银行业2021年中报回顾:银行中报的启示.docx
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1、业绩概览:收入增速回暖,拨备支撑盈利收入端营收增速触底回升,非息收入贡献可观叭股上市银行1上半年营收同比+5.9% (Q1同比+3.7%), 2020年以来的营收下行趋势企稳。拆分来看:1)利息净收入增速总体平稳。一季度和上半年同比增速均为4.8%,二季度资产扩张 总体平稳(20Q2和21Q2生息资产分别+1.4%/1.6%),受资产端拖累影响,当季息差仍有 行业性小幅回落。2)手续费及佣金净收入保持景气增长。一季度和上半年同比增速分别为11.1%/8.3%, 主要是今年以来财富管理业务驱动的零售中收保持乐观增长。3)其他非息二季度显著多增。一季度和上半年同比增速分别为-9.5%/+9.3%,
2、今年4 月以来市场利率中枢稳中有降,使得交易类收入呈现同比显著改善趋势。盈利端:Q2拨备减计支撑盈利,行业利润录得双位数增长。上市银行上半年PPOP 同比+4.9%,而归母净利润同比+13.0 (Q1为+4.6%),二季度拨备对盈利增速的拉动作用 近9 pct。拨备计提回归常态的背后,广义指标和前瞻指标指向资产质量仍在稳中向好。前瞻而言,拨备带来的反哺效应下,上半年的较高增速为全年银行业盈利增长奠定了 基础,后续季度关注中收持续增长和息差边际企稳带来的收入端改善机会。图1: 19Q4-21Q2上市银行营业收入、PPOP和归母净利润增速(累积同比)资料来源:各公司财报,表1:上市银行盈利同比增速
3、分解(累积同比)1注:包括36家A股银行,包括6家大型银行、9家股份制银行、13家城商行和8家农商;由于局部季度财务数据不全, 未包含新上市的厦门、重庆、齐鲁、瑞丰及沪农商行。报告后续局部无特殊说明外,包括全部41家A股上市银行。2020N2021Q12021H利息净收入+6.9%+4.8%+4.8%#规模+11.7%+7.8%+8.9%#息差-4.8%-3.0%-4.1%非息-1.4%-1.0%+1.1%利息收入利息支出利息净收入21Q121Q221Q121Q221Q121Q2宁波17.0%17.0%3.8%12.5%32.1%21.9%江苏13.0%14.6%0.7%3.4%34.3%33
4、.2%贵阳3.6%3.8%8.0%10.4%-1.2%-3.2%杭州11.4%12.5%7.0%11.8%17.1%13.4%上海5.1%7.5%1.9%6.8%9.8%8.3%成都18.7%21.8%17.5%23.7%19.9%19.8%郑州7.2%8.1%9.7%10.0%4.3%5.9%长沙12.6%15.0%14.9%16.4%10.3%13.5%青岛8.0%7.1%14.3%15.6%1.4%-2.1%西安8.9%9.5%9.2%12.3%8.6%6.3%苏州5.2%6.8%4.4%11.1%6.1%2.0%厦门8.4%11.3%6.7%10.1%9.3%13.1%重庆9.7%9.
5、1%9.3%12.4%10.3%4.9%齐鲁16.0%17.5%17.9%20.2%13.9%14.5%城商行8.4%9.5%43%7.8%736%11.7%江阴7.7%8.0%15.7%11.1%0.0%4.7%无锡7.4%10.3%8.2%10.4%6.5%10.2%常熟4.8%7.7%13.2%14.7%-0.5%3.1%苏农4.9%8.6%7.5%14.7%3.0%3.8%张家港10.0%12.4%26.0%27.9%-1.0%1.3%紫金7.8%9.6%13.4%18.4%2.2%1.0%青农商13.3%13.6%20.0%22.6%7.2%5.7%渝农商9.4%11.6%9.4%1
6、5.0%9.5%8.5%瑞丰9.2%12.8%18.0%16.9%1.9%9.0%沪农商10.6%11.5%14.8%15.0%6.1%7.7%农商行9.4%11.1%734%16.1%5.7%6.6%合计3.4%45%1.8%4.0%48%4.9%资料来源:各公司财报,注:2020年及2021年上半年,局部银行将信用卡分期业务由手续费及佣金收入重分类至利息收入,上述表格已进行重述处理净息差:小幅下行,边际趋稳净息差情况看,下行趋势放缓,负债本钱小幅上行。以期初期末平均法测算,2021年 上半年41家上市银行累计净息差为2.07%,较一季度下降2BP,整体下行趋势有所放缓, 主要是资产端收益下
7、行压力降低明显。二季度大银行、城商行及农商行负债本钱较一季度 均有所上行,考虑到资金面环境较为宽松,推测主要是存款端竞争较为激烈,存款本钱小 幅上行所致。表7:期初期末平均法计算各家银行息差情况20Q4净息差(累计)21Q121Q2生息资产收益率(累计)计息负债本钱率(累计)20Q421Q121Q220Q421Q121Q2工行2.14%2.09%2.07%3.62%3.49%3.47%1.63%1.55%1.55%建行2.22%2.14%2.12%3.81%3.70%3.69%1.78%1.75%1.76%农行2.15%2.08%2.11%3.67%3.61%3.68%1.68%1.68%1.
8、71%中行1.86%1.77%1.75%3.41%3.24%3.24%1.68%1.60%1.62%净息差(累计)生息资产收益率(累计)计息负债本钱率(累计)20Q421Q121Q220Q421Q121Q220Q421Q121Q2交行1.59%1.53%1.53%3.82%3.59%3.59%2.52%2.32%2.34%邮储2.41%2.38%2.34%3.95%3.94%3.92%1.62%1.61%1.63%大银行209%2.02%2.01%3.67%3.56%3.56%1.74%1.69%1.71%中信2.20%2.13%2.10%4.37%4.33%4.32%2.29%2.26%2.
9、28%招商2.51%2.54%2.49%4.17%4.06%3.99%1.76%1.60%1.60%民生2.21%2.15%2.07%4.68%4.49%4.43%2.52%2.43%2.46%兴业2.17%2.16%2.09%4.60%4.57%4.48%2.37%2.34%2.32%浦发2.05%1.88%1.86%4.37%4.13%4.11%2.34%2.30%2.30%光大2.37%2.27%2.23%4.75%4.56%4.51%2.47%2.33%2.33%华夏2.64%2.50%2.47%4.74%4.69%4.66%2.27%2.35%2.34%平安2.59%2.93%2.8
10、6%4.86%5.12%5.05%2.35%2.27%2.25%浙商2.16%2.21%2.18%5.02%4.90%4.83%2.85%2.68%2.63%股份行2.30%2.27%223%4.54%4.44%4.39%2.30%223%2.23%北京1.96%1.91%1.86%4.27%4.14%4.13%2.41%2.29%2.33%南乐1.88%2.05%1.97%4.64%4.66%4.58%2.70%2.54%2.53%宁波2.41%2.63%2.36%4.92%4.98%4.75%2.27%2.12%2.18%江苏1.92%2.09%2.10%4.80%4.81%4.83%2.
11、78%2.64%2.65%贵阳2.67%2.42%2.43%5.43%5.33%5.39%2.72%2.88%2.94%杭州1.91%1.99%1.92%4.24%4.33%4.28%2.34%2.36%2.35%上海1.81%1.75%1.76%4.20%4.09%4.10%2.27%2.26%2.25%成都2.18%2.10%2.14%4.35%4.31%4.41%2.13%2.19%2.25%郑州2.48%2.33%2.39%5.28%5.23%5.23%2.67%2.78%2.73%长沙2.60%2.45%2.47%5.08%4.97%4.99%2.38%2.44%2.44%青岛2.1
12、8%1.99%1.86%4.60%4.33%4.24%2.38%2.27%2.28%西安2.21%2.14%2.07%4.68%4.62%4.59%2.66%2.69%2.73%苏州2.43%2.25%2.22%5.14%4.79%4.87%2.57%2.41%2.50%厦门1.87%1.53%1.52%4.36%3.97%3.91%2.57%2.58%2.52%重庆2.21%2.15%2.03%5.04%4.97%4.83%2.93%2.95%2.94%齐鲁2.07%2.00%1.96%4.31%4.25%4.22%2.29%2.33%2.36%城商行2.07%2.07%2.03%4.59%
13、4.53%4.50%2.48%2.42%2.44%江阴2.03%1.93%1.96%4.18%4.11%4.12%2.28%2.32%2.30%无锡2.05%1.94%1.93%4.42%4.25%4.26%2.47%2.44%2.48%常熟3.17%2.92%3.00%5.36%5.05%5.18%2.39%2.29%2.35%苏农2.38%2.36%2.21%4.18%4.25%4.11%1.94%2.01%2.03%张家港2.78%2.53%2.48%4.85%4.77%4.74%2.25%2.41%2.42%紫金1.86%1.86%1.82%3.78%3.90%3.88%2.08%2.
14、19%2.22%青农商2.46%2.19%2.20%4.62%4.41%4.44%2.10%2.18%2.22%渝农商2.28%2.32%2.29%4.31%4.45%4.44%2.21%2.29%2.31%瑞丰2.56%2.34%2.28%4.70%4.57%4.53%2.33%2.42%2.43%沪农商1.96%1.91%1.92%4.07%4.11%4.11%2.22%2.25%2.24%农商行225%2.18%2.17%4.33%4.34%4.34%2.21%2.27%2.28%合计2.14%2.09%2.07%3.97%3.87%3.85%1.96%1.90%1.91%资料来源:各公
15、司财报, 注:2020年及2021年上半年,局部银行将信用卡分期业务由手续费及佣金收入重分类至利息收入,上述表格己 进行重述处理表8:上市银行公布净息差数据资料来源:各公司财报,20202021Q12021H工行2.15%2.14%2.12%建行2.19%2.13%2.13%农行2.20%未公布2.12%中行1.85%未公布1.76%交行1.57%1.54%1.55%邮储2.42%2.40%2.37%中信2.26%未公布2.09%招商2.49%2.52%2.49%民生2.14%未公布2.02%兴业2.36%未公布2.32%浦发2.02%未公布1.84%光大2.29%未公布2.20%华夏2.59
16、%2.45%2.41%平安2.88%2.87%2.83%浙商2.19%未公布2.27%北京1.92%未公布1.84%南京1.86%1.96%1.91%宁波2.30%2.55%2.33%江苏2.14%未公布2.29%贵阳2.52%2.23%2.26%杭州1.98%未公布1.93%上海1.82%1.73%1.73%成都2.19%未公布2.11%郑州2.40%未公布2.24%长沙2.58%未公布2.41%青岛2.13%2.02%1.90%西安2.16%未公布2.00%苏州2.22%未公布2.00%厦门1.65%未公布1.63%重庆2.27%未公布2.06%齐鲁2.15%未公布2.00%江阴2.19%
17、未公布2.18%无锡2.07%未公布1.96%常熟3.18%未公布3.02%苏农2.50%未公布2.20%张家港2.74%未公布2.41%紫金1.91%未公布1.81%青农商2.52%未公布2.24%渝农商2.25%未公布2.23%瑞丰2.51%未公布2.28%沪农商1.91%未公布1.81%I非息表现:中收改善显著,其他非息扰动非息收入:中收景气,交投收益高增。1 )中收保持较快增速:上半年41家上市银行 手续费及佣金净收入合计同比+8.3% (一季度同比+11.0%),增速较一季度有所回落,但 景气度仍处较高水平,驱动因素主要来自于财富管理相关的零售业务高速增长。2)投资收 入显著回暖:上
18、半年公允价值变动损益、投资收益同比分别+203亿元/-129亿元(一季度 同比分别100亿元/269亿元),二季度市场利率中枢下移背景下,债券及基金估值上升, 从而推动公允价值收益增长。此外,除投资业务外,当季租赁、保险等业务表现良好,贡献 子公司收入增长。中收增速略有回落,但仍保持较快增长手续费及佣金净收入保持较快增长。上半年上市银行手续费及佣金净收入同比+8.3% (一季度同比+11.0%),增速较一季度有所回落,但仍高于去年四个季度,说明中间业务 延续恢复态势。上半年资本市场表现积极,资管产品代销业务收入增长明显,如代销基金/ 信托/保险收入同比分别增长39.8%/21.0%/33.7%
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