分歧；respect尊敬,damage损害;伤害；benefit益处;好处， destroy毁坏；expectation期待，decorate装饰。根据句意，相互不尊重会阻碍工作，也会损害人际关系 和自尊。应选B。小提小：60、T

33、he students are having a(n)on whether children should attend tutorial classes or not after school.A. encounterB. debateC. impactD. reaction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们正在进行一场有关孩子是否应该上课后辅导班的辩论赛。A.encounter遇见;debate辩论；C. impact影响；D.reaction反响。由句意可知，学生们正在辩论孩子是否应该上课后辅导班。 应选B项。61 Your suggestions are far from w

34、orthless and they make a good deal of to me.A. differences. senseC. influenceD. meaning答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的建议绝非毫无价值，对我来说很有意义。A. difference差异；B.sense意义；理解力;C. influence影响；D. meaning意思。短语make a good deal of sense to sb表示“对某人很有意义。故选Bo62、一 I have a sore throat today!19选Ao4、Born a poor family, Abraham L

35、incoln fought his way to the top and became the United States16 President and one of the greatest in American history.A. of.shapesB. on.statuesC. into.figuresD. with.images答案：C 解析: 考查动词短语和可数名词复数。句意：亚伯拉罕林肯出生在一个贫穷的家庭，他一路奋斗到顶峰，成为美国 第16任总统，也是美国历史上最伟大的人物之一。第一空涉及born的短语搭配，born of源于，出生于， born on”出生于（时间），bo

36、rn into”出身于（家庭）,born with”与生俱来，根据句意，第一空应填介词 into；第二空shapes形状,statues雕塑,figures知名人物,images图像,又根据句意，空处是指林肯 是美国历史上最伟大人物之一，表示“人物，应用名词figure表示。应选C项。5、From the Tokyo Olympics to the 14th National Games, outstanding performances from Chinas athletes show the countrys drive for a sports powerhouse in and in

37、novation.A. expectations. passionC. mysteryD. imagination答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从东京奥运会到第十四届全运会，中国运发动的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的 激情和创新精神。A.expectation期待；B.passion激情;C.mystery谜；D.imagination想象力。根据showthe countrys drive for a sports powerhouse in and innovation”可知，句子表示“中国运发动的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的激情和创新精神，因此空格处意为激情，是passion,

38、应选B。6、 He made a quick to the new surroundings. In other words, he was moreA. adoption, adaptiveB. adaptation, adaptiveC. adapt, adaptableD. adaptation, adaptable答案：D-You/d better take advantage of the tea break to go toA. chemistsB. the chemistC. the chemistsD. the chemists/答案：C解析：考查所有格的省略及固定用法。句意：

39、一一今天我喉咙好痛。一一你最好利用茶歇时间去一下药店。chemist 为药剂师，药师，在英语中，人们惯常用goto the chemists这一用法来表达去药店，这其实是一个省略 结构，完整的结构是go to the chemists shop （去药师的店铺），省略时注意仅去掉shop,保存定冠词the且 chemist用单数（固定用法）,综上此题选C。63、All the indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.A. evidenceB. factC. factorD. cause答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意

40、：所有的证据都说明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系。A. evidence证据；B.fact事实；C. factor 因素；D. cause 原因。由下文“indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.”可知，证据说明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系，所以此处表示证据，应用evidence,应选A。64、The first warning was from a station further in the harbor telling me to stop, that we wereapproaching danger.A. sighB.

41、 signC. signalD. image答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个警告来自港口远处的一个信号站，告诉我停下来，我们正接近危险。A.sigh 叹气，叹息；B.sign签名，迹象，符号；C.signal信号灯；（无线电）讯号，信号；D.image形象，印象。根据 句意和各项词义,signal station,意为“信号站,能对来往船只发出危险、警告等信号，signal作station的定语，符合语境，应选C项。2065、 In order to live up to their parents, most of the kids have to study hard ev

42、en over vacations.A. expectationsB. qualificationsC. applicationsD. innovations答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:为了不辜负父母的期望，大多数孩子甚至在假期也要努力学习。A. expectations期 望；B. qualifications 任职资格;C. applications 应用；D. innovations 创新。根据In order to live up to their parents，可知此处指父母的“期望。应选A。66 Scientists want to bring a chunk of t

43、he red planet down to earth on what/s called a-return mission.A. sampleB. productC. seedD. ancestor答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们希望将这颗红色行星的一大块带回地球，进行所谓的取样返回任务。A.sample 样本；B.product 产品；C.seed 种子；D.ancestor 祖先。由前面的bring a chunk of the red planet down to earth可知，是将这颗红色行星的一大块作为样本带回地球，因此空格处是样本。应选A。67 I think it

44、 to read English storybooks and its a great way to improve my English.A. interestB. interestingC. interestsD. interested答案：B解析：考查词义辨析。句意：我觉得读英语故事书很有趣，这是提高我英语水平的好方法。A. interest名词，兴趣， 爱好；B. interesting形容词，有趣的；C.interests名词，利益，好处；D. interested形容词，感兴趣的。分析 可知，本句使用了 think it+adj.+to do的句式，it为形式宾语，adj.此处为宾

45、补，不定式结构为真正的宾语，表 示读英语故事书，所以要用-ing结尾形容词。应选B。68 We all know that is an important value and lying is wrong.A. honesty; thatB. honest; /21C. honesty; /D. honest; that答案：A解析：考查名词和宾语从句。句意：我们都知道老实是一个重要的价值观，说谎是错误的。分析句子结构可知，第一空为句子主语需要用名词，即第一空填honesty；第二空and所并列的是know所引导的宾语从句。在从句 中，句子结构和意义完整，用连接词that引导宾语从句。此处为a

46、nd并列的第二处宾语从句，所以that不可 省略，故第二空填that。应选A。69、 Thanks to the of the experienced worker, we completed the difficult task on time.A. potentials. bonusC. bugD. guidance答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经验丰富的工人的指导下，我们按时完成了艰巨的任务。A.potential潜力； B.bonus奖金；C.bug故障;D.guidance指导。结合句意中,经验丰富的工人,可知guidance指导，符合句意, 应选择D项。70、The ki

47、ds-only Internet service is a great which will help parents control their childrens access to theInternet.A. certificateB. investigationC. innovationD. exception答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：儿童专用互联网服务是一项伟大的创新，它将帮助父母控制他们的孩子接入互联 网。A. certificate 证书；B. investigation 调查；C. innovation 仓U新；D. exception 例夕卜。根据上文“The

48、kids-only Internet service is a great可知，指儿童专用互联网服务是一项伟大的创新，它将帮助父母控制他们的孩子接入 互联网，应用innovation。应选C。71、 Though I was sure of my performance, Km still waiting for of the test results.22A. confirmations. missionC. institutionD. foundation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我确信自己的表现，但我仍在等待测试结果确实认。A.confirmation确认； B.mission任务；Constitution机构；D.foundation建立。根